만성 정신분열증 환자에서 Paroxetine과 Haloperidol 병합투여시 정신병리증상과 Haloperidol, Reduced Haloperidol 혈중농도의 변화

한창수,이민수,김표한,Han, Chang Su,Lee, Min Soo,Kim, Pyo Han 대한생물정신의학회 1996 생물정신의학 Vol.3 No.2

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs), as haloperidol, ore metabolized in the cytochrome P450IID6. They can cause inhibition of metabolism of antipsychotics to elevate the serum level of antipsychotics and exacerbate the extrapyramidal symptoms when co-administered with antipsychotics. Among these SSRIs, there ore a few studies about paroxetine compared to fluoxetine or sertraline. In this study, we have intended to know the drug interaction of paroxetine and haloperidol when co-administered two drugs for the chronic schizophrenics by assessing the changes of positive, negative symptoms and extrapyramidal symptoms. for this purpose, we selected 29 subjects, the chronic schizophrenics with no physical problems. They were under maintenance therapy of haloperidol. They ore randomly assigned to placebo group(n=12) and drug group(n=17) by using double blind method. And then, placebo or paroxetine 20mg were administered to the subjects of each groups during 8 week period. We have assessed their psychopathology and extrapyramidal symptoms using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS), Hamilton Rating Scale lor Depression(HRSD), Simpson-Angus Scale at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks and serum haloperidol, reduced haloperidol levels at 0, 4, 8 weeks during the period. The results ore analysed by using repeated measure MANOVA. 27 subjects have completed the study during 8 weeks. among the subjects, 1) PANSS, HRSD ; no significant difference between groups. 2) Simpson-Angus Scale ; no significant change according to the time and no significant difference between the groups(no group and time effect). 3) Haloperidol and reduced haloperidol level ; no significant change. When co-administered paroxetine and haloperidol, there ore no significant changes of the psychopothology and no significant changes of the extrapyramidal symptoms. In this result, paroxetine seems to be not to affect the metabolism of haloperidol.

비정질상인 Ti₅Si₃ MA분말의 가압소결 동안 소결체의 치밀화 촉진현상 요인에 대한 조사

한창석,진성윤,권혁구,Han, Chang-Suk,Jin, Sung-Yooun,Kwon, Hyuk-Ku 한국재료학회 2020 한국재료학회지 Vol.30 No.6

In this study, factors considered to be causes of promotion of densification of sintered pellets identified during phase change are reviewed. As a result, conclusions shown below are obtained for each factor. In order for MA powder to soften, a temperature of 1,000 K or higher is required. In order to confirm the temporary increase in density throughout the sintered pellet, the temperature rise due to heat during phase change was found not to have a significant effect. While examining the thermal expansion using the compressed powder, which stopped densification at a temperature below the MA powder itself, and the phase change temperature, no shrinkage phenomenon contributing to the promotion of densification is observed. The two types of powder made of Ti-silicide through heat treatment are densified only in the high temperature region of 1,000 K or more; it can be estimated that this is the effect of fine grain superplasticity. In the densification of the amorphous powder, the dependence of sintering pressure and the rate of temperature increase are shown. It is thought that the specific densification behavior identified during the phase change of the Ti-37.5 mol.%Si composition MA powder reviewed in this study is the result of the acceleration of the powder deformation by the phase change from non-equilibrium phase to equilibrium phase.

열 플라즈마 인가 전류변화에 의한 ZrVFe 합금 나노분말의 제조특성에 관한 연구

한창석(Chang-Mik Han),정민희(Min-Hee Jung),김헌창(Heon-Chang Kim) 호서대학교 공업기술연구소 2007 공업기술연구 논문집 Vol.26 No.1

