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채영남(Yeong Nam Chae),정지년(Ji-nyun Jeong),양현승(Hyun S. Yang) 한국정보과학회 2008 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.35 No.2
본 논문에서는 색상 정보를 이용한 효율적인 얼굴 검출 방법, 별자리 모델의 비교사 학습을 통한 자동 얼굴 위치 보정 방법 그리고 얼굴 국부 특징의 포즈별 연상 관계의 비교사 학습을 통한 얼굴 인식 방법을 이용하여 포즈 변화에 강인한 얼굴 검출 및 인식 시스템에 관하여 소개한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 얼굴 검출, 위치 보정, 얼굴 인식 방법 등을 이용하여 모든 과정을 자동으로 실시간에 수행가능하며 포즈 변화에 강인한 얼굴 검출 및 인식 시스템을 개발 하였다.
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채영남(Yeong Nam Chae),정지년(Ji-nyun Chung),양현승(Hyun S. Yang) 한국정보과학회 2009 정보과학회논문지 : 소프트웨어 및 응용 Vol.36 No.7
Viola와 Jones가 제안한 에이다부스트 얼굴 검출기는 속도와 정확도면에서 매우 훌륭한 성능을 보이고 있는 얼굴 검출기이다. 하지만 에이다부스트 얼굴 검출기에도 여전히 오검출이 발생하며, 이를 줄이기 위해서는 더욱 많은 계산이 필요하다. 에이다부스트 얼굴 검출기는 흑백 영상만을 사용하므로, 색상정보를 사용하면 더 적은 연산으로 오검출율을 낮출 수 있다. 본 논문은 얼굴 색상 정보를 이용하여 대상 영상에서 부 윈도우를 효율적으로 검색하고, 에이다부스트 얼굴 검출기의 첫 단계에 계산속도가 매우 빠른 얼굴 색상을 이용한 얼굴/비얼굴 분류기를 채용하여 더 빠른 얼굴 검출 속도와 더 낮은 오검출율을 달성할 수 있는 단계별 얼굴 검출 모델을 제안하였다. 얼굴색상 필터링을 위해 정의된 얼굴색상 소속함수를 이용하여 얼굴색상 필터 영상과 그 누적영상을 계산한다. 누적 영상에 의해 빠른 속도로 임의의 부 윈도우의 밀도를 계산할 수 있다. 제안된 검색 방법은 이 색상 밀도에 기반하여 얼굴일 가능성이 없는 부윈도우들을 생략하게 된다. 그리고 부 윈도우의 밀도를 이용한 얼굴/비얼굴 분류기는 단계별 얼굴 검출기의 앞단에서 얼굴이 아닌 부 윈도우를 빠르게 거절한다. 제안된 얼굴 검출 모델은 적은 계산으로 오검출율을 낮출 수 있었으며, 실시간 얼굴 검출 속도를 비약적으로 향상시킬 수 있었다. The cascade face detector learned by Adaboost algorithm, which was proposed by Viola and Jones, is state of the art face detector due to its great speed and accuracy. In spite of its great performance, it still suffers from false alarms, and more computation is required to reduce them. In this paper, we want to reduce false alarms with less computation using facial color. Using facial color information, proposed face detection model scans sub-window efficiently and adapts a fast face/non-face classifier at the first stage of cascade face detector. This makes face detection faster and reduces false alarms. For facial color filtering, we define a facial color membership function, and facial color filtering image is obtained using that. An integral image is calculated from facial color filtering image. Using this integral image, its density of subwindow could be obtained very fast. The proposed scanning method skips over sub-windows that do not contain possible faces based on this density. And the face/non-face classifier at the first stage of cascade detector rejects a non-face quickly. By experiment, we show that the proposed face detection model reduces false alarms and is faster than the original cascade face detector.
