NiFe/IrMn 박막의 평면 홀 효과에 영향을 주는 교환바이어스의 온도 의존성 연구

최의영(Eui Young Choi),김지호(Ji Ho Kim),서지원(Ji Won Seo),이아연(Ah-Yeon Lee),박승영(Seung Young Park),이상석(Sang-Suk Lee) 한국물리학회 2022 새물리 Vol.72 No.5

우리는 NiFe/IrMn 겹층 구조에서 온도에 따른 평면 홀 효과와 교환바이어스의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 그 결과, IrMn의 스핀 구조에 의해서 유발되는 교환바이어스의 온도에 따른 의존도가 평면 홀 효과의 센서 감도를 좌우한다는 것을 확인하였다. 임계온도이상에서는 열요동에 의해서 온도가 증가하면서 자기비등방성은 감소하며, 이에 따라서 평면 홀 효과 센서 감도는 감소한다. 반면에, 3 K 부근의 저온에서는 IrMn에 의한 스핀 글라스 현상에 의해 교환바이어스가 급격히 커지고, 이로 인해 평면 홀 효과의 센서감도는 급격히 감소한다. 평면 홀 센서 감도를 결정하는 중요한 요소인 교환바이어스에 대한 우리의 근본적인 연구는 더욱 성능이 좋은 평면 홀 센서를 디자인하는데 도움을 주리라 기대한다. We analyzed the correlation between the planar Hall effect and the exchange bias according to the temperature in the NiFe/IrMn layered structure. As a result, it was confirmed that the temperature dependence of the exchange bias caused by the spin structure of IrMn determines the sensor sensitivity of the planar Hall effect. Above the critical temperature, the magnetic anisotropic property decreases as the temperature increases owing to thermal fluctuation; accordingly, the sensor sensitivity of the planar Hall effect decreases. By contrast, at low temperatures near 3 K, the exchange bias rapidly increases owing to the spin glass phenomenon caused by IrMn; thus, the sensor sensitivity of the planar Hall effect rapidly decreases. Our fundamental research on exchange bias, an important factor in determining the sensitivity of planar Hall sensors, is expected to help design more capable planar Hall sensors.

갈색세포종이 유발한 심인성 쇼크의 체외순환 보조 요법에 의한 성공적 치료

이민영 ( Min Young Lee ),이상배 ( Sang Bae Lee ),차현서 ( Hyun Seo Cha ),유지홍 ( Ji Hong You ),최의영 ( Eui-young Choi ),박종숙 ( Jong Suk Park ) 영남대학교 의과대학 2017 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.34 No.2

Pheochromocytoma can present with various symptoms including cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest. Particularly, in cases of cardiogenic shock of unknown origin, pheochromocytoma should be considered. A 20-year-old woman without any medical history visited our emergency department due to nausea, vomiting, headache, and chest pain. Echocardiography revealed severe left ventricular dysfunction. Mechanical ventilation and veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) were implemented owing to her unstable vital signs. For unstable vital sign and cardiogenic shock in a young woman without any previous medical history, pheochromocytoma was considered and diagnosed based on elevated levels of catecholamine derivatives in a 24-hour urine sample. Cardiac function recovered and ECMO was discontinued on the 5th day of hospitalization. She later underwent an elective adrenalectomy and no recurrence was found during the follow-up period. We reported a case of pheochromocytoma which was presented with cardiogenic shock in a young woman with no concomitant disease, and successfully treated with ECMO followed by an elective adrenalectomy.

항혈소판제 복용 환자의 구강 내 소수술 전 처치에 대한 제안

최지욱(Ji-wook Choi),최세경(Se-Kyung Choi),김남균(Nam-kyun Kim),최의영(Eui young Choi),차인호(In-Ho Cha),김형준(Hyung Jun Kim) 대한구강악안면외과학회 2009 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.35 No.6

Purpose: Many patients in anti-platelet therapy have been consulted for bleeding risks before minor oral surgery. However, there has not been an established pretreatment protocol for treating these patients. The purpose of this study is to make a protocol for the preoperative management for patients in anti-platelet therapy. Patients and Methods: The existed consultation pattern of patients was examined in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yonsei Dental Hospital. Based on the observation, a protocol including classification of medical status of patients and the type of oral surgery in need was introduced. This protocol had been performed for 6 months. Result: Following this protocol, the frequency of consultation for bleeding risk was decreased. The number of minor oral surgeries with concurrent anti-platelet therapy was increased. There was no severe bleeding event observed among minor oral surgeries that were performed while maintaining anti-platelet therapy. Conclusion: This protocol can be used as a guideline for clinical practice of patients in anti-platelet therapy requiring minor oral surgery.