Plasma Display Panel (PDP), among various FPD’s, is considered as the most promising candidate for large area display due to its manufacturing process appropriate for a large displaying area, and a good display quality. The getter which can be continuously absorbed and eliminated the generated impurities gas such as O 2 , H 2 , CO, etc. from MgO, barrier rib and fluorescent substances during operation, should be installed in the PDP cell. As a result of install getter in the cell, we could obtain the extending the life time of the PDP with a good display quality. To manufacture getter possessing excellent absorption efficiency, it was produced particles of nano size. In this research, alloy nano powders are synthesized by transferred thermal plasma process which is a promising method to produce composite nano powders of various metals, and also provides high temperature environment(104 K), extremely fast and intense chemical reactions. In this study, the thermal plasma system was operated in a transferred mode and the raw material was used Zr, V ,Fe (57 : 35.8 : 7.2) alloy of ingot type which made from arc melting method, and the produced particles were analyzed according to changing plasma input current range from 120[A] to 160[A] by SEM, EDS, PSA, XRD, BET, PSA (Particle Size Analyzer) and BET analysis of particles synthesized by changing thermal plasma input current. Average size of particles is from 83.2[nm] to 47.8[nm] smaller, in result, we confirmed difference of approximately 35[nm] in diameter of the synthesized particle according to increasing plasma input current because particles was rapidly condensate from difference in temperature of between plasma column area of a high temperature and surround area of plasma column. Result of BET analysis is in inverse proportion to PSA result which has small value of particle diameter by increasing plasma input current. In case of 120[A], BET surface area of particle is 100.9[m2/g],and surface area of particle in condition of 160[A] is 211.2[m2/g]. Thus, as increasing plasma input current, BET surface area of the synthesized particle is more extend.

Al-Mg-X (X=Cr, Si)합금의 기계적성질에 미치는 결정립크기와 시효조건의 영향

한창석 ( Chang-suk Han ),이찬우 ( Chan-woo Lee ) 한국열처리공학회 2023 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.36 No.2

In this study, the mechanical properties of the Al-Mg-X (X=Cr, Si) alloy, which clearly showed the influence of the specimen and grain size, were investigated by changing the specimen size extensively. In addition, the effect on the specimen size, grain size and aging condition on the mechanical properties of the grain refining alloy according to the addition of Cr was clarified, and the relationship between these factors was studied. As the specimen size decreased, the yield stress decreased and the fracture elongation increased. This change was evident in alloys with coarse grain sizes. Through FEM analysis, it was confirmed that the plastic deformation was localized in the parallel part of specimen S2. Therefore, when designing a tensile specimen of plate material, the W/L balance should be considered along with the radius of curvature of the shoulder. In the case of under-aged materials of alloys with coarse grain size, the fracture pattern changed from intergranular fracture to transgranular fracture as W/d decreased, and δ increased. This is due to the decrease in the binding force between grains due to the decrease in W. In the specimen with W/d > 40 or more, intergranular fracture occurred, and local elongation did not appear. Under-aged materials of alloys with fine grain size always had transgranular fracture over a wide range of W/d = 70~400. As W/d decreased, δ increased, but the change was not as large as that of alloys with coarse grain sizes. Compared to the under-aged material, the peak-aged material did not show significant dependence on the specimen size of σ_0.2 and δ. (Received February 10, 2023; Revised March 15, 2023; Accepted March 15, 2023)

