Al-Mg-X (X=Cr, Si)합금의 기계적성질에 미치는 결정립크기와 시효조건의 영향

한창석 ( Chang-suk Han ),이찬우 ( Chan-woo Lee ) 한국열처리공학회 2023 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.36 No.2

In this study, the mechanical properties of the Al-Mg-X (X=Cr, Si) alloy, which clearly showed the influence of the specimen and grain size, were investigated by changing the specimen size extensively. In addition, the effect on the specimen size, grain size and aging condition on the mechanical properties of the grain refining alloy according to the addition of Cr was clarified, and the relationship between these factors was studied. As the specimen size decreased, the yield stress decreased and the fracture elongation increased. This change was evident in alloys with coarse grain sizes. Through FEM analysis, it was confirmed that the plastic deformation was localized in the parallel part of specimen S2. Therefore, when designing a tensile specimen of plate material, the W/L balance should be considered along with the radius of curvature of the shoulder. In the case of under-aged materials of alloys with coarse grain size, the fracture pattern changed from intergranular fracture to transgranular fracture as W/d decreased, and δ increased. This is due to the decrease in the binding force between grains due to the decrease in W. In the specimen with W/d > 40 or more, intergranular fracture occurred, and local elongation did not appear. Under-aged materials of alloys with fine grain size always had transgranular fracture over a wide range of W/d = 70~400. As W/d decreased, δ increased, but the change was not as large as that of alloys with coarse grain sizes. Compared to the under-aged material, the peak-aged material did not show significant dependence on the specimen size of σ_0.2 and δ. (Received February 10, 2023; Revised March 15, 2023; Accepted March 15, 2023)

열 플라즈마 인가 전류변화에 의한 ZrVFe 합금 나노분말의 제조특성에 관한 연구

한창석(Chang-Mik Han),정민희(Min-Hee Jung),김헌창(Heon-Chang Kim) 호서대학교 공업기술연구소 2007 공업기술연구 논문집 Vol.26 No.1

Plasma Display Panel (PDP), among various FPD’s, is considered as the most promising candidate for large area display due to its manufacturing process appropriate for a large displaying area, and a good display quality. The getter which can be continuously absorbed and eliminated the generated impurities gas such as O 2 , H 2 , CO, etc. from MgO, barrier rib and fluorescent substances during operation, should be installed in the PDP cell. As a result of install getter in the cell, we could obtain the extending the life time of the PDP with a good display quality. To manufacture getter possessing excellent absorption efficiency, it was produced particles of nano size. In this research, alloy nano powders are synthesized by transferred thermal plasma process which is a promising method to produce composite nano powders of various metals, and also provides high temperature environment(104 K), extremely fast and intense chemical reactions. In this study, the thermal plasma system was operated in a transferred mode and the raw material was used Zr, V ,Fe (57 : 35.8 : 7.2) alloy of ingot type which made from arc melting method, and the produced particles were analyzed according to changing plasma input current range from 120[A] to 160[A] by SEM, EDS, PSA, XRD, BET, PSA (Particle Size Analyzer) and BET analysis of particles synthesized by changing thermal plasma input current. Average size of particles is from 83.2[nm] to 47.8[nm] smaller, in result, we confirmed difference of approximately 35[nm] in diameter of the synthesized particle according to increasing plasma input current because particles was rapidly condensate from difference in temperature of between plasma column area of a high temperature and surround area of plasma column. Result of BET analysis is in inverse proportion to PSA result which has small value of particle diameter by increasing plasma input current. In case of 120[A], BET surface area of particle is 100.9[m2/g],and surface area of particle in condition of 160[A] is 211.2[m2/g]. Thus, as increasing plasma input current, BET surface area of the synthesized particle is more extend.

비정질상인 Ti₅Si₃ MA분말의 가압소결 동안 소결체의 치밀화 촉진현상 요인에 대한 조사

한창석,진성윤,권혁구,Han, Chang-Suk,Jin, Sung-Yooun,Kwon, Hyuk-Ku 한국재료학회 2020 한국재료학회지 Vol.30 No.6

In this study, factors considered to be causes of promotion of densification of sintered pellets identified during phase change are reviewed. As a result, conclusions shown below are obtained for each factor. In order for MA powder to soften, a temperature of 1,000 K or higher is required. In order to confirm the temporary increase in density throughout the sintered pellet, the temperature rise due to heat during phase change was found not to have a significant effect. While examining the thermal expansion using the compressed powder, which stopped densification at a temperature below the MA powder itself, and the phase change temperature, no shrinkage phenomenon contributing to the promotion of densification is observed. The two types of powder made of Ti-silicide through heat treatment are densified only in the high temperature region of 1,000 K or more; it can be estimated that this is the effect of fine grain superplasticity. In the densification of the amorphous powder, the dependence of sintering pressure and the rate of temperature increase are shown. It is thought that the specific densification behavior identified during the phase change of the Ti-37.5 mol.%Si composition MA powder reviewed in this study is the result of the acceleration of the powder deformation by the phase change from non-equilibrium phase to equilibrium phase.