폐 자궁내막 증식증

김기중 ( Ki Joong Kim ),조윤형 ( Yoon Hyung Cho ),최병기 ( Byeong Kee Choi ),최의영 ( Eui Young Choi ),장윤수 ( Yoon Su Chang ),김형중 ( Hyung Jung Kim ),안철민 ( Chul Min Ahn ),조상호 ( Sang Ho Cho ),유진아 ( Jin A Rhu ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 1999 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.47 No.3

피부 T-세포 림프종환자에서 발생한 쇄골하정맥 및 속목정맥 혈전증 1예

최의영,한지숙,김성철,정소영,민유홍,고윤웅 한국지혈혈전학회 1997 한국지혈혈전학회지 Vol.4 No.1

프랑스 自由主義의 性格 : 프랑스大革命 前後로부터 프랑스 第5常政까지

崔義永 건국대학교 1982 論文集 Vol.14 No.1

I.Historical Background When the last third of the eighteenth century is observated vantage point of its climax in the Great French Revolution of 1789, the most important historical strand of the whole era is the generation-long revolutionary turmoil which gave it a European context. In France alone did the conditions that produced the great powers of eighteenth-century European also develop into the conditions of a massive popular revolution against the monarchical and aristocratic institutions characteristic of those powers. The French Revolutionary of 1789 was as convulsive as it was because in France, and only in France, an elemental explosion of the unprovileged mass groups of the society converged with a political revolution by the articulate underprivileged groups for an equalized representative constitution. The conditions making for the massive unrest of peasant, artisans, shopkeepers, and unpropertied laborers in the countryside and the towns included long-range economic developments as well as short-range crisis, and this side of the popular revolt certainly belongs to the Old Regime. But it was the political revolt of the middling classes that turned the mass unrest into a popular revolution, and this part of the story was a growth that dated back only to the closing weeks of 1788 and that gave the end of the Old Regime the form of a sudden cataclysm. II.General Concepts The central concept of liberalism is that under the enforcement of universal rules of just conduct, protecting a recognizable private domain of individuals, a spontaneous order of human activities of much greater complexity will form itself than could ever be produced by deliberate arrangement, and that in consequence the coercive activities of government should be limited to the enforcement of such rules, whatever other services government may at the same time render by administering those particular resources. Which have been placed at its disposal for those purposes. III.The Condition of Liberalism in France Especially, French Liberalism generate turmoil circumtances. We can classified the main items as follows; 1.French Liberalism originated under anti-despotic, anti-aristocratic, anti-clerical system. 2.The new political thought (Liberalism) succeeded and brought down the complex of the Institutions and values that composed the Old Regime. 3.French Liberalism crashed traditional hierachy that were not established modern democratic social thought, order and justical economic in institutions(during the September and the February Revolution). Generally, we may speak of French Liberalism reffering to the main concepts. The first political program; Progressive political thought, liberty and equality are based on the fundemantal Human rights. The second political program; The social contract affects many point of Human political thought. We see, social thought and political thought are connected with main Ideas (Liberalism). So, foundamental Human Liberty is not gained by itself but achived through historical struggle.

