미국 지방정부 재정파산의 원인 분석 -파산승인 도시를 중심으로-

임재영(林栽永) 한국지방자치학회 2019 韓國地方自治學會報 Vol.31 No.2

최근의 경기침체로 인한 여러 지방정부의 재정부실 문제로 지방파산제에 대한 대중의 관심이 높아졌다. 박근혜 정부 또한 지방파산제 도입을 고려하면서 정치권의 관심 또한 높아졌다. 이에 맞춰 지방파산제를 둘러싼 쟁점을 논의하고자 하는 학계의 다양한 시도도 전개되었다. 특히 미국의 지방파산제를 이해하려는 노력이 많았고, 따라서 주로 제도의 역사와 절차에 주목했다. 이러한 노력에도 불구하고, 아직까지 왜 미국의 일부 지방정부가 재정파산을 했는지에 대한 체계적인 학술적 논의는 진행되지 않았다. 본 논문은 대공황을 기점으로 2008년에서 2017년 사이 재정파산한 미국의 지방정부 사례를 살펴보고, 나아가 파산원인을 도출하였다. 이는 향후 파산제 도입 시 고려되어야 할 사항을 사전에 점검하고, 나아가 한국의 적용 가능성을 파악하는 데 유용한 시사점을 제공할 것이다. 또한 한국정부에서 파산제를 도입하지 않더라도, 지방 재정위기의 원인을 파악하는데 용이할 것이며, 이는 궁극적으로 지방경쟁력을 강화하는데 기여할 것이다. The Great Recession reawakened the public"s interest in fiscal distress of local governments and local bankruptcy. The central government in Korea also tried to introduce local bankruptcy in Korea. Several studies have explored issues surrounding local bankruptcy, In particular, they focused mainly on American local bankruptcy, its history, and procedures. Still, there are few studies examining what causes some local governments to declare bankruptcy, based on several cases. This articles examines American local governments that have had court-approved bankruptcy between 2008 and 2017, with the exception to Orange County having unique causes of bankruptcy. In doing so, the study will help policymakers further their understanding of local bankruptcy as an institution. Even if Korea may not adopt the system, the study"s findings will be still beneficial for those that want to avoid fiscal malpractices and improve their fiscal shape. Ultimately, the study will offer lessons for local governments in their pursuit of strengthening competitiveness.

공공봉사동기와 직무성과: 조직구조의 조절효과를 중심으로

임재영(林栽永),문국경(文國景) 한국정부학회 2019 한국행정논집 Vol.31 No.2

공직봉사동기에 대한 연구가 행정학계를 중심으로 최근 활발히 전개되고 있다. 특히 사적부문과 같이 금전적 인센티브 제공이 쉽지 않은 공적 부문에서 조직성과를 향상할 수 있는 대안으로 공직봉사동기가 학문적 주목을 받고 있다. 다양한 선행연구에서 이미 공공봉사동기가 직무성과에 긍정적 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 공공봉사동기와 직무성과 관련, 조직구조의 조절효과를 실증하는 연구는 여태껏 많지 않다. 본 연구는 ‘자기결정성’ 이론을 근거로, 조직구조의 특성인 집권화와 공식화가 직무성과에 미치는 공공봉사동기의 영향력을 검증하였다. 분석 결과 선행연구와 같이 공공봉사동기가 직무성과에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 또한, 집권화와 공식화도 직무성과와 정(+)의 관계를 맺는 것으로 나타났다. 다만 집권화와 공식화가 공공봉사동기를 조절하는 것으로 검증되어, 지나친 공식화와 집권화 정도가 조직구성원의 공공봉사동기를 저해하는 것으로 드러났다. 연구결과는 공무원에게 어느 정도의 재량권을 부여하고, 직무의 지나친 절차와 공식화는 피해야함을 시사한다. Over the last three decades, many scholars have explored public service motivation as well as its impact on diverse performance-related variables. As public organizations are increasingly under pressure to improve their performance, public service motivation has emerged as a useful concept for performance improvement in the public sector. Still, few studies have examined moderating effects of organizational structure on the relationship between public service motivation and job performance. Employing self-determination theory, we empirically examined such effects. Our results show that public service motivation is still positively associated with job performance. On the other hand, centralization and formalization, as characteristics of organizational structure, also positively influence job performance. However, centralization and formalization are revealed to moderate the relationship between public service motivation and job performance. Our study offers crucial lessons for leaders intent on improving public organizations: leaders need to increase employee"s discretions and avoid an extreme degree of centralization and formalization that would be detrimental to their organizations.