만성 정신분열증 환자에서 Paroxetine과 Haloperidol 병합투여시 정신병리증상과 Haloperidol, Reduced Haloperidol 혈중농도의 변화

한창수,이민수,김표한,Han, Chang Su,Lee, Min Soo,Kim, Pyo Han 대한생물정신의학회 1996 생물정신의학 Vol.3 No.2

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs), as haloperidol, ore metabolized in the cytochrome P450IID6. They can cause inhibition of metabolism of antipsychotics to elevate the serum level of antipsychotics and exacerbate the extrapyramidal symptoms when co-administered with antipsychotics. Among these SSRIs, there ore a few studies about paroxetine compared to fluoxetine or sertraline. In this study, we have intended to know the drug interaction of paroxetine and haloperidol when co-administered two drugs for the chronic schizophrenics by assessing the changes of positive, negative symptoms and extrapyramidal symptoms. for this purpose, we selected 29 subjects, the chronic schizophrenics with no physical problems. They were under maintenance therapy of haloperidol. They ore randomly assigned to placebo group(n=12) and drug group(n=17) by using double blind method. And then, placebo or paroxetine 20mg were administered to the subjects of each groups during 8 week period. We have assessed their psychopathology and extrapyramidal symptoms using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS), Hamilton Rating Scale lor Depression(HRSD), Simpson-Angus Scale at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks and serum haloperidol, reduced haloperidol levels at 0, 4, 8 weeks during the period. The results ore analysed by using repeated measure MANOVA. 27 subjects have completed the study during 8 weeks. among the subjects, 1) PANSS, HRSD ; no significant difference between groups. 2) Simpson-Angus Scale ; no significant change according to the time and no significant difference between the groups(no group and time effect). 3) Haloperidol and reduced haloperidol level ; no significant change. When co-administered paroxetine and haloperidol, there ore no significant changes of the psychopothology and no significant changes of the extrapyramidal symptoms. In this result, paroxetine seems to be not to affect the metabolism of haloperidol.

김정한 소설어 연구 -민중성의 구현을 중심으로-

한창석 ( Chang Suk Han ) 한민족문화학회 2011 한민족문화연구 Vol.36 No.-

본고는 다음에 대략 네 가지 문제의식을 상정하고 이에 대한 답을 도출하고자 하였다. 첫째, 김정한의 소설어는 왜 창조가 아닌 복원인가? 김정한이 천착한 민중의 삶은 과거에서 현재까지 지속적인 것이었다. 허구나 전망이기 보다 증언이므로 신어나 조어가 아니라 삶의 모습을 복원하고 재현할 기존의 어휘를 소설어로 살려쓰기 위한 노력을 기울인다. 둘째, 김정한의 소설어는 왜 민중어인가? 민중의 삶을 증언하는 것은 민중의 언어로 이루어져야 한다. 아울러, 민중의 삶을 생동감 있게 증언하기 위해서는 추상어가 아닌 감각어, 생활어, 고유어로 이루어져야 한다. 셋째, 김정한의 소설어는 어떤 방식으로 작가의식의 구현에 기여하는가? ① 민중의 조락상(凋落相)의 증언; 빈궁어의 전경화 ② 민중어의 갈래; 속담과 관용어/한자성어/고유어/감각어/종교어 ③ 민중과 반(反)민중의 이분법; 구체성과 연대성 넷째, 민중과 반(反)민중의 대립구도는 어떻게 규정되는가? 민중을 수탈하고 질곡으로 몰아넣는 계급(일제, 친일파, 지주, 부패승려, 권력층)은 반민중성을 지닌다. 그런데 김정한 소설에는 반(反)민중의 역할을 수행하는 인물군의 경우에도 계급적으로는 민중의 일원인 경우가 나타난다. 따라서 반민중적 인물은 지위나 신분이 아닌 역할에 따라 판별해야 할 것이다. This manuscript is about to come up the following four kinds of the consciousness of question and obtain the answer for that. 1. What Kim chung han`s novel language is called not creation but restoration for? The populace life that Kim chung han has scrutinized is continuous up to the present time from the past. As it is a testimony to a fabrication or a prospect. The existing language reappearing and restoring their original looks rather than the need for new vocabulary to be selected as the novel language. 2. Why is Kim chung han`s novel language called as the populace language? Testifying the populace language. In addition, to testify the populace life actively. It has to be established not as an abstract language but a sensual language, a living language and their own language. 3.What`s split for language inquire into Kim chung han`s writer`s consciousness? This manuscript describe it separately as follows ① The testimony of a populace`s withering situation: The aspect of poor language. ② The restoration of a populace`s language: a proverb and idiom/idiom/chinese proverb/a existing language/a sensual language/religion language. ③ The bisect method between the populace and anti- the populace: the confrontation expression on a person and the situation. 4. Can the composition of confrontation between the populace and anti-the populace be shown effectively or pertinently? the concept language of the anti-the populace should be careful to adapt generally in the range and the standard of using, because in case of the persons performing the role of the anti-populace in work, the birth might be belonged to the members of the populace. accordingly, It is reasonable to get through the composition of confrontation with the bisect method of the populace under the key point of the role of an exploiter and a person deprived.