Europe統合에 있어서의 EEC의 役割

崔義永 건국대학교 1982 論文集 Vol.15 No.1

The idea of European Integration was already originated in the 14th century, but it had been nothing but an ideal and unreal pursuit untill the 20th century, in which real pursuit for integration has been activated. Many politians and thinkers have been interested in presenting their theories of integration. Some represent active people of them are Henry IV, Sully, Saint Saimon, Proudhon, Kalergi, Briand and Schuman. Western Europe began to see their economic failure and collapse of political order during the two world warts, and lost their dominant position in the world. And from that time on their have been struggling between the two powers, the United States and Russia. This unexpected downfall was realy disgraceful to their gloriousness in the past. They looted back upon internal and external accidents which had brought about their downfall, and self-examined their causes. And they had to united and spurt together in order to regain the glorious position of the past. Doing this, they have found a natural motivation in searching for a substantial European Integration. EEC was activited as an effort to achieve European Integration, just as ECSC, EDC, EPC, etc., but much more concret and substantial expression, EEC, although motivated as an economic integration in the begining, but in the light of its aim of set-up, common politics and process of working, was a step for its final object of achiving a political integration and securing an advanced position in the world economy, EEC has, on the one hand, carried on steadily its partial with some fruitful outcome. But, on the other hand, it has not progressed to much in the problems requiring political agreements. Therefore, today's EEC has come to limitation in which situation more development cannot be expected without political agreements. In addition, it has many difficulties in the way of approaching 1980's, such as internal conflicts, external initiative enhancement, relation which the U.S. some required agreements in the admission of England, including the energy crisis. Some chief elements blocking European Integration are utility diplomacy of each stats, lack of necessary external stimulus, delay in settling the problems causes when a new member centers, and so on. In this respect, it is highly desired that European try to develop EEC, by settling such obstacles, in more affirmative aspects rather than negative ones, in which the only possible way would be to break up, for more successful achievement of European Interation. They rather should do this, if they want to live on as they like to, in today's world Situation. In other words, Europeans, any way, have contributed to achieving of settling new problems, maximizing spilt-over effects, through their common participation in developing EEC, it can be staid with assurance that European Integration will be carried on favorably.

構成主義 政治體制에 관한 小考

崔義永 건국대학교 1983 論文集 Vol.16 No.1

Ⅰ.General meaning In Comtemporary usage 「Authoritarianism」 refers to the unrestricted domination of the state by an individual, a clique, or a small group. Instances of authoritarian rule are found in all epochs and in all civilizations. The term 「Authoritarianism」 may signify not only the governing principle of a political system but also an ideology underlying a way of life and, a normative expression of political behavior. Several expressions have been uses to characterize the historical phenomenon of authoritarian rule : ① tyranny ② despotism ③ autocracy ④ caesarism ⑤ totalitarianism. Apart from constitutional authoritarianism established to deal with governmental emergencies, all corms of authoritarianism scare the following features : (1) Exclusivity and arbitrariness in the exorcise of power (2) Abolition or loosening of the juridical bonds of political power (3) Elimination or substantial restriction of civil liberties (4) The predominantly aggressive, impulsive form of decision making (5) Employment of despotic methods of political and social control Ⅱ.Types of Authoritarianism Differences in origin, legitimation, organization of rule, and goals, as well as in political style, have led scholars to isolate types dictatorship and to differentiate among them (Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Carl Sctmitt, Franz L. Neumann). The summary below of certain ideal types of authoritarian political system attempts to make allowance for the interaction of the cultural, social, political and psychological factors which is characteristic of the different historical manifestations of these systems of rule. At the some time, these tapes show how different are the intensity of this interaction and the stability of the political-social relationships Within the several system. (1) Theocratic rule (2) Despotic one-man rule (3) Aristocratic rule (4) Caesarean rule (5) Totalitarian rule Ⅲ.Research interests and problems (1) Legitimacy : The issue of the legitimacy of authoritarian systems bas often been discussed in terms of the relation of the authoritarianism to tradition, to law and to the constitution. (2) Social structure and Mobility : The problems of the interdependence of the political and social orders found in the various authoritarian political systems are another subject of lively contemporary discussion. Researchers are studying the social and economic prerequisites of such systems and the influence that such a regime and its policies have on a country's social structure, economic system, and elite formation. Ⅳ.Conclusion : Authoritarianism in new nations In conclusion, a word should be said about the susceptibility of the developing countries to authotarianism. 「Strong man」 regimes are evolving in Asia and Africa, either in the form of military states or of presidential regimes. At any rate, the forms of parliamentary democracy imported from the colonizing powers could hardly take root, instead they proved to be structurally alien to native cultures. Actually, in most of these countries the traditional feudal institutions were strengthened and only a smell minority of native intellectuals capable of political thought and action evolved. The belief of these intellectuals in progress, especially their strong urge to accomplish rapid, radical industrialization and to established the welfare state at once, can be realized only by an authoritarian government. Substitution of a one-party system, supported by the military and the bureaucracy, for a multiparty system is the rule in many countries. The problems arising from the opposition of the old elite to the new ones, the transformation of the new elites into oligarchies, and the distance between them and the masses all play an important role in the growth of authoritarian political systems in the developing countries.