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흰쥐 해마에서 Ketamine이 Norepinephrine 유리에 미치는 영향
김태요,채영남,안선연 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.35 No.4
Background : Since it has been reported that ketamine, an intravenous anesthetic, is a non-competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors, a large number of experimental data on the several mechanism of this process have been accumulated. But the mechanism about the effect of ketamine on neurotransmitter release in central nervous system has not been clearly elucidated yet. Therefore the present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of ketamine and thiopental sodium on hippocampal norepinephrine (NE) release, and also to examine the relationship between ketamine and NMDA receptor mechanisms in the rat hippocampus. Methods : Slices from rat hippocampus were equilibrated with [3H]norepinephrine ([3H]NE) and the release of labelled products was evoked by electrical stimulation (3 Hz, 5 V/cm, 2 ms, rectangular pulses, 2 min), and the influence of various agents on the evoked tritium-outflow and the basal rate of release were investigated. Results : In rat hippocampal slices, ketamine (1∼30uM) and thiopental sodium (1∼30uM) did not affect the evoked NE release and the basal release in the normal and Mg2 free medium. NMDA (3∼100uM) did not alter the NE release in the normal medium, but NMDA (1∼30 M) increased the basal rate of NE release in the Mg2+ free medium. The increasing effects of NMDA on basal release were completely abolished by ketamine treatment in a concentration dependent manner. But, thiopental sodium did not affect the NMDA effect. Conclusions : These results suggest that increment of the basal rate of NE release is mediated by NMDA receptor in the rat hippocampus and ketamine completely block this effect, but thiopental sodium is not involved in these process. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 35: 591∼598)
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Propofol 용량에 따른 Fentanyl의 기침 반사 반응 억제 효과
손용,채영남 대한마취과학회 1999 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.36 No.4
Background : Bronchodilation effect of propofol was known that it could prevent bronchoconstriction induced by fentanyl administration. The aim of this study was to investigate the dosage of propofol that inhibited cough reflex induced from fentanyl. Methods : One hundred twenty patients were randomly allocated to four groups: Group 1 (n=30, fentanyl 3 μg/kg), Group 2 (n=30, propofol 0.5 mg/kg, fentanyl 3 μg/kg), Group 3 (n=30, propofol 1 mg/kg, fentanyl 3 μg/kg), Group 4 (n=30, propofol 2 mg/kg, fentanyl 3 μg/kg). Patients in Group 1 were injected fentanyl within a second. Other patients groups were injected fentanyl two minutes after administration of propofol dosage, respectively. We checked cough response, oxygen desaturation and chest wall rigidity. Results : There was no significant difference in the incidence of cough response between Group 1 and 2. But, the incidence of Group 3 and 4 was significantly lower than in Group 1 and 2. Conclusions : Propofol of clinical doses for anesthetic indon inhibit cough reflex induced from fentanyl. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1999; 36: 595∼598)
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관절강내 Ketorolac-Bupivacaine과 Morphine-Bupivacaine의 슬관절경 수술후 진통효과
최유선,채영남 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1998 圓光醫科學 Vol.14 No.2
Background: Systemic Ketorolac has been used effectively to manage postarthroscopic knee pain. However, reports on intraarticular injection of ketorolac for pain relief were few. We examined the effect of analgesia in intraarticular administration of ketorolac compared to morphine after knee surgery. Methods: In randomized grouping, we studied 40 patients undergoing endoscopic knee surgery. The patients in group KB(n=23) received 30㎎ of ketorolac mixed with 20㎖ of 0.25% bupivacaine; those in group MB(n=17) received 5㎎ of morphine mixed with 20㎖ of 0.25% bupivacaine. We compared visual analogue score for pain, the number of patients for supplemental analgesics and the side effects of drug between two groups. Results: There was no significant difference between two groups in the pain score and the eeds for supplemental analgesics. Conclusion: Intraarticular ketorolac had no advantage compared to intraarticular morphine. So, we would caution against the wide spread use of intraarticular NSAIDs until their safety and efficacy can be established.
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