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최창영(Chang Young Choi) 한국형사소송법학회 2010 형사소송 이론과 실무 Vol.2 No.1
2008. 1. 1. 시행된 신형사소송법은 인신구속제도 및 압수수색제도의 개선, 수사절차에서의 적법성 제고를 위한 여러 장치 등 수사와 관련된 절차를 정비하고, 공판준비절차와 증거개시제도를 도입하고 공판중심주의적 법정심리절차의 확립하기 위한 여러 규정들을 마련하고 있다. 신형사소송법 시행 후 2년 여가 지난 현 시점에서 신형사소송법 중 특히 공판절차와 관련된 부분을 중심으로, 피고인 측의 방어권이 보장되고 법원이 검사, 피고인과 변호인에게 충분한 변론의 기회를 보장하고 있는지, 공판정에서의 충실한 증거조사를 통하여 심증 형성이 이루어지고 있는지 여부 등을 점검하여 보았다. 공판 실무에서 신형사소송법의 목표하는 취지를 십분 살려서 운영되는 부분이 있는 반면, 그 개정 규정의 취지가 충분히 구현되지 못하고 있는 부분 또한 존재한다. 또한, 개정 과정에서 일부 제도의 개정이 누락됨으로써 신형사소송법의 정신이 충분히 구현되는 데에 장애가 되기도 한다. 첫째, 증거개시제도의 운영과 관련하여 검사가 수사기록목록이 아닌 증거목록의 열람․등사만을 허용하는 것은 신형사소송법 제266조의3의 취지에 반한다. 또한 목록의 개시는 증거개시의 기초이므로, 수사기록목록의 개시가 이루어지지 않는 경우 피고인 측으로서는 어떠한 내용의 증거가 존재하는지조차 알 수 없게 된다. 실무 운영방식의 개선이 필요하다. 둘째, 피고인 신문의 실시 시기 변경은 모두절차의 강화와 함께 공판중심주의의 실질적 강화에 기여한 것으로 평가할 수 있다. 공소장 일본주의의 원칙, 증거분리제출제도의 전면적 시행으로 법원이 공소장과 피고인 의견서에 기재된 내용만을 파악한 후 제1회 공판절차를 진행하게 된 결과, 검사와 피고인, 변호인의 모두진술, 쟁점정리 등이 실질적으로 이루어질 수 있게 되었고, 객관적, 개방적 입장에서 피고인의 답변을 청취하고 증거조사를 실시하는 실무운영이 널리 자리잡게 되었다. 증거조사가 완료된 이후의 피고인 신문은 대부분 생략되거나 변호인의 양형에 관한 신문으로 대체되게 되었다. 셋째, 영상녹화물의 조사와 조사자 증언도 적절한 선에서 활용되고 있다. 신형사소송법 개정 과정에서의 입법자의 결단에도 불구하고 여전히 영상녹화물을 본증으로 사용할 수 있다는 견해도 있으나, 해석론으로서는 받아들이기 어렵다. 실무에서도 영상녹화물은 조서의 실질적 진정성립의 증명을 위하여, 또는 기억환기를 위하여 사용되고 있다. 조사자 증언도 상당수 활용되고 있으나, 특신정황의 증명이 없다는 이유로 증거능력을 인정받지 못하는 사례가 많다. 조사자 증언은 조서의 진정성립을 증명할 수 있는‘그 밖의 객관적인 방법’에는 해당하지 않는다고 본다. 신형사소송법 시행을 위해서는 충분한 인적, 물적 지원이 필수적이다. 그러나 법원이 담당하는 전체 사건의 규모가 오로지 외부적인 변수에 의하여 좌우되는 상황에서 법원의 인적․물적 설비를 항상 적정한 수준에서 유지하기는 용이한 것이 아니다. 경죄사건의 신속처리절차를 비롯하여 법원의 과도한 사건부담을 합리적으로 해소할 수 있는 개선방안의 마련이 필요하다. The newly-amended Criminal Procedure Law(hereinafter 'the new CPL), which entered into force on Jan 1, 2008, provides various articles to improve the criminal investigation process by reforming the law of arrest and the law of search and seizure, and also by implementing several mechanisms to strengthen the legality of the criminal investigation process. It has also adopted pre-trial hearings and disclosure of the evidence and prescribes other methods to establish a trial-centered process. This article reviews the new CPL after 2 years of its enforcement, especially focusing on the current practices in the actual criminal trials. More specifically, this article examines if the defendants' rights are sufficiently protected, if the court has been providing enough opportunities to argue for the defendants and his/her counsel, and if the court concludes the case based on a substantial examination of the evidences during the trial. The actual practices in the trial shows that the court achieved the objectives of the new CPL in some areas, but failed to do so in others. Moreover, opting-out some of the amended articles in the amendment process has been impediment to fully realizing the objectives of the new CPL. First, with regard to the disclosure of the evidence, it is against the objective of the article 266-3 that the prosecutor allows the defendant to inspect and copy only the list of the evidences, and not the list of the whole documents and articles relating to the case indicted (hereinafter 'documents'). As the inspection and copying of the list of the documents is the fundamental basement for the disclosure of the evidences, the defendant cannot even find out what kind of evidences exist against him, unless the prosecutor discloses the list of the documents. The current practice needs to be changed. Secondly, the change of the order in the trial to examine the defendants has devoted to strengthen the opening statement procedure and the trial-centered process. Since the court began to widely enforce the acceptance of the sole indictment for the beginning of the criminal trial, and then the evidences separately, now the court runs the first trial proceeding after reviewing only the indictment and the defendant's opinion letter. As a result, the opening statement procedure of the prosecutor, the defendant, and the defendant's counsel and also the organization of the issues for the case has become more substantial. Moreover, the current practices show that the court listens to the defendants' answers and examines the evidences more openly and objectively. The examination of the defendant after that of the evidence is mostly abbreviated, or replaced by the defense counsel's examination with regard to the sentencing. Thirdly, the examination of the video-recorded product or the testimony of the interrogator is used appropriately. There is an argument that the video-recorded product is not admissible as an evidence despite the new CPL, but it is hard to accept such interpretation. In the actual practice, the video-recorded product is used for authentication, or for refreshing the recollection. Testimony of the interrogator is also used, but mostly not admitted as an evidence due to the lack of circumstances which would lend it special credibility. The testimony of the interrogator cannot be one of the 'any other objective means' to authenticate the deposition of the defendant during the interrogation. It is imperative to secure sufficient personal and material resources for the substantial enforcement of the new CPL. However, it is not easy to always maintain appropriate personal and material resources in the court under circumstances where the total number of the case in the court depends solely on the outer variables. Measures to lessen the heavy caseload of the court, such as a speedy trial procedure for misdemeanors, needs to be contrived.