김정한 소설어 연구 -민중성의 구현을 중심으로-

한창석 ( Chang Suk Han ) 한민족문화학회 2011 한민족문화연구 Vol.36 No.-

본고는 다음에 대략 네 가지 문제의식을 상정하고 이에 대한 답을 도출하고자 하였다. 첫째, 김정한의 소설어는 왜 창조가 아닌 복원인가? 김정한이 천착한 민중의 삶은 과거에서 현재까지 지속적인 것이었다. 허구나 전망이기 보다 증언이므로 신어나 조어가 아니라 삶의 모습을 복원하고 재현할 기존의 어휘를 소설어로 살려쓰기 위한 노력을 기울인다. 둘째, 김정한의 소설어는 왜 민중어인가? 민중의 삶을 증언하는 것은 민중의 언어로 이루어져야 한다. 아울러, 민중의 삶을 생동감 있게 증언하기 위해서는 추상어가 아닌 감각어, 생활어, 고유어로 이루어져야 한다. 셋째, 김정한의 소설어는 어떤 방식으로 작가의식의 구현에 기여하는가? ① 민중의 조락상(凋落相)의 증언; 빈궁어의 전경화 ② 민중어의 갈래; 속담과 관용어/한자성어/고유어/감각어/종교어 ③ 민중과 반(反)민중의 이분법; 구체성과 연대성 넷째, 민중과 반(反)민중의 대립구도는 어떻게 규정되는가? 민중을 수탈하고 질곡으로 몰아넣는 계급(일제, 친일파, 지주, 부패승려, 권력층)은 반민중성을 지닌다. 그런데 김정한 소설에는 반(反)민중의 역할을 수행하는 인물군의 경우에도 계급적으로는 민중의 일원인 경우가 나타난다. 따라서 반민중적 인물은 지위나 신분이 아닌 역할에 따라 판별해야 할 것이다. This manuscript is about to come up the following four kinds of the consciousness of question and obtain the answer for that. 1. What Kim chung han`s novel language is called not creation but restoration for? The populace life that Kim chung han has scrutinized is continuous up to the present time from the past. As it is a testimony to a fabrication or a prospect. The existing language reappearing and restoring their original looks rather than the need for new vocabulary to be selected as the novel language. 2. Why is Kim chung han`s novel language called as the populace language? Testifying the populace language. In addition, to testify the populace life actively. It has to be established not as an abstract language but a sensual language, a living language and their own language. 3.What`s split for language inquire into Kim chung han`s writer`s consciousness? This manuscript describe it separately as follows ① The testimony of a populace`s withering situation: The aspect of poor language. ② The restoration of a populace`s language: a proverb and idiom/idiom/chinese proverb/a existing language/a sensual language/religion language. ③ The bisect method between the populace and anti- the populace: the confrontation expression on a person and the situation. 4. Can the composition of confrontation between the populace and anti-the populace be shown effectively or pertinently? the concept language of the anti-the populace should be careful to adapt generally in the range and the standard of using, because in case of the persons performing the role of the anti-populace in work, the birth might be belonged to the members of the populace. accordingly, It is reasonable to get through the composition of confrontation with the bisect method of the populace under the key point of the role of an exploiter and a person deprived.

Ag로 치환한 L1₂형 구조를 갖는 Al₃Ti합금의 미세구조와 경도변화

한창석(Chang-Suk Han),임승인(Seung-In Lim) 호서대학교 공업기술연구소 2024 공업기술연구 논문집 Vol.43 No.1

DO₂₂ 결정구조를 갖는 Al₃Ti에서 생성된 L1₂ 결정구조를 갖는 금속간화합물은 낮은 밀도, 높은 융점, 우수한 내산화성 및 기대되는 연성 때문에 고온 구조재료로서 많은 관심을 주목받고 있다. L1₂ 결정구조를 갖는 금속간화합물의 저온 연성뿐만 아니라 크리프 강도를 개선하기 위해서는 고용체 강화 및 거시적인 구조개선과 결합된 석출강화가 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 고온에서 퀜칭 후 시효처리 동안 Ag로 치환된 L1₂ 결정구조를 갖는 Al₃Ti의 미세구조 변화에 대하여 투과전자현미경 (TEM)을 이용하여 체계적으로 조사하였으며, 고온에서 급냉 후 시효처리에 따른 경도변화와 미세구조 변화를 조사하였다. 시효처리 경화 및 시효처리 연화는 더 높은 온도에서 퀜칭 후 시효처리에 의해서 L1₂-(Al,Ag)₃Ti에 판상형인 (Al,Ag)₂Ti가 석출물로서 석출하였다. Ga2Hf형 구조를 갖는 판상형태인 (Al,Ag)₂Ti 상은 1563 K에서 퀜칭시킨 후 1073 K정도의 온도에서 시효처리 되어 L1₂-(Al,Ag)₃Ti 모상에 석출되며, (Al,Ag)₂Ti 석출물과 (Al,Ag)₃Ti 모상사이의 방위관계는 (001)석출물//(001)모상, [100]석출물//[100]모상 및 판상//{100}모상 이다. Intermetallic compounds with L1₂ crystal structure produced from Al₃Ti with DO22 crystal structure have attracted much attention as high temperature structural materials due to their low density, high melting point, good oxidation resistance and expected ductility. In order to improve the creep strength as well as low temperature ductility of intermetallics with L1₂ crystal structure, precipitation strengthening combined with solid solution strengthening and macroscopic structure improvement is essential. In this paper, the microstructure changes of Al₃Ti with Ag-substituted L1₂ crystal structure during aging treatment after quenching at high temperature were systematically investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the hardness changes and microstructure changes due to aging treatment after quenching at high temperature were investigated. Aging hardening and aging softening resulted in the precipitation of plate-like (Al,Ag)₂Ti on L1₂-(Al,Ag)₃Ti as a precipitate by aging after quenching at higher temperatures. The plate-like (Al,Ag)₂Ti phase with Ga2Hf-type structure is quenched at 1563 K and then aged at a temperature of about 1073 K to precipitate on the L1₂-(Al,Ag)₃Ti matrix, and the orientation relationships between the (Al,Ag)₂Ti precipitate and the (Al,Ag)₃Ti matrix are (001)precipitate//(001)matrix, [100]precipitate//[100]matrix, and plate//{100}matrix.

