당뇨병성 신병증환자에서 Lipoprotein ( a ) 농도

은연기(Yeon Ki Eun),류미숙(Mee Sook Ryu),홍성표(Sung Pyo Hong),이태원(Tae Won Lee),임천규(Chun Gyoo Ihm),김명재(Myung Jae Kim) 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.53 No.5

N/A Background: Lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)] is a subspecies of low-density lipoprotein and has been shown to be associated with pathogenesis of thrombosis-related disease. It is already known that patients with diabetic nephropathy are usually complicated by vascular complications such as coronary artery diseases and cerebrovascular accidents. According to the recent data, Lp(a) level tends to be increased as the proteinuria is increased and renal function are decreased. We evaluated the Lp(a) level to know whether its level is correlated to the severity of diabetic nephropathy. Methods: We investigated Lp(a) levels in eighty-one patients with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. They were divided into four groups according to the level of urinary albumin excretion and serum creatinine level: Group 1 (n=30): normal renal function + urine microalbumin ≤20㎍/min, Group 2 (n=20): normal renal function + protein on urinalysis + urine microalbumin 20-200㎍/min, Group 3 (n=14): urine protein (+) on urinalysis + normal renal function, Group 4 (n=15): urine protein (+) on urinalysis + serum creatinine leve1≥1.5㎎/dL. Blood samples were obtained during the morning in the fasting state and separated serum from the it and reserved at -70℃. Lp(a) concentration was checked by one-step sandwich ELISA test. All grouped data were expressed as mean±SD. ANOVA and unpaired t-test was used to assess the statistical difference between any two means. Results: Lp(a) levels were 30.2±4.6㎎/dL in Group 1, 42.7±8.2㎎/dL in group 2, 73.4±19.7㎎/dL in group 3, and 80.7±14.8㎎/dL in group 4. The level of Lp(a) in group4, group 3, and group 2 was significantly higher than that of group 1 respectively (P=0.009, 0.001, 0.038). However, no significant correlation was observed between the level of Lp(a) and that of total cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid in all groups. Conclusions: these results indicate that Lp(a) concentrations are increased in the patients with diabetic nephropathy with microalbuminuria or overt proteinuria. So, the presence of albuminuria may be the important determinant for the elevated Lp(a) level in diabetic nephropathy.

복수를 동반한 간경변증 환자에서 대량복수천자가 혈장량에 미치는 영향

홍성표(Seong Pyo Hong),은연기(Yeon Gee Eun),김효종(Hyo Jong Kim),김병호(Byung Ho Kim),장영운(Young Woon Chang),이정일(Joung Il Lee),장린(Rin Chang) 대한내과학회 1991 대한내과학회지 Vol.40 No.2

N/A Large volume paracentesis (LVP) has been avoided because of complications such as intravascular volume depletion, renal insufficiency, portosystemic encephalopathy, and hepatic failure. But recent studies showed that systemic hemodynamics were not adversely affected during the 24hr following LVP. In this study, 6 edematous patients with liver cirrhosis and tense ascites underwent large volume paracentesis (3 liter). Plasma volume was measured by a dilution method with 125I-labeled human serum albumin prior to and at 24 hours after the LVP. And serum sodium, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and hematocrit were also measured prior to and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the LVP. The results were as follows. 1) All patients felt better after paracentesis and no hypotension, tachycardia, and encephalopathy occurred. 2) Mean plasma volume was 3381±127ml preparacentesis and 3340±116ml postparacentesis (p<0.1). 3) There was no change in serum sodium, creatinine or blood urea nitrogen and hematocrit during the 48 hours following LVP. 4) Urine volume tended to increase during the 24 hours after LVP. We concluded that 3 liter paracentesis in cirrhotic patient with tense ascites and peripheral edema is not associated with a decrease in plasma volume at 24 hours after the paracentesis and expected complications such as renal insufficiency and encephalopathy did not occur.

