지상미술전

이향주 대한토목학회 1995 대한토목학회지 Vol.43 No.7

마약성 진통제 Morphine, Fentanyl 과 Ketorolac Tromethamine, Droperidol 의 혼합 정주에 의한 술후 통증치료

이향주,이강창,김태요 대한마취과학회 1995 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.29 No.4

Continuous intravenous infusions of opioids can provide better pain relief than intermittent injection but may be associated with increased incidence of undesirable side effects including respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting and urinary retention. Ketorolac tromethamine is a new, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. It has significant analgesic properties without respiratory and cardiovascular depression. Mixing of opioids and ketorolac may lessen these complications without reducing analgesic effect. In six groups, we assessed the effect of postoperative pain control using morphine or fentanyl, ketorolac and droperidol. Each group consists of 100 patients. Patients in group 1, group 2, and group 3 received 2 mg of morphine via intravenous injection following the induction of anesthesia. Patients in group 1 were then continuously infused with additional 48 mg of morphine, patients in group 2 received additional 18 mg of morphine plus 120 mg of ketorolac, and patients in the group 3 were treated with the same protocol as group 2 but 2.5 mg of droperidol was added. For patients in group 4, group 5, and group 6 initially received 20 ug of fentanyl after induction of anesthesia. The rest of dose were treated with similar protocols as group I, group 2, group 3, respectively. In group 4, group 5, and group 6, morphine was substituted to 500 ug, 200 ug, and 200 ug of fentanyl, respectively. In all patients, initial dose of drug was given by bolus of intravenous injection and the rest of dose was delivered via intravenous using a Baxter Two Day Infusor or a Paragon 100. Pain scores and side effects were recorded every twelve hours for three days. No significant difference was found between the groups although pain control effect was excellent in all groups. Untoward effects were least in morphine or fentanyl-ketorolac-droperidol(group 3, group 6). It could be concluded that mixing of opioids, ketorolac and dtoperidol would be better than opioids alone.

계발활동으로서의 수학활용 사례

이향주 덕성여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2009 자연과학 논문집 Vol.15 No.-

인류의 역사가 시작되면서 인간은 자연의 여러 가지 현상들에 대하여 정확하게 이해하려고 노력하였고 이러한 자연에 대한 호기심은 수학이라는 학문을 이루어 현재의 문명을 만들었다. 또한 우리가 살아갈 미래 사회는 급속히 발전하고 있는 첨단과학과 이를 응용하는 기술에 의하여 크게 변해가고 있다. 따라서 현대 사회는 스스로 사고하고 논리적으로 탐구하며 추론하는 능력 즉, 수학적 힘을 기르며 수학적 창의력과 문제해결력 그리고 다양한 수학적 사고기능을 요구하고 있다. 이러한 사회의 변화에도 불구하고 수학교육의 현실은 위기에 직면하고 있다. 수학을 싫어하는 학생의 비율이 증가하고 초 · 중 · 고 대학생들의 수학 학력 수준은 떨어져가고 있다. 이러한 결과를 초래한 근본 원인으로 우리나라 교육에서 수십 년 동안 변화되지 않고 있는 ‘주입식 위주의 암기식 교육’을 지적할 수 있고 교과목이 지식위주로 운영되기 때문이라고 보고 우리 교육의 개선과 질 관리를 위해 노력해 온 것은 무엇인지, 수업 설계의 문제점 제기와 변화의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 본 소고에서는 2005년도 초등학교 계발활동 수업 중 수학교육 교과과정으로 실시한 수업 내용을 소개하고 그 결과 및 기대효과를 검토하여 계발활동으로 수학 수업을 활용할 수 있는 방안과 문제점 및 향후 실시되는 계발활동의 발전을 도모하고자 한다.

An extended theorem for gradients and subgradients

이향주 충청수학회 2011 충청수학회지 Vol.24 No.2

In this paper, we introduce certain concepts which we will provide us with a perspective and insight into the problem of calculating best approximations. The material of this paper will be mainly, but not only, used in developing algorithms for the one-sided and two-sided sided approximation problem.

