Assessment of Soil Fungal Communities Using Pyrosequencing

임영운,Byung Kwon Kim,Changmu Kim,Hack Sung Jung,김봉수,Jae-Hak Lee,천종식 한국미생물학회 2010 The journal of microbiology Vol.48 No.3

Pyrosequencing, a non-electrophoretic method of DNA sequencing, was used to investigate the extensive fungal community in soils of three islands in the Yellow Sea of Korea, between Korea and China. Pyrosequencing was carried out on amplicons derived from the 5′ region of 18S rDNA. A total of 10,166 reads were obtained, with an average length of 103 bp. The maximum number of fungal phylotypes in soil predicted at 99% similarity was 3,334. The maximum numbers of phylotypes predicted at 97% and 95% similarities were 736 and 286, respectively. Through phylogenetic assignment using BLASTN, a total of 372 tentative taxa were identified. The majority of true fungal sequences recovered in this study belonged to the Ascomycota (182 tentative taxa in 2,708 reads) and Basidiomycota (172 tentative taxa in 6,837 reads). The predominant species of Ascomycota detected have been described as lichen-forming fungi, litter/wood decomposers, plant parasites, endophytes, and saprotrophs: Peltigera neopolydactyla (Lecanoromycetes), Paecilomyces sp. (Sordariomycetes), Phacopsis huuskonenii (Lecanoromycetes), and Raffaelea hennebertii (mitosporic Ascomycota). The majority of sequences in the Basidiomycota matched ectomycorrhizal and wood rotting fungi, including species of the Agaricales and Aphyllophorales, respectively. A high number of sequences in the Thelephorales, Boletales, Stereales, Hymenochaetales, and Ceratobasidiomycetes were also detected. By applying high-throughput pyrosequencing, we observed a high diversity of soil fungi and found evidence that pyrosequencing is a reliable technique for investigating fungal communities in soils.

수종 미기록 민주름버섯류의 분류학적 연구 (6)

임영운,홍순규,정학성 한국균학회 1999 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.11 No.1

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한국산 꽃구름버섯속의 분류학적 연구

임영운,정학성 한국균학회 1999 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.27 No.5

The genus Stereum is consisted of species having smooth, binucleate amyloid spores, pseudocystidia and dimitic basidiocarps without clamps. There are five recorded species of Stereum in Korea. Through the specimen examination of Seoul National University Fungal Collection, five more species of Stereum, S. subtomentosum, S. peculiare, S. sanguinolentum, S. striatum and S. complicatum, were confirmed as unrecorded species to Korea. They are registered here with Korean names as well as English descriptions and a key to Korean Stereum species is attached together.

한국산 민주름버섯목의 분류학적 연구 (4) - 수종 미기록 목재부후균류에 대하여 -

임영운(Young Woon Lim),홍순규(Soon Gyu Hong),정학성(Hack Sung Jung) 한국균학회 1999 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.27 No.1

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Root-associated bacteria influencing mycelial growth of Tricholoma matsutake (pine mushroom)

오승윤,임영운 한국미생물학회 2018 The journal of microbiology Vol.56 No.6

Tricholoma matsutake is an ectomycorrhizal fungus usually associated with Pinus densiflora in South Korea. Fruiting bodies (mushrooms) of T. matsutake are economically important due to their attractive aroma; yet, T. matsutake is uncultivatable and its habitat is rapidly being eradicated due to global climate change. Root-associated bacteria can influence the growth of ectomycorrhizal fungi that co-exist in the host rhizosphere and distinctive bacterial communities are associated with T. matsutake. In this study, we investigated how these bacterial communities affect T. matsutake growth by isolating bacteria from the roots of P. densiflora colonized by ectomycorrhizae of T. matsutake and co-culturing rootassociated bacteria with T. matsutake isolates. Thirteen species of bacteria (27 isolates) were found in pine roots, all belonging to the orders Bacillales or Burkholderiales. Two species in the genus Paenibacillus promoted the growth of T. matsutake in glucose poor conditions, likely using soluble metabolites. In contrast, other bacteria suppressed the growth of T. matsutake using both soluble and volatile metabolites. Antifungal activity was more frequent in glucose poor conditions. In general, pine rhizospheres harbored many bacteria that had a negative impact on T. matsutake growth and the few Paenibacillus species that promoted T. matsutake growth. Paenibacillus species, therefore, may represent a promising resource toward successful cultivation of T. matsutake.

Phalloides Syndrome의 임상적 고찰

김규석,임영운,정중식,신상도,표창해,이중의,서길준,정성은,윤여규,박정배,서강석,유은영,임용수 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Background: To review the important features and treatment modalities of phalloides syndrome. Method: We perfomed a retrospective analysis of 16 patients with phalloides syndrome who visited the Emergency Center of Seoul National University Hospital, Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Gachon Medical College Hospital, and Kyungpook National University Hospital from July 1st to August 31st, 1998. Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis(p<0.05). Results: 9 were male and 7 were female. The mean age was 54 years(men 46 years, women 65 years). Fourteen cases(88%) occurred in Kyungpook area. All cases of phalloides syndrome resulted from mistaking toxic mushrooms for edible mushrooms. The doses of ingestion of mushroom were not available because the patient could not remember the exact amounts. The identification of mushrooms in 4 cases was confirmed by mycologist, 6 cases by mushroom photoatlas, and remained 6 cases were not confirmed. The initial symptoms of mushroom poisoning were abdominal pain, nausea, and watery diarrhea. The time intervals from the ingestion of mushroom to the onset of symptom were from 6 to 13 hours(mean 11.3±2.68 hours). The laboratory data showed the increased GOT and GPT, prolonged prothrombin time, elevated serum creatinine level, and decreased platelet count. The initial management of phalloides mushroom poisoning was done conservatively, but the early specific treatments such as gastrointestinal decontamination, administration of activated charcoal, IV penicillin or silymarin were not perfomed in all cases. The mortality rate was 18.8%. There were significant differences in total bilirubin, prothrombin time, platelet count, and serum creatinine between survival and non-survival group(p<0.05) Conclusion: It is important to know the morphological differences between edible and toxic mushroom for prevention of phalloides syndrome. If the patient with acute gastroenteritis has a history of mushroom ingestion, the emergency physician should suspect phalloides syndrome and start early proper treatment. For the identification of mushroom it is desirable to contact a mycologist.