초ㆍ중등 대상 내용기반 영어교육의 동향 분석

이은연(Lee, Eun Yeon),안성호(Ahn, Sung-Ho) 한국영어학회 2014 영어학 Vol.14 No.1

말뭉치 언어학적 방법에 기초한 우리나라 고등학생과 원어민 고등학생의 기능어 사용 비교

이은연(Lee Eun-Yeon) 한국영어학회 2006 영어학 Vol.6 No.4

대사증후군 위험 사무직 근로자를 위한 생활습관개선 코칭프로그램의 효과

이은연(Eun Yeon Lee),손경희(Kyoung Hee Shon),김남희(Nam Hee Kim) 한국자료분석학회 2021 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.23 No.5

본 연구는 대사증후군 위험 사무직 근로자를 위한 생활습관개선 코칭프로그램이 이들의 생활습관개선 자기효능감, 생활습관개선 행동 및 대사증후군 지표에 미치는 효과를 제시하고자 시도되었다. 자료수집 기간은 2017년 1월 23일∼3월 31일까지였고, 연구대상자는 대사증후군 위험 사무직 근로자 55명이었으며 실험군 28명, 대조군 27명이었다. 실험군에게는 2017년 1월 23일∼3월 3일까지 6주간 주 2회, 1회당 90분, 총 12회 차의 그룹코칭과 매일 60분의 인터넷 코칭을 적용하였고, 대조군에게는 생활습관개선에 관한 일회성 교육을 제공하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여, 정규성 검정은 Shapiro-Wilk, 동질성 검정은 Chi-square test, Fisher s exact test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test로 분석하였으며, 가설검정은 Repeated measures ANOVA와 Friedman test로 분석하였다. 생활습관개선 코칭프로그램을 적용하여 효과를 검정한 결과 실험군은 대조군보다 생활습관개선 자기효능감과 생활습관개선 행동이 유의하게 증가하였고, 대사증후군 지표 중 복부둘레, 공복혈당, 중성지방, 및 HDL-C이 유의하게 향상되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 적용한 생활습관개선 코칭프로그램은 대사증후군 위험 사무직 근로자가 스스로 건강행위를 지속할 수 있도록 하는 효과적인 간호중재로 사용될 수 있을 것이며, 나아가 만성질환으로 이행되는 것에 대한 예방 전략으로 활용할 수 있을 것이다. Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of lifestyle improvement coaching program for office employees at risk of metabolic syndrome on their lifestyle improving self-efficacy, behavior and metabolic syndrome indices. Method: The experimental group was given a 90-minute group coaching twice a week for 6 weeks from January 23 to March 3, 2017 for total 12 sessions along with a 60-minute internet coaching everyday, and the control group was given a one-time education on lifestyle improvement. Results: The experimental group showed significant improvement in lifestyle improvement self-efficacy and lifestyle improvement behavior compared to the control group, and the abdominal circumference, fasting blood sugar, neutral fat and HDL-C among metabolic syndrome indices were significantly improved. Conclusion: The lifestyle improvement coaching program applied in this study may be used as an efficient nursing intervention that encourages office employees at risk of metabolic syndrome to continuously maintain their own health behaviors.

간호사의 감정노동, 피로 및 근골격계 통증의 관계

이은연(Eun-Yeon Lee),김주성(Ju-Sung Kim) 한국산학기술학회 2017 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.18 No.1