생쥐 피부의 창상치유에 관한 형태학적 관찰

이향주,이영호,김홍선,김원식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1989 충남의대잡지 Vol.16 No.1

The back skin of ICR mice were incised. The skin tissues were obtained from the incised wound on the 1st day, 1st weeks, and 2nd week after incision. And these tissue were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution. And, the formalin-fixed tissues were stained by PAS and alcian blue-safranin for the research of morphological changes of epidermis and the mast cells and granulation tissues of dermis. The tissues fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution were prepared for scanning electron micros-copy, and observed the crusts of scar surface. The results were as follows. 1. The collagen fibers in he granulation tissues at wound region were increased gradually, and became more dense than normal skin on the 2nd week after incision. 2. The newly-formed epidermis was thicker than that of normal skin at the 1st week, and increased in thickness to the 2nd week after incision gradually. 3. The mast cells were decreased in number than those of normal skin on the 1st day after incision, however, increased than those of normal skin on the 1st week after incision. On the 2nd week, the number of the mast cell were similar to those of normal skin. 4. Mixed mast cells containing both histamine and heparin appeared the granulation tissues on the 1st day and 1st week after incision. 5. In scanning electron microscopy, fibrin network on the scar began to appear on the 1st day, formed in a row on the 1st week. But fibrin network changed into irregular rough crusts on the 2nd week after incision.

한국수학 어디까지 왔자

이향주 덕성여자대학교 수학과 1985 수창 Vol.1 No.-

고지혈증에서의 Lovastatin (Mevacor(r)) 의 임상효과

이향주,민철홍,최강식,유왕성,유언호 대한순환기학회 1991 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.21 No.4

흰쥐 횡격막 신경-근 표본에서 근 수축효과에 미치는 Tetraethylammonium 의 영향

이향주,이광수,김태요,송윤강,최봉규 대한마취과학회 1996 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.30 No.1

Background: Recently, the phannacologic and therapeutic significance of various types of potassium channels are being realized. Thus it was attempted to delineate the role of voltage-gated K-channels on the excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. Methads: The effects of tetraethylammonium, a well known K^+-channel blocker, on the electrically-evoked twitch response, train-of-four and tetanic stimulation, and the influence of various agents on the these effects were studied in the isolated rat hemi-diaphragm preparation. Results: Tetraethylammonium (1 & 3 mM) increased the electrically-evoked twitch response, but the large dose (10 mM) decreased the twitch response. And tetraethylammonium decreased the TOF- and tetanus-ratio in a dose-related fashion. d-Tubocurarine (1 uM) decreased the twitch response, and tetraethylammonium recovered the d-tubocurarine- induced-depression of twitch response. When the Ca^(++)(6 ×) and K^+ (2 ×) concentration of the medium were increased, the twitch response caud by tetraethylammonium were slightly inhibited than that observed in the normal solution, but the fade phenomenon was potentiated. The tetraethylammonium (10 mM)-induced depression of twitch response were reduced by reducing the stimulus frequency to 0.01 Hz and choline (400 μM) treatment. And N-ethylmaleimide inhibited the tetraethylammonium-induced increment of twitch response and also potentiated the tetraethylammonium-induced fade phenomenon. However, it is noteworth the 4-aminopy- ridine, another K^+-channel bloker, potentiated the electrically-evoked twitch response but did not affect the TOF-and tetanusratio. Conclusion: These result indicate that tetraethylammonium elicited two districtive types of response in the rat phrenic-hemidiaphragm preparation. The potentiating effects of twitch response is mediated by blocking delayed K^+-rectifier channel and decreasing effects of twitch response, TOF-and tetanus-ratio is may be due to decreased the acetylcholine release from presynaptic nerve terminal.

폐결핵 치료중 발현된 척수 및 뇌결핵종 1례

이향주,엄혜숙,김덕자,조동일,유남수,이상현,정근호 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 1999 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.89 No.0

총수담관 결석을 동반한 담관 낭선암 1예

이향주,신용원,한호용,박신희,전하영,장석,권학중,신경철 대한소화기학회 1998 대한소화기학회지 Vol.31 No.5

Biliary cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas are rare tumors of biliary origin and constitute less than 5% of the total intrahepatic cysts of bile duct origin. They occur most commonly in middle age females. Clinical manifestations are non-specific, so these tumors are incidentally found during autopsy or surgery. The ultrasonogram, abdominal CT scan, angiography and aspiration cytology are valuable diagnostic methods. The typical sonographic appearance of these tumors is a large intrahepatic globular or ovoid thick-walled cystic mass which often contains multiple septations or papillary infoldings. The characteristic CT appearance of these tumors is similar to that of a low-density intrahepatic mass which may cantain mural nodule or internal septation. However, regardless of the diagnostic modalities, pre-operative diagnosis as well as intra-operative one is difficult. Since biliary cystadenocarcinomas are believed to arise from benign cystadenornas, complete surgical resections, if possible, is a warranted method to avoid malignant change of these tumor. We report one of biliary cystadenocarcinoma canfirmed by the operation with review of the literatures.