습식표면처리 및 열 사이클에 따른 Cu/SiN_x 계면접착에너지 평가 및 분석

정민수,김정규,강희오,황욱중,박영배,Jeong, Minsu,Kim, Jeong-Kyu,Kang, Hee-Oh,Hwang, Wook-Jung,Park, Young-Bae 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2014 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.21 No.1

반도체 미세구리배선 적용을 위하여 구리배선의 습식 표면처리 및 열 사이클에 따른 구리 박막과 실리콘질화막 도포층 사이의 계면접착에너지를 4점굽힘시험을 통해 정량적으로 평가하였다. 구리배선을 화학적 기계적 연마한 후 습식 표면처리를 통하여 구리 박막과 실리콘질화막의 계면접착에너지는 $10.57J/m^2$에서 $14.87J/m^2$로 증가하였다. $-45{\sim}175^{\circ}C$범위에서 250사이클 후, 표면처리를 하지 않은 시편의 계면접착에너지는 $5.64J/m^2$으로, 표면처리를 한 시편은 $7.34J/m^2$으로 감소하였으며, 모든 시편의 박리계면은 구리 박막과 실리콘질화막 계면으로 확인되었다. X-선 광전자 분광법으로 계면 결합 상태를 분석한 결과, 화학적 기계적 연마 공정 후 구리배선의 표면 산화물이 습식표면처리에 의해 효과적으로 제거된 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 열 사이클 처리동안, 구리 박막과 실리콘질화막의 큰 열 팽창 계수 차이로 인한 열응력으로 인하여 구리 박막과 실리콘질화막 계면이 취약해지고, 계면을 통한 산소유입에 따른 구리 산화층이 증가하여 계면접착에너지가 저하된 것으로 판단된다. Effects of wet chemical treatment and thermal cycle conditions on the quantitative interfacial adhesion energy of $Cu/SiN_x$ thin film interfaces were evaluated by 4-point bending test method. The test samples were cleaned by chemical treatment after Cu chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP). The thermal cycle test between Cu and $SiN_x$ capping layer was experimented at the temperature, -45 to $175^{\circ}C$ for 250 cycles. The measured interfacial adhesion energy increased from 10.57 to $14.87J/m^2$ after surface chemical treatment. After 250 thermal cycles, the interfacial adhesion energy decreased to $5.64J/m^2$ and $7.34J/m^2$ for without chemical treatment and with chemical treatment, respectively. The delaminated interfaces were confirmed as $Cu/SiN_x$ interface by using the scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy. From X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis results, the relative Cu oxide amounts between $SiN_x$ and Cu decreased by chemical treatment and increased after thermal cycle. The thermal stress due to the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient during thermal cycle seemed to weaken the $Cu/SiN_x$ interface adhesion, which led to increased CuO amounts at Cu film surface.

북한예방의학회지 ($1997{\sim}2006$) 게재논문의 핵심어 네트워크 분석

정민수,정동준,최만규,Jung, Min-Soo,Chung, Dong-Jun,Choi, Man-Kyu 대한예방의학회 2008 예방의학회지 Vol.41 No.6

Objectives : There are very few researches on North Korea's academic activities. Furthermore, it is doubtful that the available data are reliable. This study investigated research activities and knowledge structure in the field of Preventive Medicine in North Korea with a network analysis using co-authors and keywords. Methods : The data was composed of the North Korean Journal of preventive medicine ranged from Vol. 1 of 1997 to Vol. 4 of 2006. It was the matrix of 1,172 articles by 1,567 co-authors. We applied R procedure for keywords abstraction, and then sought for the outcome of network forms by spring-KK and shrinking network. Results : To comprehend the whole networks explicitly demonstrated that the academic activities in North Korea s preventive medicine were predisposed to centralization as similar as South Korea's, but on the other aspect they were prone to one-off intermittent segmentation. The principal co-author networks were formulated around some outstanding medical universities seemingly in addition to possible intervention by major researchers. The knowledge structure of network was based on experimentation judging from keywords such as drug, immunity, virus detection, infection, bacteria, anti-inflammation, etc. Conclusions : Though North Korea is a socialist regime, there were network of academic activities, which were deemed the existence of inducive mechanism affordable for free research. Article keywords has laid greater emphasis on experiment-based bacterial defection, sustainable immune system and prevention of infection. The kind of trend was a consistent characteristic in preventive medicine of North Korea haying close correlation with Koryo medical science.