임상간호사의 역할지각 및 직무만족에 관한 연구

한창복(Chang Bok Han),문희자(Heui Ja Mun) 한국간호행정학회 1996 간호행정학회지 Vol.2 No.1

단면이 규칙적으로 변하는 미세유체 채널을 이용한 유전영동 기반의 박테리아 분리 장치에 대한 3D 시뮬레이션

한창호(Chang-Ho Han),김다민(Da Min Kim),송중현(Joong Hyun Song),정희원(Hee Won Chung),허진욱(Jin Uk Heo),장재성(Jaesung Jang) 대한기계학회 2014 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2014 No.11

Dielectrophoresis is one of the most effective technologies for separating a species of particle or cell from a heterogeneous bioparticle mixture in a microfluidic channel. If the frequency of an applied AC voltage is tuned properly, targeted particles can be concentrated in the device while the others thrown away due to the opposite direction of the applied dielectrophoretic forces between them. In this study, a 2D planar microelectrode pattern is located on the bottom, and the targeted bacteria are forced to move downward periodically due to the changing cross-sectional areas, thereby the bacteria concentrated on the electrodes. We conducted a 3D simulation of particle tracing with respect to the flow rate, and the applied peak-to-peak voltage for the calculation of particle collection efficiencies of the bacteria in the device, and we compared with those of the conventional microseparator.

IB 역사교육 프로그램을 적용한 실제 수업의 시행과 분석 -D.I.S.C 수업-

한창호 ( Han Chang-ho ) 경상대학교 교육연구원 2022 현대교육연구 Vol.34 No.2

본 연구는 IB 역사교육 프로그램에 제시된 수업 방법을 실제 고등학교 현장 수업에 적용한 뒤 이를 분석하여 앞으로 우리나라 학교 현장에서 적용할 수 있는 시사점을 얻는 것을 목표로 한다. IB 역사교육 프로그램에서는 목표, 주요 개념 요소, 지도 방법, 단원 계획 등을 구체적으로 제시하고 있다. IB 역사교육 프로그램은 기능, 지식·이해, 태도의 세 가지 영역으로 목표가 세분화되어 있으며, 6가지의 주요 개념 요소(변화, 연속성, 원인, 결과, 중요성, 관점)와 지도 방법을 제시하고 있다. IB 역사교육 프로그램에서는 전 세계에서 발발한 사건을 중심으로 구성된 사례 학습을 주로 실시한다. 본문에서는 IB 교육과정의 특징을 담고 있는 수업 중 하나인 D.I.S.C 수업을 학교 현장에 적용하여 수업한 뒤 그 결과를 제시하고 분석하였다. IB 역사교육 프로그램에서 제시된 수업 방법인 D.I.S.C 수업을 학교 현장에서 시행하고 이를 분석한 결과, 향후 우리나라 역사교육에 대해 제언하자면 다음과 같다. 첫번째는 우리나라 역사교육 목표의 세분화다. 우리나라 ‘한국사’ 교육은 현재 과목의 특성을 분석하여 종합적으로 인식, 현대사회를 역사적으로 인식, 역사적 사고력 향상 등을 목표로 제시하고 있다. 이러한 목표를 기능적인 측면, 지식·이해의 측면, 태도의 측면 등 세분화하여 제시한다면 학생들은 더욱 효율적으로 역사교육 목표를 달성할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 두 번째는 다양한 수업 방식을 도입하는 것이다. 우리나라 고등학교에서 가르치는 역사 과목은 통사를 중심으로 교과서가 구성되어 있다. 통사중심의 역사 수업은 기본적인 역사 지식과 연대기 파악력과 같은 역사적 사고력을 습득하기 쉽지만 많은 양으로 인해 학생들이 역사에 관해 흥미를 잃을 수 있다는 단점을 지니고 있다. 본문에서 분석한 D.I.S.C 수업과 같은 다양한 수업 방식의 도입은 이러한 단점을 보완해줄 것으로 생각된다. The major purpose of this research, obtain implications that can be applied in the future by applying the teaching methods presented in the IB history education program to actual high school field classes and analyzing them. The IB history education program is structured into three sections: function, knowledge and understanding, and attitude, and includes six major conceptual aspects (change, continuity, cause, result, importance, and perspective) as well as teaching methods. The IB history education program mainly conducts case studies based on events that have occurred around the world. In this research, the D.I.S.C class, one of the classes that contains the characteristics of the IB curriculum, was applied to the school field classes and the results were presented and analyzed. Based on the analysis, the following are recommendations for future Korean history education. The first is the segmentation of Korean history education goals. Currently, Korean history education Focused on comprehensive recognition, historical recognition of modern society, and improvement of historical thinking ability. By presenting these goals in terms of functional, knowledge/understanding, and attitude, it is expected that students will be able to achieve the goals of history education more effectively. The second is to introduce various teaching methods. Textbooks for history subjects taught in high schools in South Korea are composed mainly of chronicle. History classes centered on chronicle make it easier for students to acquire basic historical knowledge and historical thinking skills such as the ability to understand passage of time, but they have the disadvantage that a large number of students may lose interest in history. The introduction of various teaching methods, such as the D.I.S.C class analyzed in this research, is thought to compensate for this shortcoming.

