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일본 대도시의 공공하수도 보급에 따르는 수질 개선효과 분석
유을열 한국물환경학회 1992 한국물환경학회지 Vol.8 No.2
In this paper, attempts were made to analyze the effects of the construction of public sewerage systems on the water quality in public water areas and to evaluate the treatment efficiency with the inflow of industrial sewage in Japanese large cities. The findings of this study were as follows; 1. The water quality in the public water areas has gradually improved as with the increase in the treated-sewage ratio. 2. The treatment-efficiency has not decreased though the industrial sewage flow into sewage treatment plants. 3. The attainment rate of environmental standard does not improve proportional to the increase in the treated-sewage ratio of public sewerage systems since the 1980s. An increase in the amount of pollution load from the residential wastewater, prevents from increasing the attainment rate of environmental standard in the public water areas. This finding implies a need of designing the anti-pollution policies focused on the domestic sewage.
忠北 『生命의 숲』 造成成果와 環境性 提高를 爲한 "새천년손자숲"造成方案
柳乙烈,金洪殷,朴在仁 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2000 農業科學硏究 Vol.17 No.-
Since 1996 the government of Chungbuk province has established and managed "Forest for Lif" to enhance the environmental effects of forest on human life. In the year of 1998, "the National Campaign for Establishing Forests for Life" in initiated nationally as a civil movement. In this study, the achievements of "Forests for Life" in Chungbuk province and "Forests for New Millenium Grandson", a new movement driven by the provincial government, were reviewed in terms of environmental science, public economy, forest policy and planning to maximize their environmental effects. The followings are suggested. Four ways of financial supports(fund-raising, donation of seedlings, provincial bond, and public fund) are suggested for running the movement. Among these methods, fund-raising is considered the most proper one. The establishment of model "Forests for New Millenium Grandson" is proposed in public land rather than private land in every city and county in Chungbuk area, after consideration of environmental factors such as soil and wind direction. Three type of "Forests for New Millenium Grandson", forested park, ecology Park, and urban park, are recommended to develop, and each park should have its optimum size due to the own environmental characteristics. Tree species recommended by Chungbuk Forestry Authorities and showing low susceptibility to pollutants are recommended to be planted for "Forests for New Millenium Grandson" movement. The following suggestions are recommended for better "Forests for New Millenium Grandson". 1) Environmental education should be spread to the general public for effective volunteering participation in tree planting. 2) As for enterprises, total control system combining afforestation performance and carbon dioxide output to induce to participate the movements. 3) In the case of selecting "the model company for environmental quality control", the Ministry of Environment authorities has suggested to include afforestation effort as a selecting criteria, Otherwise, the governor of the province should have full authority to select the winning company for environmental quality control.
柳乙烈 한국환경정책학회 1997 環境政策 Vol.5 No.1
Vast areas surrounding Daechong Reservoir have been designated as a Special Water Preservation Area in 1990, whereby a variety of regulation and conpensation programs for the residents in the areas have been applied, However, no legal mechanism has been setablished to implement the compensation programs, while specific regulatory measures are coercive to the local jurisdictions. As a result, the support programs have not been inplemented as expected. This situation may amount to so called 'regulatory taking', which means that the regulation goes too far without compensation. The supports that have been provided to the residents are small, evaluated in terms of the dependent revenues. of Okchon County. Specifically, major revenue sources such as local share taxes, central government subsidies, and provincial subsidies have been reduced since the designation of the Specia3 Water Preservation Area. For example, percapita annual subsidies for the Chongwon Boen, and Okchon area are no more than 1,178 won. Furthermore, the majority of subsidies have on invested into the physical facilities, rather than used for enhancing He income. Thus, the severe regulations should function as barrier to economic development of the local jurisdictions. Innovative policy measures are recommended to preserve the water quali1y in the areas. They include a variety of incentives benefiting the residents, the establishment of a tourism development that converts numerous non-point pollution sources to point sources, measures to reduce the swage discharge from folk herd, and the in introduction of environmental share taxes,