일반폐기물 매립장내 대체매일복토재의 수리특성에 따른 침출수위 비교분석

주완호,장연수,이명천,김상규,김수삼 대한토목학회 1995 대한토목학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.1995 No.3

매립장의 복토재와 폐기물 수리특성에 대한 침출수위의 민감도 분석

주완호,장연수,김용인 한국지하수토양환경학회 1998 지하수환경 Vol.5 No.2

본 논문에는 매립장의 높은 침출수위를 저감시키기 위한 복토재의 기능을 분석하기 위하여 매립장의 침출수지 분석 프로그램인 HELP를 이용 복토재 및 폐기물의 수리특성인 간극률, 투수계수, 포장용수량, 위조계수, 초기함수비에 대한 침출수위의 민감도를 분석하고 흙복토재의 다짐에의한 밀도-투수계수-포장용수량의 변화, 현장 초기함수비와 포장용수량의 차가 누적 침출수위 형성에 미치는 영향을 시험 및 수치해석을 통하여 분석하였다. 민감도 해석결과 복토재와 폐기물 모두 간극률과 위조계수의 증가는 침출수위를 감소시키며 포장용수량과 투수계수의 증가는 침출수위를 증가시키는 것으로 나타났으며 침출수위에 영향을 크게 미치는 인자는 복토재의 경우 투수계수, 페기물의 경우는 간극률, 포장용수량, 초기함수비인 것으로 나타났다. In this paper, the sensitivity of the leachate level is analyzed using the program HELP to reduce the high leachate level on the landfill. Hydraulic parameters analyzed were porosity, field capacity, wilting point and initial water content of cover soil and waste. Also, the influence of the difference between the initial water content and the field capacity on the leachate level in the landfill was analyzed. The results of the sensitivity analysis show that the increase of the porosity and the wilting point decreases the leachate level, while the increase of the field capacity and the hydraulic conductivity increases the leachate level. Major parameters to the change of the leachate level were the hydraulic conductivity in the case of cover soil and the porosity, the field capacity and the initial water content in the case of waste.

제7장 해외 토양 지하수 정화사례

주완호 한국지반신소재학회 2008 한국지반신소재학회 단기강좌 Vol.2008 No.7

영가철/바이오 복합처리제를 이용한 질산성 질소 오염 지하수의 현장 지중정화 적용성 평가

주완호 ( Wan-ho Joo ),장윤영 ( Yoon-young Chang ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2021 환경영향평가 Vol.30 No.1

본 연구에서는 예산군에 위치한 질산성 질소 오염 지하수 부지를 대상으로 오염지하수의 지중정화 현장 적용성 평가를 수행하고자, 영가철/바이오 환경정화소재를 이용한 Injected PRB(Permeable Reactive Barrier)와 관측정을 현장 오염지하수부지에 적용하고 주요 정화지표에 대한 변화를 모니터링하였다. 질산성질소, 아질산성질소, 암모니아성질소, 철 이온, TOC, 탁도 등의 항목 등을 조사하고 미생물 분석을 실시하여 지중정화기술의 현장 적용성을 평가하였다. 연구대상 부지는 농경지역으로 북쪽 경계는 하천이 서쪽에서 동쪽으로 흐르며 하천 경계를 형성하고 남쪽은 불투수 경계로 이루어져 있다. 질산성질소는 전반적으로 지하수 흐름과 유사하게 하천으로 흐르는 것으로 분석되었다. 모델링 결과, 약 3년에서 5년 정도 경과 후 안정 상태로 도달하는 것으로 판단되었다. 이는 추가적인 오염원 유입이 없는 현재 상태만 고려한 것으로 지속적 오염이 유입된다면 오염범위 및 안정화 기간이 증가할 수 있다. 모니터링 결과, PRB 설치 전, 후 철 이온, TOC, 탁도 값이 큰 차이를 보이지 않아 PRB의 음용수 관정 영향은 없는 것으로 판단되어 해당 지중정화기술의 지중 주입 적합성을 확인하였다. 질산성질소는 PRB 설치 42일 차까지 5 mg/L 보다 낮은 농도가 유지되었으나 84일 차부터 PRB 내부의 질산성질소 제거 유효 기간이 끝나 원래의 농도를 회복하였다. PRB 설치 후 아질산성 질소와 암모니아성 질소의 검출은 PRB에 의한 질산성 질소의 환원에 의한 감소를 보여주었으며, 미생물 분석 결과 종 다양성이 증가하고 탈질 미생물을 포함하고 있는 Betaproteobacteria Class 군집이 크게 증가한 결과는 질산성 질소가 생물학적 환원작용에 의한 정화 가능성도 보여주었다. In this study, the assessment of field applicability of in-situ remediation of nitrate-contaminated groundwater located in Yesan-gun was performed. Zero-valent iron/bio composite media injected PRB (Permeable Reactive Barrier) and monitoring well were installed in the contaminated groundwater site and monitored main remediation indicators during the PRB operation. Nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, Fe ion, TOC, and turbidity were analyzed and the diversity and population of microorganism in the PRB installed site were investigated for the verification of effect of injected PRB. In the study site where is an agricultural area, a river flows from west to east that forms a river boundary and the southern area has an impermeable sector. It was found that nitrate flows into the river, which is similar as groundwater flow. Simulation result for the fate of nitrate in groundwater showed steady state of nitrate arrived after 3~5 years passed. However, it is just to consider current conditions with no additional input of contaminant source, if additional input of contaminant source occurs contamination dispersion and time for steady state are expected to be increased. The monitoring results showed that Fe ion, TOC and turbidity in groundwater were not clearly changed in concentration after PRB installation, which indicates adaptability of the injected PRB for remediation of groundwater with no additional harmful effect to water quality. The concentration of nitrate maintained less than 5mg/L until 42 days after PRB installation and recovered its initial concentration after 84 days passed and showed termination of reactivity of injected zero-valent iron/bio composite media for removal nitrate. Nitrite and ammonia ions found after installation of PRB indicates reductive removal of nitrate. And the outstanding increase of microorganism diversity and population of Betaproteobacteria Class which includes denitrification microorganism explains biologically reductive removal of nitrate in injected PRB.