3원계 Al-Cu-Sc합금의 시효처리과정에서 석출한 θ′ 및 Al₃Sc 석출물의 성장에 미치는 Sc 및 Cu의 영향

한창석(Chang-Suk Han),심우빈(Woo-Bin Sim) 호서대학교 공업기술연구소 2023 공업기술연구 논문집 Vol.42 No.1

Sc를 소량 첨가한 알루미늄합금은 시효처리를 통하여 뚜렷한 경화현상이 나타난다. Sc가 Al에 용해되는 용해도는 매우 작지만, 이 합금계에서 시효경화는 모상에 정합으로 격자정수가 약간 다른 L12형 규칙상인 평형상 Al₃Sc가 구상으로 미세하게 석출하기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 Al-2.5 mass%Cu-0.23 mass%Sc인 3원 합금이 시효처리 과정에서 발생하는 2종류의 석출물인 θ′ 및 Al₃Sc에 대하여 각각의 석출물 위에 불균일한 석출과 이와 같은 석출물의 성장에 미치는 Sc 및 Cu의 영향에 대하여 투과형 전자현미경을 이용하여 관찰한 결과를 바탕으로 검토하였다. θ′-Al₂Cu 및 Al₃Sc의 성장은 확산율속으로 진행되며, 오스트왈드 성장법칙에 따른다. θ′-Al₂Cu 위에 Al₃Sc가 불균일하게 석출되는 것은 θ′-Al₂Cu가 성장하여 θ′-Al₂Cu/모상 계면에 형성된 계면전위 부분으로 Sc원자가 이동하기 때문이다. 그리고 Al₃Sc 위에 θ′-Al₂Cu가 불균일하게 석출하는 것은 Al₃Sc/모상계면에 형성된 계면전위 부분으로 Cu원자가 이동하기 때문이다. Aluminum alloys with a small amount of Sc added show a distinct hardening phenomenon through aging. Although the solubility of Sc in Al is very small, age hardening in this alloy system is due to the fine precipitation of the equilibrium phase Al₃Sc into the spheroids, which is the L12-type regular phase with slightly different lattice coefficients in agreement with the parent phase. In this study, two types of precipitates, θ′ and Al₃Sc, formed during the aging process of a ternary alloy with Al-2.5 mass%Cu-0.23 mass%Sc, were examined based on the inhomogeneous precipitation on each precipitate and the effects of Sc and Cu on the growth of these precipitates, which were observed using a transmission electron microscope. The growth of θ′-Al₂Cu and Al₃Sc proceeds at the rate of diffusion and follows the Ostwald growth law. The uneven precipitation of Al₃Sc on θ′-Al₂Cu is due to the growth of θ′-Al₂Cu and the migration of Sc atoms to the interface potential formed at the θ′-Al₂Cu/modified phase interface. And the uneven precipitation of θ′-Al₂Cu on Al₃Sc is due to the migration of Cu atoms to the interface potential formed at the Al₃Sc/matrix interface.