Six unrecorded macrofungi from the Royal Tombs (Donggureung and Seooreung) of the Joseon Dynasty and Jongmyo Shrine, Korea

조해진,임영운,Vladimir Li,Suldbold Jargalmaa,김남규,김민지,이현 국립생물자원관 2018 Journal of species research Vol.7 No.1

Macrofungi are visible to the naked eye and play important ecological roles in nutrient cycles as decomposers and symbionts in forest ecosystems. Collectively, macrofungi have great potential as valuable resources for food, cosmetics, and medicinal uses. We surveyed the Royal Tombs (Donggureung and Seooreung) of the Joseon Dynasty and Jongmyo Shrine, where the surrounding vegetation is well-preserved, to investigate indigenous macrofungi. During surveys in 2015-2016, we discovered six macrofungi that were previously not recorded to Korea. They were identified to the species level using morphological features and phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer region: Cruentomycena kedrovaya, Dacrymyces aureosporus, Laetiporus versisporus, Parasola setulosa, Piptoporellus soloniensis, and Pluteus longistriatus. The detailed morphological descriptions and molecular analysis are provided in this study.

Fungal Community Associated with Genetically Modified Poplar During Metal Phytoremediation

허문석,임영운,유재정,전세욱,최영임,윤석환,박상철,김동일,이하나 한국미생물학회 2012 The journal of microbiology Vol.50 No.6

Due to the increasing demand for phytoremediation, many transgenic poplars have been developed to enhance the bioremediation of heavy metals. However, structural changes to indigenous fungal communities by genetically modified organisms (GMO) presents a major ecological issue, due to the important role of fungi for plant growth in natural environments. To evaluate the effect of GM plant use on environmental fungal soil communities, extensive sequencing-based community analysis was conducted, while controlling the influence of plant clonality, plant age, soil condition, and harvesting season. The rhizosphere soils of GM and wild type (WT) poplars at a range of growth stages were sampled together with unplanted, contaminated soil, and the fungal community structures were investigated by pyrosequencing the D1/D2 region of the 28S rRNA gene. The results show that the overall structure of the rhizosphere fungal community was not significantly influenced by GM poplars. However, the presence of GM specific taxa, and faster rate of community change during poplar growth, appeared to be characteristic of the GM plant-induced effects on soil-born fungal communities. The results of this study provide additional information about the potential effects of GM poplar trees aged 1.5–3 years, on the soil fungal community.

A New record of four Penicillium species isolated from Agarum clathratum in Korea

박명수,이서빈,임영운 한국미생물학회 2017 The journal of microbiology Vol.55 No.4

Agarum clathratum, brown algae, play important ecologicalroles in marine ecosystem, but can cause secondary environmentpollution when they pile up on the beach. In order toresolve the environment problem by A. clathratum, we focusto isolate and identify Penicillium because many species arewell known to produce extracellular enzymes. A total of 32Penicillium strains were isolated from A. clathratum samplesthat collected from 13 sites along the mid-east coast ofKorea in summer. They were identified based on morphologicalcharacters and phylogenetic analysis using β-tubulinDNA sequences as well as a combined dataset of β-tubulinand calmodulin. A total of 32 strains were isolated and theywere identified to 13 Penicillium species. The commonly isolatedspecies were Penicillium citrinum, P. roseomaculatum,and Penicillium sp. Among 13 Penicillium species, four species– P. bilaiae, P. cremeogriseum, P. madriti, and P. roseomaculatum– have not been previously recorded in Korea. For these four new species records to Korea, we provide morphologicalcharacteristics of each strain.

한국의 대표 곰팡이 100종과 한국명

최효원 ( Hyo-won Choi ),임영운 ( Young Woon Lim ),김명동 ( Myoung-dong Kim ),김자영 ( Jayoung Kim ),김창무 ( Changmu Kim ),김창선 ( Chang Sun Kim ),도윤수 ( Yun-su Do ),백창기 ( Chang-gi Back ),상현규 ( Hyunkyu Sang ),신우창 ( Woo 한국균학회 2020 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.48 No.3

One hundred representative species of fungi in Korea were selected and their Korean names were proposed to increase interest in fungi among Korean people. This task was performed under the supervision of the Committee of Mycological Terms, under the Korean Society of Mycology. First, the committee established the criteria for selecting 100 representative species of fungi in Korea and then selected the candidate fungal species accordingly. To ensure the uniformity and stability of Korean fungal names, the principle of naming fungi in Korean was established, and the candidate Korean fungal names were presented accordingly. Finally, the candidate Korean fungal names were posted online to collect opinions of the members of the Korean Society of Mycology. The candidate Korean names of the plant pathogenic fungi and mushrooms were reviewed by the Korean Society of Plant Pathology and the Korean Society of Mushroom Science, respectively. After their opinions were considered, the Korean names for 100 representative fungi in Korea were finally determined. The 100 fungi comprised 41 common molds and yeasts, 28 plant pathogenic fungi, and 31 mushrooms.