잔류유분 함유 반출처리토 재활용을 위한 호밀 식재 식물상 토성회복 가능성

박지은,배범한,주완호,배세달,배은주,Park, Jieun,Bae, Bumhan,Joo, Wanho,Bae, Seidal,Bae, Enjoo 한국지하수토양환경학회 2014 지하수토양환경 Vol.19 No.3

The amount of TPH contaminated soil treated at off-site remediation facilities is ever increasing. For the recycle of the treated-soil on farmlands, it is necessary to restore biological and physico-chemical soil characteristics and to remove residual TPH in the soil by an economic polishing treatment method such as phytoremediation. In this study, a series of experiments was performed to select suitable plant species and to devise a proper planting method for the phyto-restoration of TPH-treated soil. Rye (Secale cereale) was selected as test species through a germination test, among 5 other plants. Five 7-day-old rye seedlings were planted in a plastic pot, 20 cm in height and 15 cm in diameter. The pot was filled with TPH-treated soil (residual TPH of 1,118 mg/kg) up to 15 cm, and upper 5 cm was filled with horticulture soil to prevent TPH toxic effects and to act as root growth zone. The planted pot was cultivated in a greenhouse for 38 days along with the control that rye planted in a normal soil and the blank with no plants. After 38 days, the above-ground biomass of rye in the TPH-treated soil was 30.6% less than that in the control, however, the photosynthetic activity of the leaf remained equal on both treatments. Soil DHA (dehydrogenase activity) increased 186 times in the rye treatment compared to 10.8 times in the blank. The gross TPH removal (%) in the planted soil and the blank soil was 34.5% and 18.4%, respectively, resulting in 16.1% increase of net TPH removal. Promotion of microbial activity by root exudate, increase in soil permeability and air ventilation as well as direct uptake and degradation by planted rye may have contributed to the higher TPH removal rate. Therefore, planting rye on the TPH-treated soil with the root growth zone method showed both the potential of restoring biological soil properties and the possibility of residual TPH removal that may allow the recycle of the treated soil to farmlands.

석회석을 이용하여 안정화한 중금속오염 논토양에서 토양과 식물체(벼) 간의 중금속 전이특성

고일하,김의영,권요셉,지원현,주완호,김진홍,신복수,장윤영,Koh, Il-Ha,Kim, Eui-Young,Kwon, Yo Seb,Ji, Won Hyun,Joo, Wanho,Kim, Jinhong,Shin, Bok Su,Chang, Yoon-Young 한국지하수토양환경학회 2015 지하수토양환경 Vol.20 No.4

The agricultural soil, meets soil environmental standards whereas agricultural product from the same soil does not meet permissible level of contaminants, is identified in the vicinity of the abandoned mine in Korea. This study estimated the stabilization efficiency of Cd and Pb using limestone through the flood pot test for this kind of agricultural paddy soil. We had the concentration of the monitored contaminants in soil solution for 4 months and analyzed fractionations in soil and concentrations in rice plant. In soil solution of plow layer, the reductive Mn had been detected constantly unlike Fe. The concentrations of Mn in limestone amended soil was relatively lower than that in control soil. This reveals that the reductive heavy metals which become soluble under flooded condition can be stabilized by alkali amendment. This also means that Cd and Pb associated with Mn oxides can be precipitated through soil stabilization. Pb concentrations in soil solution of amended conditions were lower than that of control whereas Cd was not detected among all conditions including control. In contaminants fractionation of soil analysis, the decreasing exchangeable fraction and the increasing carbonates fraction were identified in amended soil when compared to control soil at the end of test. These results represent the reduction of contaminants mobility induced by alkali amendment. The Cd and Pb contents of rice grain from amended soil also lower than that of control. These result seems to be influenced by reduction of contaminants mobility represented in the results of soil solution and soil fractionation. Therefore contaminants mobility (phytoavailability) rather than total concentration in soil can be important factor for contaminants transition from soil to agricultural products. Because reduction of heavy metal transition to plant depends on reduction of bioavailability such as soluble fraction in soil.

