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      • Recreation의 役割機能과 自我形成

        李忠一 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所 1985 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.10

        This is theoretical and analitical study on the role and function of recreation ego formation, in this paper, ego is conceptualized as the subject of various need and characters and ego formation as the composite proccrs of need satisfaction and cheracter formation. consecquently, they sole and function of recreation in ego formation may be assumed to be brought into light by examining and analysing how recreation contributes to satisfying human needs and forming desirable character in the case of individual persons. This paper conductes 1) receration contributes postively to satisfying socalled belongingness and Love needs esteem needs and self-actualization need. 2) recreation contributes postively to forming cextroversion tendency in the case of introverted type persons. 3) recreation contributes indirectly to make individual character more coopesative by democratizing group to which the individual person belongs.

      • KCI등재

        유전 및 육종 : 홀스타인의 유생산형질에 대한 유전모수 추정

        충일 ( Chung Il Cho ),조관현 ( Kwang Hyeon Cho ),최연호 ( Yun Ho Choy ),최재관 ( Jae Kwan Choi ),최태정 ( Tae Jeong Choi ),박병호 ( Byoung Ho Park ),이승수 ( Seung Su Lee ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2013 한국축산학회지 Vol.55 No.1

        The purpose of this study was to estimate (co)variance components of three milk production traits for genetic evaluation using a multiple lactation model. Each of the first five lactations was treated as different traits. For the parameter estimation study, a data set was set up including lactations from cows calved from 2001 to 2009. The total number of raw lactation records in first to fifth parities reached 1,416,589. At least 10 cows were required for each contemporary group, herd-year-season effect. Sires with fewer than 10 daughters were discarded. Lactations with 305d milk yield exceeding 15,000 kg were removed. In total, 1,456 sires of cows were remained after all the selection steps. A complete pedigree consisting of 292,382 records was used for the study. A sire model containing herd-year-season, caving age, and sire additive genetic effects was applied to the selected lactation data and pedigree for estimating (co)variance components via VCE. Heritabilities and genetic or residual correlations were then derived from the (co)variance estimates using R package. Genetic correlations between lactations ranged from 0.76 to 0.98 for milk yield, 0.79~1.00 for fat yield, 0.75~1.00 for protein yield. On individual lactation basis, relatively low heritability values were obtained 0.14~0.23, 0.13~0.20 and 0.14~0.19 for milk, fat, and protein yields, respectively. For the combined lactation heritability values were 0.29, 0.28, and 0.26 for milk, fat, and protein yields. The estimated parameters will be used in national genetic evaluations for production traits. 본 연구의 목적은 여러 산차를 이용한 모델을 사용하여 유전평가분석을 하기위하여 3개의 유량생산 형질에 대한 (공)분산 성분을 추정하고자 하였다. 모수추정을 위한 자료는 2001년부터 2009년까지의 검정자료를 이용하였고 원시자료수는 1,416,589개이며 5개의 산차형질에 대해 각각 다른 형질로 가정하여 추정하였다. 동기그룹 내 10두 이하 및 씨수소의 딸소가 10두 미만인 개체는 삭제를 하였으며 305일 유량생산이 15,000kg을 초과하는 비유개체에 대하여 사전 데이터 가공을 실시하였다. 혈통파일은 총292,382개의 혈통자료와 1,456두의 씨수소로 구성되어진 혈통자료가 연구에 사용되었다. Sire 모형은 herd-year-season의 동기그룹과 분만월령 그리고 혈통과 5산까지 상가적 유전효과들이 적용되었으며 VCE를 이용하여 유전 (공)분산이 추정되었다. 유전율과 유전상과 그리고 잔차상관은 R 패키지를 이용하여 계산하였다. 유량에 대한 산차간 유전 상관은 0.76에서 0.98였고, 유지방량은 0.79~0.10, 유단백질량은 0.75~1.00로 나타났다. 각 산차별 유량, 유지방량, 유단백질량은 상대적으로 낮은 유전력인 0.14~0.23, 0.13~0.20이 추정되었으며 산차에 가중치로 결합된 유전력은 각 형질에서 0.29, 0.28, 0.26로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 추정된 모수들은 국가단위 유전평가분석에 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

