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林國煥 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1994 保建科學硏究論集 Vol.3 No.1
The purpose of this study is to investigate the managenent of medical waste in Korea. For this research six hospitals were surveyed pertaining to the amount of infectious waste produced and disposal systems, and the data collected from medical facilities ware analyzed. The results were as follows : 1. The amount of infectious medical waste in 1987 were 886 tons, and it increased to l,857tons and to 7,268tons in 1990 and in 1993 respectively. 2. In 1993, the total amount of medical waste produced by all medical institutes in Korea were 7,268tons. Disposable syringes constituted 54.6% of the total amount, followed by cotton;38.2%, placenta:5.4%, human tissue:1.6%, and still born fetus:0.2%. 3. In 1993, 2,995tons of medical waste were produced by 70 general hospitals in Seoul, which means 277g per bed per day. In six general hospitals surveyed, the daily average were 480g per bed. 4. Considering the number of the disposal facilities investigated, licenced facilities were 128, coabustion facilities 36, and landfill areas three. The number of incinerators were 127 in total, among which 114 were in hospitals and 13 were in licenced companies. 5. The disposal methods were combustion: 94.7%, concession; 2.7%, recyling:2.1%, landfill:0.4%, and donation for research: 0. l%. 51.2% of placenta were conceded for phamacological purpose and 44.4% were combusted. Most of the disposable syringes and the cottons were combusted. 6.The government authorities inspected 26,845 medical institutes, and took administrative actions against 487 institutes, and prosecuted six institutes in 1993. Among 123 licenced facilities inspected, 16 licenced facilities were given administrative measures and four were prosecuted.
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임국환,최종학 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1997 保建科學硏究論集 Vol.6 No.1
This study was carried out to introduce a bachelor program for junior college graduates in the field of public health. We surveyed the opinions of the directors of academic affairs, professors and alumni through Questionaires. The results obtained are as follows : 1. 99.8% of respondents agreed on the introduction of a bachelor program. The purpose of this program would be to offer junior college graduates up-to-date expertise and access to modernized technology. 2. This program should be established at junior college of public health which are equipped with optimal faculty and facilities, considering proper regional distribution. 3. Academic credits for the students to graduate would be over 60 credits in case of a two-year system college graduate and over 30 for a three-year system graduate. 4. The survey showed that many respondents preferred evening lectures or lectures offered duting the weekends. 5. Applicants would be required to submit documents and recommendation letters for admition. An entrance examination might be considered.
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林國煥 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1994 보건과학 학술 세미나 Vol.- No.2
우리나라 의료폐기물의 범위, 발생량, 관리체계, 처리현황 등을 파악하기 위하여 서울시 일부 병원을 대상으로 발생량을 조사하고, 관련문헌의 정보를 참고하였으며, 관계기관을 방문 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 1993년말 의료폐기물의 주된 발생원인 병원급 이상의 의료기관 병상수는 126,126개, 의료인력은 170,154명으로 1983년에 비하여 각각 113.4% 및 125.5%가 증가하였으며, 또한 같은 기간에 일일평균 재원 및 외래환자도 각각 165.3% 및 118.2% 증가하였다 2. 적출물 발생량을 연도별로 살펴보면 전국민의료보험이 실시되기 전인 1987년 886ton이던 것이 1990년 1,857ton으로 109.6%가 증가하였으며, 1993년에는 7,268ton으로 1987년에 비하여 720.3%가 증가하였다. 3. 1993년도 우리나라 의료기관에서 발생된 적출물은 모두 7,268ton이었는데 이중 일회용주사기 등이 가장 많은 54.6%를 차지하였고, 다음이 탈지면 등으로 38.2%를 점하였다. 기타 태반(5.4%), 장기조직물(1.6%), 사태아(0.2%) 순을 나타냈다. 4. 1993년의 서울시 70개 종합병원의 경우 적출물 발생량이 2,995ton으로서 병상당 1일 평균 227g의 적출물을 배출하였다. 한편 서울시에 소재한 6개 조사대상 종합병원의 경우 병상당 1일 평균 480g의 적출물 발생량을 나타냈고, 이중 탈지면등이 65.6%로 가장 많았으며, 다음이 주사기등(31.5%), 태반(2.3%)의 순이었다. 5. 우리나라 1993년도 적출물 처리시설에 있어서 적출물처리 지정업소수는 128개, 화장장 36개, 매몰장 3개소이었다. 기준시설을 갖춘 소각시설은 의료기관에 115개소와 처리업소에 13개소 도합 127개가 구비되어 있었다. 6. 미발표 자료에 의하면 1993년 발생한 적출물 7,268ton가운데 94.7%를 소각처리했으며, 기타 양여(2.7%), 재생(2.1%), 매몰(0.4%) 및 본인양도(0.1%)에 의하여 처리하였다. 종류별로는 태반의 경우 51.2%가 양여처리되고 44.4%가 소각처리된 반면, 1회용주사기등과 탈지면 등은 각각 96.1% 및 99.6%가 소각처리 되었다. 7. 1993년도 정부의 지도, 감독사항을 보면 26,485개 의료기관을 점검하여 행정처분이 487건, 고발이 6건이었다. 적출물 처리업소 123개에 대하여 점검하여 행정처분 16건과 고발 4건이 있었다.