스마트카드용 고성능 자바가상기계에 대한 연구

정민수,Jung, Min-Soo 한국데이터정보과학회 2009 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.20 No.1

스마트카드는 작은 크기의 마이크로 컴퓨터칩을 내장하고 있다. 이 칩은 프로세서, RAM, ROM, 클럭, 버스 그리고 암호전용 코프로세서 등을 포함하고 있다. 따라서 이 칩은 RFID 태그와 비교해서 가격이 비싸고, 복잡하지만 안전한 칩이다. 스마트카드의 주요 응용분야는 전자뱅킹이나 안전한 통신 관련 분야이다. 자바카드는 개방형 플랫폼 중 가장 널리 사용되는데 그 이유는 자바카드의 보안성, 플랫폼 독립성, 그리고 빠른 개발 싸이클 때문이다. 하지만 자바카드는 실행속도가 느리기 때문에 자바 카드의 성능개선은 중요한 연구 분야가 되어왔다. 본 논문에서는 효과적인 트랜잭션버퍼 관리 방법을 제안하여 자바카드의 성능을 개선시켰으며 실험을 통하여 그 성능을 입증하였다. Smart card has a small sized micro computer chip. This chip contains processor, RAM, ROM, clock, bus system and crypto-co-processor. Hence it is more expensive, complicated and secure chip compared with RFID tag. The main application area of smart card is e-banking and secure communications. There are two kinds of smart card platforms; open platform and closed one. Java card is the most popular open platform because of its security, platform independency, fast developing cycle. However, the speed of Java card is slower than other ones, hence there have been hot research topics to improve the performance of Java card. In this paper, we propose an efficient transaction buffer management to improve the performance of Java card. The experimental result shows the advantage of our method.

국내 예방의학 분야의 공저자.핵심어 네트워크와 군집 양상 - 대한예방의학회지($1991{\sim}2006$) 게재논문의 분석 -

정민수,정동준,Jung, Min-Soo,Chung, Dong-Jun 대한예방의학회 2008 예방의학회지 Vol.41 No.1

Objectives : This study evaluated knowledge structure and its effect factor by analysis of co-author and keyword networks in Korea's preventive medicine sector. Methods : The data was extracted from 873 papers listed in the Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, and was transformed into a co-author and keyword matrix where the existence of a 'link' was judged by impact factors calculated by the weight value of the role and rate of author participation. Research achievement was dependent upon the author's status and networking index, as analyzed by neighborhood degree, multidimensional scaling, correspondence analysis, and multiple regression. Results : Co-author networks developed as randomness network in the center of a few high-productivity researchers. In particular, closeness centrality was more developed than degree centrality. Also, power law distribution was discovered in impact factor and research productivity by college affiliation. In multiple regression, the effect of the author's role was significant in both the impact factor calculated by the participatory rate and the number of listed articles. However, the number of listed articles varied by sex. Conclusions : This study shows that the small world phenomenon exists in co-author and keyword networks in a journal, as in citation networks. However, the differentiation of knowledge structure in the field of preventive medicine was relatively restricted by specialization.

페로브스카이트 태양전지에서의 저온 용액 공정의 BCP 버퍼층 효과

정민수,최인우,김동석,Jung, Minsu,Choi, In Woo,Kim, Dong Suk 한국전기전자재료학회 2021 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.34 No.1

Inorganic-organic hybrid perovskite solar cells have demonstrated considerable improvements, reaching 25.5% of certified power conversion efficiency in 2020 from 3.8% in 2009. In normal structured perovskite solar cells, TiO2 electron-transporting materials require heat treatment process at a high temperature over 450℃ to induce crystallinity. Inverted perovskite solar cells have also been studied to exclude the additional thermal process by using [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as a non-oxide electron-transporting layer. However, the drawback of the PCBM layer is a charge accumulation at the interface between PCBM and a metal electrode. The impact of bathocuproin (BCP) buffer layer on photovoltaic performance has been investigated herein to solve the problem of PCBM. 2-mM BCP-modified perovskite solar cells were observed to exhibit a maximum efficiency of 12.03% compared with BCP-free counterparts (5.82%) due to the suppression of the charge accumulation at the PCBM-Au interface and the resulting reduction of the charge recombination between perovskite and the PCBM layer.