Two-Facing-Targets 스퍼터장치로 제작한 Ti-Al 합금박막의 성질에 미치는 증착 온도 및 박막 두께의 영향

한창석(Chang-Suk Han) 호서대학교 공업기술연구소 2012 공업기술연구 논문집 Vol.31 No.1

본 연구에서는, TFT형 DC 마그네트론 스퍼터링 장치를 사용하여 실온 및 573~773 K의 온도로 기판을 가열하여 Ti-Al 금속간화합물 박막을 제작하였다. 2원계 Ti-A1 합금화타겟의 조성은 Ti-rich (75Ti-25Al(atm%)), 화학양론 조성 (50Ti-50A](atm%)) 및 Al-rich(25Ti-75Al(atm%))이다. 제작한 Ti-A]박막의 결정화 및 상변태에 대하여 XRD. FE-SEM 및 TEM을 이용하여 조사하였다. 열처리에 의한 상변태는 Ti-rich의 경우. ff-Ti+Ti3Al->ff-Ti+Ti3Al. 화학양론조성의 경우, amorphous/Ti + (A D ^T iA l+Ti2Al5 + Ti3A l, Aト r ic h 의 경우. A1+(TU/TiAla/TiWrᅳ아 TiAl3/T i2Al/TiAl3이다. 전자선 회절분석 결과와 X선 회절결과는 잘 일치하였으며, 결정화된 상과 미세경도에 대해서 고찰하였다. In the present study, li- A l mtermetallic compound thin film s were deposited both at room temperature and at elevated substrate temperatures of 573 to 773 K by using a two-facing-targets-type D C sputtering system. Atomic compositions o f the binary Ti-Al alloy targets are Ti-rich(75Ti-25Al(atm%)), stoichiometry(50Ti-50A1(atm%)) and Al-rich(25Ti-75Al(atm%)). The crystallization processes and phase transformaticMis o f Ti-Al thin film s were investigated by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and transmissicm electron microscopy. Phase transformations during annealing treatment are a -Ti+Ti3A l—^ a -Ti +TisAl for Ti-rich film s, amorphous/Ti+(A1)나 T iA I+ T i2A ls+ T i3A l for stoichiometry and A l + (Ti)/TiAl2^Ti2A l5-^ a T iA l3/Ti2AI/TiAl3 for Al-rich films. The analyses o f the selected area electron diffraction patterns were in accord with X-ray diffraction results. The above results are discussed in terms o f crystallized phases and microhardness.

국내 기공관련 무작위 임상연구에 대한 현황 검토

한창현 ( Chang Hyun Han ),이상남 ( Sang Nam Lee ),박지하 ( Ji Ha Park ),안상우 ( Sang Woo Ahn ) 대한경락경혈학회 2009 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.26 No.1

Background: Qigong is an energy-healing intervention used to prevent and cure ailments and to improve health through regular practice. Although qigong-neither itself nor its postulated mechanism of action-are within the paradigm of modern Western medical science, its effects on the human body could be possible. Objectives: This study aims to review the bibliography, biological responses and therapeutic effects of Qigong. In the process, this review will grasp trends in this field of studies and will direct further researches into the right direction. Method: The computerized Korean databases were searched from their respective inceptions up to January 2008. The search terms used were `qi`, `qigong`, `doin`, `training`, `bioenergy`, `life nurturing` and random or Korean language terms related to qigong. Several specialized journals were also manually searched for relevant articles. Result: Since the 1990s, Qigong papers in the Korean Literature are increased. The articles on Korean traditional medicine had been published more than those on physical education or nursing etc. However, since the majority of the trials determine questionnaire, it was difficult to determine the efficacy of a specific intervention. The methodological quality of the trials was generally low (Jadad score: mean, 1.3; range, 1 to 4), questioning their reliability. Conclusions: More profound studies for Qigong are needed. Further rigorous clinical trials with more objective outcome measures that include sham procedures should be performed. Specifically, we think it should be clinical studies and qualitative research methods for evaluation are needed.