      • Progressive Aspects 硏究 : ing form을 中心으로

        韓忠一 圓光大學校大學院 1979 學位論叢 Vol.2 No.-

        The -ing we use today was at first -ung, a noun ending. It seems probable that -ing was formed by blending the southren-inde participle ending with-ungat, at first only for weak verbs, later for strong ones as well. In this thesis studied progressive aspect for "be+ing" forms that involves consideration to the various angles. In reality the tense forms of a verb have no simple clear-cut functie. To a greater or less extent in different English languages two functions blend. One is the time distinction between past, present, and future. The other, prominent in Aspect. But the pregressive form, especially traditional school crammar, has been dealt with tenses use and definited external features. English progressive form contains meaning of active and staive width, which descriptive function and emotional function as Franch's special 「inperfait」. The discriptive and emotional value of the progressive often suggests that the activity, occurrence or state discribed has been the object of the particular interest or careful observation on the part of the speaker. This thesis researched internal meaning of progressive forms which progressive use with tenses, progressive aspect of stative verb, private verbs, conjuction, comparison, infinitive, as imperative, in the passive, participle and noun, etc. All above examples is emphasised what is the mark point in the -ing form of progressive.

      • KCI등재

        유전 및 육종 : 국내 두록종 농장간 유전적 연결성 추정

        충일 ( Chung Il Cho ),최재관 ( Jae Kwan Choi ),박병호 ( Byoung Ho Park ),김시동 ( Si Dong Kim ),권오섭 ( Oh Sub Kwon ),최유림 ( You Lim Choi ),최연호 ( Yun Ho Choy ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2012 한국축산학회지 Vol.54 No.5

        돼지에서 농장간 유전적 연결성은 다른 농장간 추정 육종가의 비 교를 위해 매우 중요한 지표이다. 본 연구에서는 유전적 연결고리 가 존재하는 6개의 두록 농장에서 수집된 24,971두의 90 kg 도달 일령에 대한 검정자료 및 456,697두의 혈통정보를 이용하였으며, 농장간 연결성은 연결율 수식에 의해 계산하였다. 분석 결과, 두록 농장간 교류를 위하여 총 8두에서 생산된 정액이 사용된 것으로 나타났다. A 농장은 8두의 종돈을 통하여 나머지 5개 농장과 모두 종돈 교류가 이루어졌으며, B-E 농장의 경우 F 농장을 제외한 나머 지 4개 농장과의 종돈 교류가 있었으며, F 농장은 오직 A농장과 혈연적인 연결이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 F 농장은 A농 장과의 연결을 통하여 나머지 다른 농장과 연결성을 갖게 되어 두 록 6개 농장간 연결성이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 농장간 연결율이 가장 높은 값은 A농장과 C 농장간의 91.7%로 6개의 두 록 농장 중 농장간 연결율이 가장 높았으며, 반대로 D농장과 F 농 장에서 65.1%로 가장 낮은 연결율을 나타냈다. 국내 6개 두록 종 돈장간 연결율은 65% 이상으로 고도의 유전적 연결성이 존재하는 것으로 나타나 단일 집단의 개념에서 유전평가가 가능하며, 이를 이용하여 농장내외 개체간 상대적 비교를 통해 우수 종축을 선발할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The genetic connectedness between herds is an essential requirement to make robust across-herd estimation of the breeding values of the animals. In this study, genetic connectedness between herds was evaluated by a connectedness rating method. A total of 24,971 records of days to 90 kg (D90KG) of the pigs on performance testing programs collected from six herds (labeled from ``A`` to ``F``) of Duroc breed along with pedigree information comprising 456,697 families were used. Results showed that a total of eight boars were used for semen exchange programs among participant farms. Herds ``A`` through ``E`` were found strongly connected among them. But ``F`` herd was genetically connected strongly only with ``A`` herd. The highest average connectedness rating was 91.7% between ``A`` herd and ``C`` herd. The lowest average connectedness rating was 65.1% between ``D`` and ``F``. The concept of a single genetic group comprising six Duroc herds studied is meaningful due to high connectedness rates among them. Therefore, with this high genetic ties between participant Duroc farms, the more accurate genetic evaluation would be possible.

