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- 저자 : 李宗律 (검색결과 54 건)
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이종율,장재혁,최명규,정인식,최영진,이교영,정은선,강석휘 대한소화기내시경학회 2009 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.38 No.1
Anthracosis mostly occurs at the lung and esophageal anthracosis has rarely been reported. As a result, the pathogenesis and prognosis of esophageal anthracosis is currently unclear. In previous reports, esophageal anthracosis has been mostly observed as relatively flat lesions that require differentiation from malignant melanoma. We report here on a case of esophageal anthracosis with polypoid features in a seventy year old male patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient had undergone endoscopic examination and a 1 cm sized black polypoid lesion was observed. Pathology revealed macrophages phagocyting black carbon pigments beneath the mucosal epithelium and the diagnosis of esophageal anthracosis was made. 탄분증은 폐에 주로 발생하며 식도에 발생하는 예는 매우 드물어 발생기전이나 예후가 불분명하다. 상부 내시경 검사에서 식도에 검은색으로 착색된 편평한 병변이 관찰되어 악성 흑색종과 감별이 필요한 증례가 보고 된 경우는 있으나, 용종 형태로 발견된 것은 지금까지 국내외에서 보고되지 않았다. 저자들은 간암으로 검사 중이던 70세 남자 환자의 내시경 검사에서 약 1 cm 크기의 검은색의 돌출된 용종을 발견하였고, 조직검사 결과 점막아래에 탄소 색소를 탐식한 대식세포의 침착을 확인하여 식도 탄분증으로 진단한 증례를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고한다.
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李宗律 東義大學校 地域社會開發硏究所 1986 공공정책연구 Vol.2 No.-
The point of the problem to skeletonize the people's sovereignty, which has taken place in today's constitutional reality, was the inversive phenomena of the world of consciousness of the people resulting from the dual relation structure that the people and the government stand against each other. As I viewed the problem of skeletonization of the people's sovereignty in that light, I set up a correlation between the problem of the people's sovereignty of today and the concept of the people's sovereignty. And the structure of the paper is as follows; (1) To briefly analyze and examine the point that the principle of the perple's sovereignty itself had an ideology in genetic point of view and through the dispute of the people's sovereignty at the French Revolution. (2) To consider the point that the cause of estrangement between the concept of the people's sovereignty and the constitutional reality of today came from the dual relation structure itself that the people stand against the national power. (3) To critically consider under these circumstances whether the concepts of the people's sovereignty in majority opinion are scientific or ideological concepts. (4) To reach the conclusion that I myself show a narrow way to reorganize the concept of the people's sovereignty.
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이종율,한장덕,이남구 安東初級大學 1978 安東初級大學 論文集 Vol.1 No.1
I. Introduction In the developing country, the various kinds of the problems of the farmers, farming and. rural community are always integrated and returned essentanlly to the problems of the farmers` self-determination wills and abilities in spite of the differences of theirranges and properties. If these implications are the structural properties of their problems, we should find out the cue for the solution to these problems in the structures of them in accordance with their properties. Therefore, the method and process for this solution might be constructural. The movement of 'Saemaul' in the rural community which was integrated such miscellaneous impulses and attempts, to modernize their community for the farmers themselvea that it might be guiding spirit for them, has been brought about successful effects by the vigorous and. convincing type of the leaders in the community. At the present day, a little more than 15 years have been passed since the begining of the movement-1960s, several serious questions may be raised in terms of what and how of the movement in its second stage. To guarantee it long continuance and get high degree of its efficiency, it is necessary to take the structure in which. the movement will be organized and progressed by the farmers themselves in the rural community. If it is so, the ways for dealing with this questior. should be depended partly on the educational method and process for them, and partly on the self-governmental system and its progression by themselves. Therefore, we intended to establish (1) the acceptable organization of the education for themselves, ( 2) the understandable process of it by themselves and (3) its` applicable system in their daily lives for themselves to meet their needs, and then intended (1) to develop the roles of the village assembly (Dong-Hoi 洞會), ( 2) to systemize the organization for the inhabitants` pullic workings, (3) to develop the process of their group activiti (4) to develop the structure of their cooperative relations in ea group and (5) to develop their leaderships and memberships throug the process of their group activities in their community. These purposes were principally caused by the needs that the movement should. be converted from, the guiding system leaded by some elites of the village to tee self-governmental system which might be carried out by the participations of whole members through their decision making processes in their vallage. II. The Hypotheses of This Study This study is composed of three hypotheses which derived fro the background as stated above. They were as follows; 1) It may be effectuate to take the proper correlations in each group`s activities for their education through the adjustment of its opportunities, curricula and processese. 2) It may be necessary to concentrate the various kinds of educaions on the development of their self-governmental abilities in t second stage of the "saemaul" movement. 3) At the same time, it may be reasonable to convert from the guiding system for the movement to the self-governmental system of whole members for it in this stage. III. The Purposes of This Study Re had devised a trial model of the education for the inhabitants which had been based on the hypotheses and background as stated above. It was composed of each group educational system, ie., farmer`s women`s) youth`s and leader`s, which had adjusted their opportunities, processes and curricula in order to effectuate and keep up the "Saemaul" movement in the rural community. We drew up the plan to practice the education for whole farmers and women in their village by the tour lectures and field training programs, and the educations for the leaders and youths in our college by the short-term course of study by lodging together, and the gatherings for their training and reporting activities in our college by these programs. We intended to apply the model into the collected village communities, examine its effects according to the purposes of it, and then to