수동형 로봇팔을 이용한 뇌수술 적용에 관한 연구

임재영(J.Y.Lim),김준호(J.H.Kim),김정하(J.H.Kim),이동준(D.J.Lee),이정교(J.K.Lee) 제어로봇시스템학회 1999 제어로봇시스템학회 합동학술대회 논문집 Vol.1999 No.3

FEM 기법을 이용한 연소기 내 열음향 해석

임재영(Jeayoung Im),김지환(Jihwan Kim),김성구(Seongku Kim),김대식(Daesik Kim) 대한기계학회 2014 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2014 No.5

연령과 성별이 한국 노인의 신체 기능과 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

임재영,김병희,박준혁,이석범,백남종,김기웅 대한재활의학회 2007 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.31 No.4

Objective: To investigate the physical function of Korean elderly by age and gender and to assess the impact of declined physical function on their quality of life. Method: The Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA) is designed as a populationbased prospective cohort study on health and aging of Korean elderly aged 65 years and over. In one city among the central metropolitan area for one year, 1,000 subjects includeing a simple random sample and an oldest-old subpopulation participated in baseline study. All subjects are older than 65 years (76.3±14.8, 65∼98 years). We surveyed their general characteristics and symptoms related physical function and examined physical function, functional disabilities, balance function and quality of life with standardized assessment tools. Results: The strengths of quadriceps were preserved over the functional level, but BMI was significantly reduced according to age irrespective of sex. Physical function and quality of life were consistently decreased according to age in female elderly, especially over 80 years. On the contrary, male elderly under 85 years preserved their physical function. In 85∼89 year group, they showed the remarkable disabilities related to musculoskeletal conditions or pain and decrease of balance. Elderly people had greater disabilities and lesser confidence for balance, lower quality of life irrespective of sex. Conclusion:Significant gender differences in Korean elderly were found in the patterns of functional decline. Physical dysfunctions and disabilities are main factors lowering quality of life.

The Effect of Doctor’s Payment Method on Patient’s Medical Care Use: Revisit of the Patient’s Asymmetric Information Problem

임재영,조창익 한국개발연구원 2011 KDI Journal of Economic Policy (KDI JEP) Vol.33 No.1

Although the patient’s problem with access to health information has been improved due to rapidly developing information technologies, such as the internet, some patients still do not have enough ability to understand, interpret, and analyze the health information. Given this view on the patient’s asymmetric information problem, if a doctor provides sufficient effort to help patients understand and interpret medical information, the efficiency of patient’s medical care use could be improved. This paper shows firstly that the patient’s inefficient use of medical care originates from his information problems, such as the misperception of the effectiveness of medical care and secondly suggests that if the doctor makes sufficient effort to correct patient’s information problems, the inefficiency can be ameliorated. This paper also suggests the manipulation of a doctor’s payment method can lead a doctor to provide optimal level of efforts which can in turn lead patients to use the optimal level of medical care. With an optimal level of effort, a doctor can more easily achieve a patient’s compliance with the newly recommended amount of medical care.

Agency Politicization and the Decline of Neutral Competence: The Case of OMB in the United States

임재영 서울대학교행정대학원 2019 The Korean Journal of Policy Studies Vol.34 No.1

The modern presidency is heavily politicized. The president is expected to be the chief legislator, chief economist, chief psychiatrist, and chief diplomat for the nation and is the cog around which national affairs revolve. However, a politicized presidency signals the downfall of the managerial presidency that was buttressed by agencies with neutral competence. This article traces the evolution of an American budgetary agency, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) from its inception to the present, documenting the baleful impact of the politicized presidency on the OMB. Amid politicization, the OMB lost its professional reputation for neutral competence and was replaced by the Congressional Budget Office as the foremost authority on national budgetary matters. This article, in essence, presents a cautionary tale of agency politicization in modern bureaucracy.

실제적인 환경보전이 필요

임재영 한국환경기술인연합회 1988 환경기술인 Vol.25 No.-

The Information Effect of Medical Examination on Individual Health Promotion Behaviors: Evidence from Korea

임재영 한국개발연구원 2011 KDI Journal of Economic Policy (KDI JEP) Vol.33 No.1

This paper demonstrates empirically that individuals who monitor indicators of their current cardiovascular health status by undergoing medical examinations are more likely to invest in their own health than those who do not observe such monitoring protocols. Using data from the 2001 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of Korea in a structural econometric model, this paper attempts to control the endogeneity problem inherent to the individual decision as to whether to undergo medical examinations, and provides estimation results showing that increased individual health awareness via medical examinations exerts a statistically significant positive effect on health investments. From the policy perspective, the estimation results of this paper may provide a rationale supporting the health policy of free provision of health examination services to the insured via National Health Insurance.

국부 화염전달함수 모델링과 Helmholtz solver를 이용한 연소불안정 해석

임재영(Jaeyoung Lim),표영민(Youngmin Pyo),김성구(Sung-Ku Kim),차동진(Dong Jin Cha),김대식(Daesik Kim) 한국추진공학회 2016 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.5

대부분의 열음향 모델은 얇은 화염면을 가정하고 해석하기 때문에 이러한 과도한 화염장의 단순화로부터 정의된 모델의 예측값은 실험 결과와 비교할 때, 무시할 수 없는 오차가 존재하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 화염의 공간적인 분포를 고려하기 위한 하나의 방법인 국부화염전달함수를 소개하고 이를 적용하여 열음향 해석 문제에서 열분포가 불안정 예측 결과에 미치는 영향을 비교, 평가하였다. 전역 화염전달함수를 이용한 모델보다 국부 화염전달함수를 적용한 모델이 성장률 예측에 있어서 오차가 줄어드는 것으로 나타났다. Most thermoacoustic(TA) models assume that the rate of heat release occurs at infinitely thin flames. This over-simplification of the reaction zone in the model is found to affect the prediction accuracy. The current paper introduces a local flame transfer function(FTF) as one of the methods considering heat release distribution. From the TA modeling results, the prediction accuracy when using the local FTF can be improved in comparison with the models using the global FTF.