      • YBaCuO(F)의 초전도 성질

        충일 順天大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.11 No.1

        A series of fluorne-containing materials where formula are YBa₂Cu₃?? (x=0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0) was prepared by mixing two primary components, YBa₂Cu₃?? and YBa₂Cu₃F₄??. The samples were prepared by solid-state reaction. The variation of superconducting properties of YBa₂Cu₃F??O?? was studied with increasing F concentration. The change of structural phase was observed using XRD pattern and SEM. The superconductivity was investigated through the measurement of electical resistivity versus temperature. The superconducting properties of the first three compositions, that are x=0, 0.5, 1.0, were very similar to that of typical YBCO compound. The other compositions (x=1.5, 2.0) showed broad superconducting Transition width over 10K and were wupposed to be multiple-phase sample.

      • KCI등재

        Temporal Variation in the Chlorophyll a Concentration of the Coastal Waters of Spain Following the Ship Prestige Oil Spill

        충일,김무찬 한국수산과학회 2008 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.11 No.4

        Time series changes in the chlorophyll a concentrations before and after the ship Prestige oil spill on 13 November 2002 were analyzed using NCEP wind data and ocean color data. Following the oil spill, southwesterly winds pushed the oil towards the Spanish coast. In addition, the daily chlorophyll a concentration decreased dramatically from the middle of November to the end of December 2002, with the minimum value being recorded in December. Additionally, the mean chlorophyll a concentration in November and December 2002 was lower than the average value recorded for the same months from 2000 to 2005; however, with the exception of 2000, the concentration was higher in October 2002 before the spill and in January-March 2003 after the spill during the same period from 2000 to 2005.

      • KCI등재
      • 경포 해수욕장 해안선의 계절 변화

        충일,한문희,정해근 해양환경안전학회 2010 해양환경안전학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.11

        경포 해수욕장 해안선의 계절 변화를 파악하기 위해 2009년 4월부터 2010년 4월까지 주 1회 간격으로 해안선의 위치를 측정하였다. 해안선 측정은 swash zone을 따라 이동하며 약 1초 간격으로 위·경도 좌표를 취득하였다. 양양, 강릉, 동해의 바람 및 해면 기압 자료를 이용하 여 이들 인자가 해안선의 계절 변화에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 경포 해수욕장 해안선을 12개의 구간으로 구분하여 각 구간에 대해 월별, 계 절별 해안선 위치 변화를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 조사 구간의 최남단과 최북단에 위치한 구간에서 계절별 해안선의 위치 변화폭이 가장 크게 나 타나난 반면 가운데 위치한 구간에서는 상대적으로 월별, 계절별 위치 변화폭이 작게 나타났다. 전 구간에서 월별, 계절별 변화폭의 차이는 있으 나 전체적으로 1년을 주기로 해안선의 위치 변화가 나타났다. Weekly observation from April, 2009 to April, 2010 was carried out to illustrate monthly and seasonal variation in Gyeongpo beach shoreline using DGPS. Observation interval is about 1sec, and wind and sea surface pressure were used to analysis their influence on the time-series change in the shoreline. Gyeongpo shoreline was divided into 12 areas, and these areas showed the seasonal variation, that is, during winter, the shoreline retreated toward land and during summer it went ahead toward sea. In the northern and southern end, range in time-series change of the shoreline was the greatest.

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