임상간호사의 역할지각 및 직무만족에 관한 연구

한창복(Chang Bok Han),문희자(Heui Ja Mun) 한국간호행정학회 1996 간호행정학회지 Vol.2 No.1

고온에서 장시간 가열에 따른 Ni-base 주조합금의 조직변화 및 금속온도 측정방법에 관한 검토

한창석(Chang-Suk Han) 호서대학교 공업기술연구소 2020 공업기술연구 논문집 Vol.39 No.2

복합 발전소의 열효율 개선을 위해 주요 장비인 가스터빈은 고온화가 진행되고 있다. 이것을 신뢰성 있게 운용하기 위해서는 고온부품의 금속온도를 높은 정밀도로 측정하는 것이 필요하다. 그래서 고온에서 장시간 동안 가열하는 것에 따라 동반되는 금속조직 변화에 주목한 금속온도 추정에 대해 검토를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 터빈 고온부품에 사용되는 γ 상 석출강화형 Ni-base 주조합금에 대하여 γ 상 및 입계 탄화물의 조대화 경향을 공식화 할 수 있었다. 또한 실제 장비의 고온부품의 금속온도 추정에 적용될 수 있다. In order to improve the thermal efficiency of complex power plants, gas turbines, which are the main equipment, are being heated. In order to operate this reliably, it is necessary to measure the metal temperature of a high temperature component with high precision. Therefore, a study was conducted on the estimation of metal temperature, which pays attention to changes in metal structure accompanying heating at a high temperature for a long time. As a result, it was possible to formulate the coarsening tendency of γ phase and grain boundary carbide for the γ phase precipitation-reinforced Ni-base main alloy used in turbine high temperature parts. It can also be applied to the estimation of the metal temperature of hot parts in actual equipment.

석장리 구석기유적 발굴의 학사적 의의

한창균(Chang-gyun Han) 한국구석기학회 2015 한국구석기학보 Vol.- No.31

1960년대 전반은 한국의 구석기고고학 연구에서 새로운 전환점이 이룩된 시기였다. 장덕리유적의 토탄층에서 출토한 털코끼리 화석을 비롯하여, 굴포리유적과 석장리유적의 고토양층에서 드러난 석기는 한국에 구석기 유적이 존재한다는 사실을 분명하게 입증하는 계기가 되었다. 그동안 석장리 구석기유적에서 얻은 발굴 성과는 한국 구석기문화의 전개 과정을 이해하는데 도움을 주었다. 반면에 유적의 형성 시기, 문화층의 연대 설정, 집자리의 성격, 석기의 분류 체계 등에 관해서는 아직도 논의가 지속되고 있다. 한편, 특히 1964~1973년까지 10 년 동안, 석장리유적에서 이루어진 다양한 연구 방법은 한국의 구석기유적을 자연과학적인 측면에서 접근하는데 크게 이바지하였다. 예를 들어, 생태유물을 대상으로 한 토양의 체분석과 산도 측정, 꽃가루 분석, 나무 숯의 수종 분석, 방사성탄소연대측정법 등과 같은 일련의 자연과학 방법은 한국의 구석기고고학 연구에서 고고과학의 기초를 확립하는데 밑거름이 되었다고 말할 수 있다. 조사 현장과 실험실에서 이루어진 자연과학 방법의 응용과 더불어, 발굴 방법, 유물의 공간 분포 분석과 그에 따른 생활상 복원, 철저한 현장 기록과 체계적인 유물 정리, 구석기 관계 용어의 한글화 작업은 한국 선사고고학의 발달사에 있어 석장리 구석기유적의 발굴이 학사적인 관점에서 중요한 의의가 있음을 보여준다. The Korean Paleolithic study had a turning point in the early 1960s. In addition to mammoth fossils found in peat layers at the Jangdeok-ri site, lithic materials revealed in paleosol deposits at the Gulpo-ri site and the Seokjang-ri site provided definite evidences for corroborating the existence of the Paleolithic Age in Korea. The achievements from excavations at the Seokjang-ri site provided important materials for understanding development process of the Korean Paleolithic culture. However, researchers have been debating several important issues related to this site, such as the absolute date that the site formed, the chronology of cultural layers, the characteristics of dwellings, and the classifications of excavated lithics. On the other hand, particularly, various research and analytic methods, which was adopted in this site for ten years in 1964-1973, significantly contributed to the development of scientific approaches to the Korean Paleolithic sites. For example, scientific methods that had been conducted in this site to analyze ecofacts, which include sieve analysis, pH test, pollen analysis, charcoal identification, and radiocarbon dating etc., paved the way for establishing the foundation of archaeological science in Korean Paleolithic study. In addition to the application of scientific methods carried out in fields and laboratories, academic achievements of this site including the establishment of excavation methods, the reconstruction of living conditions based on spatial distribution patterns of artifacts, the making of detailed field notes, the systematic arrangement of artifacts, and the translation of foreign terms in Paleolithic archaeology to Korean clearly show the significance of excavations of the Seokjang-ri site in the development history of the Korean prehistoric archaeology.