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3상 PM-BLDCM 구동용 NPC형 3레벨 인버터의 제어기법
최창영(Chang-Young Choi),모동영(Dong-Yeong Mo),이상철(Sang-Cheol Lee),김태웅(Tae-Woong Kim) 전력전자학회 2009 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.1
In order to reduce torque ripple and voltage stress of stator windings, NPC 3 level inverter topology for PM-BLDCM drive and its suitable rectangular SVPWM control scheme are proposed in this paper. Torque ripple of PM-BLDCM driven by both two inverter topologies are respectively investigated, and its effectiveness is verified through simulations using PSIM.
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Study on the Time Consciousness of Wordsworth in the “Tintern Abbey”
최창영 ( Choi¸ Chang Young ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2015 영어권문화연구 Vol.8 No.3
The concept of time as a tool to understand human nature and the world is different with their historical background. The world of specific and ordinary time experience is made in the organic relationship between man, the subject to be conscious, and the object, and it tells that the power to understand and reconstruct its own experience actively. The linear time consciousness and modernistic psychological concept of time consciousness consists the major concept of nature and man in Wordsworth’s poetry. The most important thing in his self-consciousness is nature, and the modification and recreation through the interaction with nature is conducted through his exploration to the past. Therefore, this poem has a non-chronological nature in the temporal structure and he recorded the significant things among his experiences ignoring the time sequence. The subject of perceiving nature was derived from the conviction that the nature has its own vital soul which derived from the acknowledgement of living presents in nature, seen through the poet’s intuition.
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2 차원 채널 내부에서 자유 낙하하는 정사각형 입자의 운동에 관한 수치적 연구
최창영(Chang Young Choi),윤현식(Hyun Sik Yoon),하만영(Man Yeong Ha) 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.11
This paper presents a numerical investigation of the characteristics of flow around a square particle freely falling in a two-dimensional channel. The FSI (fluid-solid interaction) has been realized by using the directforcing fictitious domain (DF/FD) method. In order to identify the effect of fluid properties on the flow characteristics and solid motion by FSI, two different densities and especially, a various range of the fluid viscosity have been considered. In addition, the off-centered distance as the initial position of the square particle has been imposed to research the effect of the gap between the channel wall and the square particle. Quantitative information about the drag coefficient on the square particle is highlighted.
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최창영(Chang-young Choi),강상희(Sang-Hee Kang),정호성(Ho-Sung Jung),유동영(Dong-Young Ryu) 대한전기학회 2009 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.11
The ground faults in the DC traction power supply systems are usually detected by a potential relay. But it can't detect a fault if a fault occur with a big fault resistance. Moreover, if the rail potential goes high in the ordinary state because of the traction load, the potential relay would be maloperated. And this protection scheme cannot classify the faulted feeder and the rest healthy feeders. So a new ground fault protective relaying algorithm that can identify exactly the faulted region and can distinguish the ground fault and the potential rising of the rail is presented in this paper.
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재활용 절삭칩으로 제조된 AC2B 합금의 용체화 열처리에 따른 미세조직 및 기계적특성 변화
김동혁,윤종천,최창영,최시근,홍명표,신상윤,예병준,Kim, Dong-Hyuk,Yoon, Jong-Cheon,Choi, Chang-Young,Choi, Si-Geun,Hong, Myoung-Pyo,Shin, Sang-Yoon,Ye, Byung-Joon 한국주조공학회 2018 한국주조공학회지 Vol.38 No.2
Changes in the microstructures and mechanical properties of an AC2B alloy through solution heat treatment were investigated using recycled AC2B cutting chips as raw material. The as-cast microstructure of the AC2B alloy comprised ${\alpha}$-Al, $Al_2Cu$, and coarse needle-shaped phases considered to be eutectic Si and an Al-Fe-Si based intermetallic compound. After solution heat treatments at $505^{\circ}C$ for 1 h and 6 h, the samples showed complete dissolution of $Al_2Cu$ and relatively fine distribution of intermetallic compounds. Hardness test results showed that the hardness rapidly increased after the solution heat treatment for 1 h by solid solution hardening, and the increase of hardness exhibited a plateau from 1 h to 6 h. The results of the hardness and tensile tests showed that there was no visible difference in the effect of 1 h and 6 h solid solution treatment.
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