환자가 인지하는 `의료서비스 질(SERVQUAL)`의 구성적 차원에 관한 연구

정민수(Min Soo Jung),이채은(Chae Eun Lee),김경미(Kyung Mi Kim),윤진원(Jin Won Yun),정연(Youn Jung),김지민(Ji Min Kim),백성희(Seong Hee Baik),최원희(Won Hee Choi),김화중(Hwa Joong Kim) 서울대학교 보건환경연구소 2005 보건학논집 Vol.42 No.2

한국표준질병사인분류(KCD-3)의 사망외인 범주를 이용한 산재사망과 사회경제적지표(SEP)의 탐색적 분석

정민수(Min soo Jung),이수형(Sue Hyung Lee),이상윤(Sang Yoon Lee) 서울대학교 보건환경연구소 2007 보건학논집 Vol.44 No.1

지역사회 자발적 결사체의 연결방과 지역사회역량

정민수 ( Min Soo Jung ),조병희 ( Byong Hee Cho ),이성천 ( Sung Cheon Lee ) 한국보건행정학회 2007 보건행정학회지 Vol.17 No.4

The paradigm of health promotion requests community participation and its active problem-solving. Community is conceptualized as a resource pool to be organized Such resource is called community capacity, Community participation is a process of capacity building. Community voluntary associations are considered as valuable resource to be used for health promotion. This paper tried to identify the network structure among community voluntary associations and to infer the possibility to make such network of organizations participate in health promotion programs, Two survey data were used for this research: 1) Measurements and Evalvations of Community Capacity on Dobong-gu (N=94) 2) A development plan of health medicine service to be Healthy Gangdong-gu. (N=69) The questionnaire included such variables measuring community capacity as leadership, membership, organizational resources, and inter-organizational network, etc, Both regions had the following common characteristics: 1) There were positive correlations between the organization`s budget and membership, 2) Organizational types were associated with their founded years, Two regions showed the following differences: Dobong displayed the high density of community organizations, but Gangdong showed the low density, Dobong community organizations were able to be classified into three network clusters such as women & environments, youth & adolescent, and sports organizations, Each cluster of organizations favored the different type of health promotion programs, Gangdong community organizations were less developed, and not possible to be clustered Depending upon the level of community capacity or community organizations` differentiation, the strategy of community participation could be settle down in different ways, Farticularly the health agency had to pay more attention to support the growth of civil organizations.

