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나노 물질 및 제품의 안전 관리: 윤리적 원리 및 행위지침 고찰
이중원,Lee, Jung-Won 한국진공학회 2010 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.19 No.6
Recently as the reports on toxicity of some nanomaterials and the nanoproducts containing these nanomaterials are rapidly increasing, the safety management issues about nanomaterials and nanoproducts are emerging hot. Especially safety in the workplace and that of consumers and the protection of environment, in other words safeties throughout the life-cycle of nanomaterials and products become core issues. Despite the importance of such a safety management, however, it is very difficult to construct the hard regulatory framework for safety, owing to uncertainties and potentialities of nano-risk. In this paper I will look around the ethical principles and guidelines for safety management which are preferentially required before going into the discussion on the construction of hard-regulation such as law and something like that. Under the circumstance that hard-regulations for safety management are not implementable, these principles and guidelines are expected to play a leading part in building the responsible risk-governance framework for nanomaterials and nanoproducts, and finally to become a cornerstone of the hard risk-governance framework. 최근 나노 물질의 독성에 대한 보고와 나노 물질을 함유한 제품들의 급속한 증가 그리고 제조 과정에서의 나노 물질의 폭 넓은 응용으로 인해, 나노 물질 및 제품의 안전 관리 문제가 중요한 쟁점으로 부상하고 있다. 특히 작업장에서의 안전, 제품을 사용하는 소비자의 안전 그리고 환경 보호 등 나노 물질 및 제품의 전주기 과정에 걸친 안전 확보가 문제다. 하지만 나노 물질 및 제품의 위험이 잠재적이고 불확정적이기에, 이것들을 대상으로 하는 엄격한 안전 관련 규제체계를 구축하는 것은 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 쟁점들과 관련하여 나노 물질을 연구 개발하고 나노 제품을 생산하는 각 기관들이 안전에 관한 책임 있는 거버넌스(governance)를 구현하기 위해 현재 최선의 것으로 취할 수 있는(엄밀히 말해 취해야 하는) 윤리적인 행위 조치들과 이에 바탕이 되는 윤리적인 원리들을 살펴보고자 한다. 그리고 이것이 법적.제도적인 차원의 견고한 안전관리 체계를 구축하는데 중요한 한 축을 형성함을 강조하고자 한다.
SF<sub>6</sub> 분해 및 무해화 시스템의 개념 설계 및 운영 결과
이중원,김미영,안지호,변영환,Joongwon, Lee,Miyeong, Kim,Jiho, Ahn,Younghwan, Byun Korea Electric Power Corporation 2022 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.8 No.2
SF<sub>6</sub> is used as an insulating gas because of its excellent electrical insulation properties, non-toxicity, and non-inflammability. On the other hand, the global warming potential of SF<sub>6</sub> is 23,900 times higher than that of CO<sub>2</sub>. The Korea electric power cooperation (KEPCO) is responsible for 80% of the domestic SF<sub>6</sub> usage, and approximately 6,000 tons are currently charged in electrical and power facilities. KEPCO will gradually replace the insulating gas with SF<sub>6</sub>-free gas from 2023. SF<sub>6</sub> decomposition facilities are required because more than 60 tons of SF<sub>6</sub> will need to be disposed of annually from existing equipment. This study developed a novel decomposition and pollution control system that can process 60 tons of SF<sub>6</sub> per year. This facility can decompose more than 97.7% of SF<sub>6</sub>, with the emissions of hazardous and toxic materials below the legal limit.