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林國煥,林達旿,金榮煥 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1996 保健科學論集 Vol.22 No.1
This study was performed to investigate the various aspects of mortality due to the three major causes of death by age and sex over the recent decade in Korea. We analyzed the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, World Health Organization and Ministry of Health and Welfare from 1985 to 1994. The results obtained are as follows : 1. The first major cause of death was neoplasm and followed the accidents and cerebrovascular disease. It was shown that the mortality caused by neoplasm and cerebrovascular diseases increased with aging. In case of the accidents the mortality was highest in the group of 20-24 year-old group. 2. The average age of death was shown to be about 70 in cerebrovascular disease, 64 in neoplasm, and 42 in accidents in 1994. The average age of death was higher in the two former cases in 1994 compared with 1985 but lower in the case of accidents. 3. The mortality resulted from three major causes of death was rather high in Korea compared with other developed countries such as America and Japan. The mortality due to accidents was remarkably high in Korea. 4. As for the years of potential life lost, the accidents showed the largest amounts among the causes of death and followed neoplasm and cerebrovascular diseases. It was also analyzed that mean value of accidents was 27.54 in man and 41.13 in female in 1994.
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林國煥 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1992 保健科學論集 Vol.18 No.1
동물종사이의 자료를 적용하는 근거는 해부학적 특성의 공통성과 생리적 기능 및 생화학적 반응의 보편성에 있다. 실험동물의 자료를 인체에 적응하는데 있어서 기본이 되는 형태학적, 생리적, 생화학적, 약물학적 및 독성학적인 특성과 동물체 크기 즉, 체중(W)을 관련시켜 Y = aW^a의 방정식이 발전되었다. 체중 mg/Kg 단위와 체표면적 mg/㎡을 기초한 적용방법들은 이 방정식에서 각각 W^1.0와 W^0.67의 예가 된다. 이 두 가지를 뒷받침하기 위하여 사용된 실험적 관찰치들과 또 다른 방법이 고찰되었다. 실험동물에서 사람으로의 생물학적 자료를 옮겨서 적용하는데 있어서 적절한 기준을 선택하는 데는 4가지의 원칙을 고려함이 필요하고 각각의 특성을 고려하여 적용하는 것이 바람직 할 것이다.
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임국환,김영환 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1995 保健科學論集 Vol.21 No.1
This study was performed to investigate the present situation and the problems concerning Patient private nurses in general hospitals in Seoul area, which was carried out in July and August, 1995. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The age of patient private nurses, all of them women, ranged from 45 to 55(61.2%), and 61.2% of patient private nurses completed a middle school course. 78.3% of the subjects had nursing experience of more than two years. 2. Most patient private nurses receive education preparing for their tasks(95.3%) which is conducted by the employment agency(52.7%) or the hospitals(25.2%). patient private nurses prefer education by mostly nonprofit-making private institutions or hospitals. Most patient private nurses tend to get re-education. 3. The patients or their patrons pointed out that the most important feature for patient private nurses is the willingness of rendering service( 45.3%) or the professional education for their tasks(24.2%). 4. 89.0% of the patients or the patrons recognize the importance of the patient private nurse system and 59.8% of them hope for re-employment of their patient private nurses.
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