흉강경을 이용한 폐생검으로 진단한 폐 방선균증 1예

박광주,김형중,최의영,손영모,김해균,조상호 대한감염학회 1997 감염 Vol.29 No.1

저자들은 고열과 기침, 흉부 방사선학적 소견상 좌측 동공성 폐침윤, 폐문 임파선 비대와 흉막의 종괴를 보이는 환자에서 초음파 유도하에 흉막 종괴 총-생검 및 흉강경을 이용한 좌하폐엽 폐생검을 통해 진단된 폐방선균증 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 이를 보고하는 바이다. Pulmonary actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative disease usually caused by Actinomyces israelii, characterized by suppuration, sinus tract formation, and purulent discharge containing yellowish "sulfur granules". It is usually caused by aspiration of contaminated material from mouth or oropharynx. The diagnosis of pulmonary actinomycosis is difficult and its initial clinical manifestations mimic tuberculosis or neoplasm. We experienced a case of thoracic actinomycosis in a 47 year old male patient who had complained of cough, chest pain and fever for 2 months. The diagnosis was confirmed pathologically by ultrasonography guided gun-biopsy of pleural mass and thoracoscopic wedge biopsy of parenchymal lung lesion.

Chlamydia pneumoniae(Cp) 감염, 동맥경화증의 위험 인자인가? : 혈청역학적 연구를 토대로 On the basis of seroepidemiologic study