분말 바이오-숯으로부터 중금속 오염수 처리용 바이오-숯 비드 제조 및 적용

최유림,노훈,이규범,신복수,주완호,김남국,김진홍,양재규,조성희,장윤영,Choi, Yu-Lim,Roh, Hoon,Lee, Kyu-Beom,Shin, Bok-Su,Joo, Wan-Ho,Kim, Nam-Kook,Kim, Jin-Hong,Yang, Jae-Kyu,Reddy Koduru, Janardhan,Cho, Sung-Heui,Chang, Yoon-Young 한국지하수토양환경학회 2015 지하수토양환경 Vol.20 No.6

In this study, biochar-bead, prepared from biochar powder derived from woody biomass, was used for removal cadmium ion in aqueous solution. Various mixing ratios of alginate solution and biochar powder were used for the production of round shape biochar-bead. An optimum mixing ratio was selected as 1.5% alginate solution and 20 wt% biochar. The produced biochar-bead was characterized by SEM, FT-IR, and XRD analyses. The adsorption capacity of Cd(II) by biochar-bead was found to be 9.72 mg/g which was higher than that by GAC and PAC. According to this study, round shape biochar-bead is expected to be used as a media for reactive barrier or water filtration.

비소 오염토양의 안정화를 위한 나노 Fe°담지 바이오차 적용 연구

최유림 ( Yu-lim Choi ),( Ganesh Kumar Reddy Angaru ),안혜영 ( Hye-young Ahn ),박광진 ( Kwang-jin Park ),주완호 ( Wan-ho Joo ),양재규 ( Jae-kyu Yang ),장윤영 ( Yoon-young Chang ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2020 환경영향평가 Vol.29 No.5

본 연구에서는 전정가지 부산물과 one-pot 합성방법을 이용하여 철 나노입자가 담지된 바이오차인 INPBC(Iron Nano-Particles Impregnated BioChar)를 제조하고 비소 오염토양의 안정화제로써의 적용가능성을 평가하였다. INPBC는 전정가지 부산물과 Fe(III) 용액을 220°C에서 3시간 동안 수열반응하고 이후 N₂ 분위기에서 1시간 동안 소성하여 제조하였으며 FT-IR, XRD, BET, SEM을 이용하여 INPBC의 특성을 분석하였다. INPBC의 안정화 성능평가는 국내 E폐광산과 S폐광산의 인근 농경지에서 채취한 비소로 오염된 토양 Soil-E와 Soil-S를 채취하여 4주 동안의 배양실험을 실시하였다. 배양실험 후 토양중 비소의 안정화 정도를 알아보기 위해 TCLP와 SPLP 용출시험을 실시하였다. TCLP와 SPLP의 용출시험결과, INPBC의 적용 농도의 증가에 따라 토양 중 비소의 용출농도는 감소하여 안정화 효율이 높아지는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 특히 Soil-E의 경우 SPLP 용출액 중 비소의 농도는 먹는물 수질기준치 이하의 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 안정화 토양의 연속추출시험에서는 쉽게 용출되는 1단계 및 2단계의 분획비율이 감소되고 그 보다 용출이 어려운 3단계 및 4단계의 분획비율이 증가되는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이러한 결과는 오염토양에 주입한 INPBC의 표면에 존재하는 철 나노입자로 인해 토양에서 용출된 비소가 sorption에 의해 안정화된 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 나타난 INPBC의 비소 오염토양의 안정화 효과는 대규모 비소오염토양의 위해성 저감을 위한 안정화제로서 높은 적용 가능성을 보여 준다. In this study, nano Fe°-impregnated biochar (INPBC) was prepared using pruning residues and one-pot synthetic method and evaluated its performance as an amendment agent for the stabilization of arsenic-contaminated soil. For the preparation of INPBC, the mixture of pruning residue and Fe (III) solution was heated to 220°C for 3hr in a teflon-sealed autoclave followed by calcination at 600°C under N₂ atmosphere for 1hr. As-prepared INPBC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, BET, SEM. For the stabilization test of as-prepared INPBC, As-contaminated soils (Soil-E and Soil-S) sampled from agricultural sites located respectively near E-abandoned mine and S-abandoned mine in South Korea were mixed with different of dosage of INPBC and cultivated for 4 weeks. After treatment, TCLP and SPLP tests were conducted to determine the stabilization efficiency of As in soil and showed that the stabilization efficiency was increased with increasing the INPBC dosage and the concentration of As in SPLP extractant of Soil-E was lower than the drinking water standard level of Ministry of Environment of South Korea. The sequential fractionation of As in the stabilized soils indicated that the fractions of As in the 1st and 2nd stages that correspond liable and known as bioavailable fraction were decreased and the fractions of As in 3rd and 4th stages that correspond relatively non-liable fraction were increased. Such a stabilization of As shows that the abundant nano Fe° on the surface of INPBC mixed with As-contaminated soils played the co-precipitation of As leaching from soil by surface complexation with iron. The results of this study may imply that INPBC as a promising amendments for the stabilization of As-contaminated soil play an important role.