devise proper one to prompt the spread of it into the rural communities. application of the model. (원문에서 누락) 4) To devise the proper programs for each groups` education for next stage. VI. The Model of the First Year Education We devised the model for the education of the inhabitants in the village communities in order to accomplish the first year purposes according to the planning for three years. It was as follows; The main Schedule The Guide Plan for the Group Activities ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) VII. The View-Points and Instruments for Analyses of Effects The ranges of the view-points to analyze the effects of the application of the trial model were composed of (1) the inhabitant`s direct or indirect responses for the education, (2) the possibilities of the changing for better atitudes and (3) that of the structures and environments of their lives, for the ways to analyze the effects, we devised the following items; 1) to examine the inhabitants` responses for the questionnaires. 2) To appraise the levels of the participant`s understandings, questionings and replyings in the education for them. 3) To investigate the participating rates in the education. 4) To evaluate the effects by hearings of the oppinions of the leaders` groups 5) To investigate the inhabitants` public opinions in the village communities. 6) To evaluate the effects by the arranged lists. VIII. The Results of Application to the Trial Model for the First Year In order to evaluate the effects of application of the trial model for the first year, We made use of the statistical analyses of them, and on the other hand, we also made use of the methods to approach the relative and synthetic understandings to tide over the dangers to get into the short-omings of the statistical analyses. First of all for setting in array their main effects, they were as follows; 1) The main Responses of the Inhabitants (1) The Responses for the Necessity of the Short-term Training by Lodging Together ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) (2) The Intents to participate in the Next Education ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) (3) The responses for the Necessity of the Tour Lectures ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) (4) The Increase of the Participants for the Tour Lectures ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) (5) The Inhabitants` synthetic Responses for the Necessity of their Training ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) 2) The Inhabitants` Public opinion The inhabitants` public opinions for the effects of the educations in the village communities showed as the affirmative, favourable and attendant trends. But it was very hard for us to make them understanding of our purposes and motives of the education for them. 3) The Guidance for the Group Activities Some times, our efforts to guide and develop each croup activities had been confronted with the elements of the obstacles resulted from the weak memberships of the groups. First of all, it was not only difficult to choose and train the group leaders in the village community, but also to induce the participations of the members. But their recognitions of the necessities of the group activities and cooperations in them have been gradually raised by repeating their group activities. In the case of youths, their removals to cities and enlistments were considered as a serious problem for the development of their group activities. 4) The Case-studies on the Village Community Development In spite of the differences of the human resources and relations, the situations and environments, the soils and areas of the arable lands, the socio-economic conditions and structures, and the inner-structures of the village communities, the developmental processes and types of the scattered villages in the various parts of the community were identified as similar. For setting in array the common factors of them, (1) they have stayed too long in the leaders-centered self-governmental systems, (2) the levels of the wills and ideas of the members for their group activities were recognized as low, (3) their awakenings from their low socio-economic statuses and situations were regarded as weak, (4) the social inferiorities and complexes of the youths were considered as a serious social problem in the rural communities. But it is recognized as a light prospect that the leaders and youths completed the short-term course of study by lodging together have done the principal roles in the self-governmental activities for developments of their village communities. In the case of each village community, it may be synthetically evaluated that one of them did not accomplish the purposes of first year education for establishment of the foundational stage, (2) but six of them accomplished, (3) three of them only accomplished partially. VIV. Discussion and Problems Putting together the effects as stated above, it may be recognized that the basic purposes of the first year education for establishment of the foundational stage have been accomplished to a certain extent. But in the case of the education for farmers which is continuing for three years, at any rate, it is difficult to evaluate the effects of it for a year. Therefore, it must be unable to get rid of the faults of the short-terms` and mid-terms` evaluation. In this basis, we intended to evaluate the effects of it on the points of view as stated in the Chapter VII. According to these points of view, it will be evaluated that the education for the farmers was necessary, profitable and desirable one on the analysis of its effects. On the other hand, the suggested problems in the process of its` application were as follows; 1) In the case of youths, their removals to cities and enlistments were regarded as a serious problem for the development of their group activities as well as the inhabitants` self-governmental abilities, 2) In the case of the group activities, it was not only difficult to choose and train the group leaders, but also to induce participations of the members for them. 3) In the case of the education, it was very hard for up, to make the inhabitants understanding of our purposes and motives of the education for them, 4) In the case of the self-consciousnesses, the social inferiorities and complexes of the youths were considered as the serious social problems in the rural communities. 5) In the case of the self-governmental activities, it was recognized as the elements of the obstacles for progressing our programs that the awakenings of the inhabitants from their low socio-economic statuses and situations, and the levels of their wills and iedas for their group activities were identified as the low.
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