이중원,김광수,강정훈,Joong Won Lee,Kwang Su Kim,Jung Hoon Kang 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.5
Purpose: To examine the results of minimal stitch on the restoration of tissue after canalicular laceration. Methods: We have operated using sutures of tissues around canalicular laceration by inserting bicanalicular silicone stents and minimal horizontal mattress sutures with 8-0 Vicryl in cases of canalicular laceration instead of the existing method for the past 6 years. The ages of patients ranged from 2 to 76 years (average age 39.8 ±17.4 years), with most patients in their thirties (12 patients, 40%), 30 cases underwent canalicular repair with minimal stitch and bicanalicular silicone stent insertion within 24 hours after trauma. The silicone stent was removed 3 months after the operation if the patient did not complain of epiphroa while the canalicular remained open. Results: Twenty-five eyes (83.3%) showed symptom improvement and good passage in lacrimal syringing test in 4~12 months (average: 6.8±2.2 months) of follow-up study. Complications included one case each of fistula formation, stent prolapse, and wound infection, and two cases of canalicular stenosis. Conclusions: We recommend this method because of its satisfying success ratio.
이중원,김대윤,이용길.Joong Won Lee. M.D.. Dae Yune Kim. M.D.. Yong Kil Lee. M.D. 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.2
Purpose: To report two cases of deepening of the upper lid sulcus following bimatoprost. Methods: A 54-year-old woman who used bimatoprost for one week and a 70-year-old woman who used bimatoprost for 4 months developed deep lid sulcus. Both were using bimatoprost for glaucoma treatment. Results: Both patients also showed improvement of dermatochalasis and widening of the palpebral fissure. One week after discontinuing bimatoprost, the lid sulcus of the 54-year-old returned to baseline and exophthalmometry was unchanged. The orbital CT of the 70-year-old was normal. She did not complain about deepening of the lid sulcus, and she has not discontinued treatment due to this adverse effect.
신선가공 고탄소 강선에서의 시효현상과 딜라미네이션 발생간의 상관관계 고찰
이중원(J. W. Lee),이종철(J. C. Lee),강의구(U. G. Gang),이용신(Y. S. Lee),박경태(K. T. Park),남원종(W. J. Nam) 한국소성가공학회 2009 한국소성가공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.5
The effects of annealing temperature and time on mechanical properties and microstructures were already investigated in cold drawn pearlitic steel wires. During annealing, the increment of the tensile strength at low temperatures found to be due to age hardening, while the decrease in the tensile strength at high temperatures was attributed to age softening, involving the spheroidization of lamellar cementite and recovery of lamellar ferrite. Since Between increase of tensile strength and the occurrence of the delamination would be closely related to the dissolution of cementite, the increase of drawing strain by lower annealing temperature caused the between higher tensile strength and the easier occurrence of the delamination in cold drawn pearlitic steel wires.
나노기술 기반 인간능력향상의 윤리적 수용가능성에 대한 일고찰
이중원(Jung Won Lee) 철학연구회 2009 哲學硏究 Vol.0 No.87
An human enhancement means the enhancement of physical and mental powers of human being. The revolution in the nano-, bio-, cognitive-technologies in the 21th century opens the new way for unimaginable development of human enhancement. Especially nanotechnology makes it possible to manipulate molecular-level materials much smaller than cells and to manufacture some kinds of new materials with special biological functions, so that a physical power and cognitive ability of human being are going to be increased rapidly with the help of nanotechnology. Maybe we will get to make a kind of superman or eugenical person in the future, even if not near. For this reason the nano-based human enhancement now becomes considerably disputable on whether it is ethically acceptable or not. Now there are lots of pros and cons arguments about this which, however, have following problems. Firstly it is not easy to defend or refute the nano-based human enhancement decisively regardless of which stance is taken. Secondly they have neglected or underestimated the potential risks of nanotechnology and the adverse effects on human body when nanomaterials are applied to the human enhancement. In this paper I will, first of all, analyse existing pros and cons arguments critically and elucidate their problems respectively. Secondly I will suggest a reasonable way reflecting the risk-problem of nanotechnology on those existing arguments ethically, that is, the precautionary principle. And by using it, I will also suggest a risk argument about nano-based human enhancement. Finally I will look around the meaning of this new argument, in the aspect of which changes it will bring in the existing arguments. Conclusively I will argue that new argument should be added to those existing arguments in order that the argumentation on ethical acceptability of nano-based human enhancement be more reasonable.