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무인운전을 위한 자동열차운전장치 시스템 요구조건 검토 및 도시형 자기부상열차 적용사례
강경용(Kyeong-Yong Kang),조영완(Young-Wan Cho),박희준(Hee-Jun Park),박채영(Chae-Young Park) 한국철도학회 2011 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.10
The light-rail system which is recently being built in Korea is a train control system based on driverless operation and the train control system for urban maglev train under construction at the moment in Youngjong-Do Incheon is pushed ahead based on driverless operation. In this paper it compares train operation cases with manned operation and unmanned operation to examine system requirements for unmanned driving on train and detects system requirements of automatic train operation device for unmanned operation by analyzing unmanned operation cases which are currently operating or planed project and also introduces automatic train operation of urban maglev train and verifies whether the system for unmanned driving meets the requirements.
고혈압 환자에서 위험도 층별화에 따른 진료 형태 및 혈압변화 분석
김동기 ( Dong Kie Kim ),김동수 ( Dong Soo Kim ),양태현 ( Tae Hyun Yang ),진한영 ( Han Young Jin ),조영완 ( Young Wan Cho ),서영경 ( Young Kyeong Seo ),김용복 ( Yong Bok Kim ),김영대 ( Young Dae Kim ),홍택종 ( Taek Jong Hong ),이 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.80 No.3
Background/Aims: The aims of this study were to identify real world treatment patterns of hypertension according to cardiovascular risk stratification and to evaluate blood pressure changes with anti-hypertensive treatment in each risk group. Methods: This study included patients who were newly-diagnosed with hypertension or known hypertensive patients with uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) at seven tertiary hospitals in Busan and Ulsan. World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) cardiovascular risk stratification was performed through retrospective chart review. Results: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers were the most frequently prescribed drugs. The higher WHO/ISH risk group received a greater number of drugs at the initial treatment, and one year after treatment. Target BP was achieved less frequently in the higher risk group (68.2% vs. 85.2% vs. 89.0%, p < 0.001). The rate of attaining target BP was lower (50.7% vs. 81.6%, p < 0.001), and the time to attaining target BP was longer (106.5 ± 79.2 days vs. 82.1 ± 75.3, p = 0.001), in patients with renal disease or diabetes. Initial systolic BP above 160 mmHg (OR: 4.91, 95% CI: 2.27~10.65), renal disease (3.42, 1.60~7.32), medium or high risk group status (2.27, 1.23~4.20), initial diastolic BP above 100 mmHg (2.11, 1.11~4.04), and diabetes (2.06, 1.29~3.25) were independent factors that predicted failure of attaining the target BP. Conclusions: BP control was relatively unsatisfactory in patients with higher initial BP, renal disease, higher WHO/ISH risk group status, and diabetes. Individualized approaches for such patients are needed to improve BP control in routine clinical practice. (Korean J Med 2011;80:298-307)