김현숙,장길진,홍범기,김현승,최의영,송영구,김준명,권혁문 대한내과학회 2000 대한내과학회지 Vol.58 No.4

목적 : 그동안 동맥 경화증을 일으키는 주요 위험 인자들이 많이 밝혀져 왔고, 이들 위험 인자들을 조절함으로써 심혈관계 사고(Cardiovascular event)를 어느정도 감소시키는 효과를 보아왔다. 그러나 이러한 위험 인자들을 조절하는 데는 많은 시간과 경비가 소요되며, 또 이러한 기존의 위험 인자들과 관계없이, 혹은 저위험군에서도 심혈관계 사고가 일어나는 경우가 많아, 다른 새로운 인자가 관여하고 있을 것으로 생각되어 왔으며, 특히 동맥 경화증의 기본적인 병리가 염증성 반응이라는 점에서 바이러스나 세균의 감염이 관련되어 있을 것으로 추측되어 왔다. 이에 저자들은 동맥 경화증 환자에서 Chlamydia pneumoniae에 대한 혈청학적 연구를 통하여 이들의 관련성을 간접적으로 파악하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1997년 5월부터 1998년 9월까지 전형적인 협심증 증상과 함께 비관혈적인 검사(운동부하검사 및 심전도 검사)상 양성인 환자중 관동맥 조영술을 시행한 환자를 대상으로, 관동맥 조영술상 적어도 하나의 혈관에서 50%이상의 관동맥 협착소견이 있었던 군(대상군, I군)과, 관동맥 조영술상 정상 혹은 미만성 협착만 관찰되었던 군(양성 대조군, II군)을 비교 분석하였으며, 건강 대조군으로 과거력상 심혈관계 질환의 병력이나 증상이 전혀 없고 심전도 소견상 정상인 군(음성 대조군, III군)을 같이 비교 분석하였다. 혈청 검사는 항Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG와 IgA에 대한 ELISA 검사로 항체 유무를 조사하였다. 결과 : IgG, IgA, 그리고 IgG와 IgA를 동시에 측정한 경우에서 모두 항체 양성율은 I군과 II군 사이에는 차이가 없었으나, III군은 I군에 비해 통계학적으로 유의하게 항체 양성율이 낮았다. 그러나 다변량분석에서는 통계학적인 차이가 없었다. 성별, 연령, 고혈압, 당뇨, 흡연, 콜레스테롤 등의 인자들로 각각 나누어 항체 양성율을 비교 분석한 결과, IgG의 경우와 IgG, IgA를 동시에 측정한 경우에서는, 여자, 비흡연자, 정상 혈압, 정상 혈당, 정상 콜레스테롤 수치, 그리고 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤이 35㎎/㎗ 이상이었던 경우 등과 같이 비교적 동맥경화증의 저위험군에서 특히 유의하게 I군이 III군에 비해 항체 양성율이 높게 나타났다. 그러나 IgA 항체에 대해서는 정상 혈압, 정상 혈당, 그리고 정상 콜레스테롤 수치를 갖고 있는 환자들에서만 항체 양성율에 차이가 있었다. 위의 위험인자들을 모두 고려한 다변량 분석에서는 IgG 항체와 IgG, IgA를 동시에 측정한 경우에서는 여자와 비흡연자에서 항체 양성율이 I군에서 높게 나타났으나, IgA 항체에 대해서는 각각의 경우에 차이가 없었다. I군에서 혈관 질환의 정도(1 vessel disease, 2VD, 3VD)에 따른 항체 양성율은 IgG, IgA, 그리고 IgG와 IgA를 동시에 측정한 경우에서 각각 유의한 차이는 없었다. 증상이 있었던 군(I+II군)에서 임상적으로 급성 관동맥증후군(급성 심근경색증, 비안정성 협심증)이 있었던 군과 만성 관동맥 질환자 간의 항체 양성율도 IgG, IgA, IgG+IgA의 경우 모두 통계학적인 차이가 없었다. 결론 : 이상의 결과는 Chlamydia pneumoniae 감염이 동맥경화증의 하나의 위험인자일 가능성, 특히 동맥경화증을 일으키는 기존의 위험인자들이 없는 저위험군에서 하나의 독립된 위험인자로 작용할 가능성을 시사해 주고 있다. 그러나 동맥경화증의 시작에 관여하는지, 아니면 동맥경화증의 촉진, 혹은 plaque rupture 등에 관여하는지는 확실하지 않으며, 앞으로 이들의 관련성에 대해 혈관 조직을 통한 구체적인 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. Background : Several risk factors of atherosclerosis have been known. However, many patients have been experienced coronary heart disease without known risk factors of atherosclerosis, and it has been suggested that some kinds of infections may be associated with atherosclerosis as risk factors. Among many candidate infectious agents, Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cp) has been showing a positive relationship with atherosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated massive serologic study using a ELISA for detection of Cp to identify the relationship with atherosclerosis as a risk factor. Methods : Serologic tests were done in patients who were performed coronary angiogram among patients with typical symptoms of angina and with positive results in non- invasive test (EKG, Treadmill) from May 1997 to September 1998. Among them, patients with luminal narrowing of more than 50% in at least one vessel were grouped into 'Case group (Group I)' and patients with normal coronary arteries or minimal lesion were grouped into 'Positive control group(Group II)'. We also studied healthy persons, as a 'Negative control group (Group III), who had not experienced any symptoms related with coronary heart disease and had normal EKG findings. Serologic tests for Cp-IgG and Cp-IgA were performed by ELISA. Results : There was no statistical difference in seropositive rate between Group I and II, but seropositive rate of Group III was statistically lower than those of Group I or II for Cp-IgG, Cp-IgA, and both, respectively. But multivariate analysis by using logistic regression showed no statistcal differences between groups. Subgrouping by several traditional risk factors, seropositive rate for Cp-IgG and both IgG and IgA, was significantly different between Group I and III in patients without traditional risk factors of atherosclerosis, such as, females, non-smokers, normotension, non-diabetes, normal cholesterol level, and high HDL-cholesterol level. For Cp-IgA, however, the difference was observed in normotension, non-diabetes, and in normal cholesterol level. In multivariate analysis, seropositive rate for Cp-IgG and both IgG and IgA was significantly different between Group I and III in females and non-smokers, but not for the Cp-IgA. Conclusions : These results suggest that Cp infection might be an independent risk factor of atherosclerotic coronary disease, particularly in patients without traditional risk factors of atherosclerosis. Further study with coronary tissue should be continued.(Korean J Med 58:411-419, 2000)