교사학습공동체의 협력적 멘토링을 위한 핵심역량 개발 및 적용에 관한 실행연구

정민수(Jung, Minsoo) 한국열린교육학회 2020 열린교육연구 Vol.28 No.2

본 실행연구의 목적은 교사학습공동체에서 활동하는 멘토교사들의 핵심역량을 개발하여 멘티교사의 전문성을 강화할 수 있는 협력적 멘토링 프로그램의 설계 및 운영 방안을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위해 협력적 멘토링과 관련된 선행연구를 분석하고 교육과정 재구성을 위한 동학년 중심의 교사학습공동체를 구성하였다. 또한 교사학습공동체에서 멘토교사로 활동하는 전문가 집단을 인터뷰하고 개방형 설문지를 통해 핵심역량에 대한 기초조사를 하였으며, 다시 전문가 집단에 대한 델파이조사와 핵심역량 선정과정을 거쳐 멘토교사들이 갖춰야 할 20개의 핵심역량을 도출하였다. 그러나 최종 핵심역량 전문가(12명) 선정회의를 거쳐 단기간 교육만으로는 강화가 어려운 핵심역량과 기존 교육 프로그램에 이미 반영되어 중복되는 핵심역량을 제외하여 최종 18개의 멘토교사 핵심역량을 선정하였다. 그리고 체계적인 협력적 멘토링 프로그램을 구성하기 위해 멘토교사가 갖춰야할 핵심역량을 교수설계역량, 수업촉진역량, 성찰지원역량의 3가지 역량군으로 분류하였다. 또한 협력적 멘토링 프로그램에 반영하는 핵심역량을 각 역량군별로 개인 및 상황의 하위역량(3개)과 지식 및 기술의 하위역량(3개)으로 재정리하고, 이를 모듈화하여 협력적 멘토링 프로그램을 구안하였다. 마지막으로 교사학습공동체에서 협력적 멘토링 프로그램을 효과적으로 운영하기 위해 각 모듈을 역량진단(Diagnosis), 협력학습(Learning), 역량개발(Development), 응용실천(Practice)의 4단계로 구성하였다. 이러한 협력적 멘토링 프로그램의 적용은 교사학습공동체에서 활동하는 멘토교사들의 핵심역량을 강화하고 교육과정 재구성을 실천하는데 실질적인 개선책이 될 것으로 기대되었다. The purpose of this action research is to develop the core competencies of mentor teachers working in the teacher learning community, and to suggest ways to design and operate a collaborative mentoring program that can enhance the professionalism of mentee teachers. To this end, we analyzed precedent research related to collaborative mentoring and formed a teacher learning community centered on the same grade for the curriculum reconstruction. We also interviewed a group of experts acting as mentors in the teacher learning community and conducted basic research on core competencies through an open questionnaire. Through the Delphi survey of the expert group and the selection of core competencies, 20 core competencies that mentor teachers should possess were drawn. Next, through the selection meeting of the final core competency experts (12 people), the final 18 mentor teachers core competencies were selected by excluding core competencies that were difficult to reinforce with short-term training alone and those that were already reflected in existing training programs and overlapped. In addition, in order to construct a systematic collaborative mentoring program, the core competencies that a mentor should possess were classified into three competency groups: teaching design competency, teaching facilitation competency, and reflection support competency. The core competencies reflected in the collaborative mentoring program were then readjusted into sub-competencies of individuals and situations and sub-competencies of knowledge and skills for each competency group, and the collaborative mentoring program was developed by modularizing them. Lastly, in order to effectively operate a collaborative mentoring program in the teacher learning community, each module was composed of four stages: competency diagnosis, collaborative learning, competency development, and application practice. The application of this collaborative mentoring program is expected to be a practical improvement for strengthening the core competencies of mentor teachers working in the teacher learning community and practicing curriculum reconstruction.

보건의료 조직에서 리더십 유형, 직무만족, 조직몰입 간의 구조적 관계

정민수(Minsoo Jung),이보혜(Bohye Lee),최만규(Mankyu Choi) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2009 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Healthcare organizations need mutual cooperation among various medical professionals in order to carry out the performance of their duties spite of having a strong job specialization and independence based on license. However, spite of the importance of leadership roles, there have not been enough researches dealt with leadership effect under the complex duties' relationship of a healthcare organization. This study suggested a new model by combining characteristics of leadership style, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment using Structural Equation Model(SEM). The data were self-administered questionnaires collected in 2006 from 437 employees(nurses, medical technicians, and administrative staffs)of 5 hospitals located in Seoul. The items of questionnaire were composed as a method of choosing new leadership style based on the Bass's standardized questionaire on a trasactional/transformational leadership combining the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire-XII (LBDQ-XII) of the Ohio State University and Graen and Uhl-Hien's LMK scale through simulation techniques responding to organizational commitment. As a result, the leadership style increasing employees' self-confidence and having continuous response relationship between managers and employees improved their discretion and empowerment as well as worthwhileness and pride. However, the leadership style emphasizing reward and a sense of duty brought about a bed result that was not able to effectively respond to employees' discretion and empowerment and even weakened their worthwhileness and pride. After all, the leadership style based on vision and change had an effect on organizational commitment but the other one based on reward and a sense of duty seemed to be unsuccessful in organizational comitment. Therefore, the desirable leadership in a healthcare organization should be based on employees' self-confidence and continuous response relationship between manager and employees.