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대형경유자동차의 NO₂/NO<SUB>X</SUB> 비율과 NO<SUB>X</SUB> 배출특성에 관한 연구
정택호(Taek Ho Chung),김선문(Sun Moon Kim),문선희(Sun Hee Mun),홍희경(Hee Kyoung Hong),이승환(Seoung Hwan Lee),서석준(Seok Jun Seo),김정화(Joung Hwa Kim),정성운(Sung Woon Jung),김인구(In Gu Kim),이종철(Jong Chul Lee),이종태(Jong Tae 대한환경공학회 2019 대한환경공학회지 Vol.41 No.4
대형경유자동차에서 배출되는 NOx는 국내 NOx 배출량 중 높은 비율을 차지하고 있으며, NO₂는 인체에 유해하며 대기환경을 오염시키는 물질로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 대형경유트럭과 대형경유버스에서 배출되는 NOx를 실시간으로 측정하였으며, 다양한 조건에 따른 NO₂/NOx 비율과 NOX 배출특성을 파악하였다. 실시간으로 NOx의 농도를 측정한 결과 NO와 NO₂의 농도는 높은 출력을 요구하는 가속구간에서 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 시험모드별 대형트럭의 NOX 배출량은 WHVC>NIER 9>UDDS 순으로 낮은 평균속도에서 높게 배출되었다. 반면, 대형버스의 NOx 배출량은 평균속도가 증가할수록 높게 배출되는 것을 확인하였다. 엔진 상태에 따른 대형트럭과 버스의 NOX 배출량은 엔진 미가열조건에서 23%, 78% 높게 배출되었다. 대형트럭과 대형버스의 NO₂/NOx 비율은 엔진 가열조건에서 각각 0.7~1.0%, 7.7~7.8%로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 도로변대기측정망의 NO₂ 농도 산정을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대한다. NOx emitted from heavy-duty diesel vehicles has a high percentage of domestic emissions in Korea. It is known that the NO₂ emission was polluted the atmospheric environments and was harmful to humans. Therefore, investigation on NO₂//NOx Ratio and NOx Emission Characteristics of Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles were carried out. In this study, NOx emissions from heavy-duty trucks and buses were measured by chassis dynamometer for heavy-duty vehicle in real time. Also, NO₂/NOx ratio and NOx emission characteristics were analyzed by emission analyzer according to various conditions. It is revealed that NO and NO₂ concentrations were increased in the acceleration section from results of NOx concentration in real time. The NOx emissions of heavy-duty trucks in test mode was confirmed a high level in order the average speed, but NOx emissions of heavy-duty buses were increased as the average speed increased. The NO₂/NOx ratio of heavy duty trucks and buses was 0.7~1.0% and 7.7~7.8% at hot start engine condition. The results of this study will contribute to be used as basic data for the estimation of NO₂ concentration in the roadside air monitoring network.
일개 응급센터에 내원한 외상성 혈관손상 환자의 임상적 특성
박용면 ( Yong Myeon Park ),염석란 ( Seok Ran Yeom ),정진우 ( Jin Woo Jeong ),한상균 ( Sang Kyun Han ),조석주 ( Suck Ju Cho ),류지호 ( Ji Ho Ryu ),김용인 ( Yong In Kim ),정성운 ( Sung Woon Chung ) 대한외상학회 2009 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.22 No.1
Purpose: The mortality and the amputation rates due to vascular trauma remain high despite advanced vascular surgical techniques and supportive management. The clinical features of patients with vascular trauma have not been well studied in the Korean population. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with vascular trauma and to develop a database and guidelines for improving the outcomes of treatment. Methods: The medical records of 37 patients with traumatic vascular injuries who had visited in an emergency center between January 2002 and December 2006 were retrospectively reviewed and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean age was 37.8 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 5.2:1. The mechanism of vascular trauma was penetrating in 18 patients and blunt in 19 patients. Upper extremities were most frequently injured (39.4%). The treatment methods were primary repair in 21 patients, exploratory laparotomies in 7, radiological interventions in 3, resections and graft interpositions of the pseudoaneurysm in 3, observations in 3 and a bypass graft in 1. Four out of the 37 patients died, and three of these who died had injuried abdominal vessels. Twenty-five of the patients recovered completely, four expired, seven had neuropathy in the course of treate-ment, one had his limb amputated, and one experienced wound necrosis. Conclusion: Peripheral vessel injuries are commonly accompanied by nerve, muscle, or tendon injuries. Patients without associated fractures or compartment syndrome had good prognosis. Although the time intervals from hospital arrival to definite treatment were the shortest among patients with blunt abdominal vascular injuries, three expired. Therefore, we offer a `critical pathway` to improve the outcomes of patients with blunt abdominal vascular injury. (J Korean Soc Traumatol 2009;22:5-11)
김종원,정성운 대한혈관외과학회 1997 Vascular Specialist International Vol.13 No.2
Between Jan. 1993 and Dec. 1995, thirty five patients (male: 30, female: 5) with chronic ischemia of lower extremities had underwent vascular surgery. The main cause of ischemia was atherosclerosis. Hypertension, diabetes and valvular heart disease were associated with these patients. The most common chief complaint was coldness and claudication. The procedures of operation included femoro-femoral crossover(14), axillo-bifemoral(7), aorto-bifemoral(6), femoro-popliteal(4), femoro-peroneal(2), femoral angioplasty(2). Pstoperative complications were wound infection(10), Bleeding(6), Compartment syndrome(4) and so on. Various anticoagulant therapy were maintained for at least 6 months. The 1 year, 2 year, 3 year, 4 year patency rates of postoperation were 78.2%, 75.1%, 71.4%, and 62.8% respectively.