본 연구는 간호사의 감정노동, 피로 및 근골격계 통증수준을 파악하고 그 관계를 분석하기 위해 시도한 서술적 조사연구이다. 종합병원에서 근무하며 연구참여에 동의한 총 235명의 간호사를 연구대상으로 하였다. 자료는 간호업무 수행 중 경험하는 감정노동, 피로 및 근골격계 통증수준을 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 조사하였으며 수집된 자료는 실수와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson 상관계수 및 다중회귀(multiple regression)로 분석하였다. 연구결과에서 간호사들의 평균 감정노동수준이 3.27점, 평균 피로수준은 2.04점, 및 평균 근골격계 통증수준은 4.43점으로 조사되었다. 간호사들의 감정노동과 피로수준은 근골격계 통증수준과 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있었으며(r=.180, p=.006; r=.278, p<.001) 감정노동은 피로수준과도 유의한 양의 상관관계를 나타내었다(r=.353, p<.001). 간호사의 근골격계 통증에 영향을 미치는 요인은 신체적 피로(β=.324, p<.001)와 성별(여성)(β=.171, p=.009)이었으며 이들 변수는 근골격계 통증수준을 13.7% 설명하는 것으로 나타났다(F=16.271, p<.001). 이상의 결과를 통해 간호사가 병원에서 간호업무수행 중 경험하는 감정노동은 피로와 근골격계 통증에 상호 관련됨에 따라 간호사의 감정노동과 피로를 감소시키고 근골격계 통증을 예방하기 위한 방안모색이 필요함을 알 수 있었다. This study examined emotional labor, fatigue, and musculoskeletal pain in hospital nurses. The study sample included 235 hospital nurses. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson"s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. The average emotional labor score was 3.27, and of fatigue was 2.04. The musculoskeletal pain score was 4.43. Emotional labor and fatigue are significantly positively associated with musculoskeletal pain(r=.180, p=.006; r=.278, p<.001). Emotional labor was positively associated with the degree of fatigue(r=.353, p<.001). The significant predictors of musculoskeletal pain for nurses were physical fatigue(β=.324, p<.001) and gender(female)(β=.171, p=.009), explaining 13.7% of the variance in musculoskeletal pain(F=16.271, p<.001). The results suggest that engaging in emotional labor related to nursing tasks increases the risks of fatigue and musculoskeletal pain. Therefore, it is important to develop a management program to relieve the emotional labor, fatigue, and prevent musculoskeletal pain for clinical nurses.

서울시 아파트 가격 추세의 모형화

황은연,권용찬,장동익,이재용,오희석,Hwang, Eun-Yeon,Kwon, Yong-Chan,Jang, Dong-Ik,Lee, Jae-Yong,Oh, Hee-Seok 한국통계학회 2008 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.15 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 최근의 서울시 아파트 가격 추세를 동적선형모형에 적합하여 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 국민은행에서 제공하는 "KB 아파트 시세" 자료의 서울시 30평대별 아파트 평당 매매가를 이용하였다. 시점은 2003년 6월 24일부터 2006년 8월 28일까지로 제한하였다. 탐색적 자료분석을 통해 서울시 30평대 아파트 가격의 추세는 크게 두 지역으로 구분되어지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 아파트 가격은 구분된 지역의 공통 추세와 각구별 특성으로 표현될 수 있다고 가정하고, 베이즈적 방법인 MCMC를 이용하여 동적선형모형을 추정하였다. The goal of this paper is analyzing and modeling the trend of apartment market price in Seoul using the dynamic linear model(DLM). We use the market price per pyeong of 30-pyeong-apartment provided by "KB apartment market price database" of Kookmin bank. The data is collected from June $24^{th}$, 2003 to August $28^{th}$, 2006. The inspection of the data reveals that the trend of apartment market price in Seoul can be divided into two groups and we assume that the price is expressed by the common trend of divided groups. We try to estimate the price of apartment by DLM using the Bayesian method.

[표면개질] 알루미늄의 발수 표면처리 기술 개발

변은연(Eun-Yeon Byun),이승훈(Seunghun Lee),김종국(Jong-Kuk Kim),김양도(Yang-Do Kim),김도근(Do-Geun Kim) 한국표면공학회 2012 한국표면공학회지 Vol.45 No.4

A hydrophobic surface has been fabricated on aluminum by two-step surface treatment processes consisting of structure modification and surface coating. Nature inspired micro · nano scale structures were artificially created on the aluminum surface by a blasting and Ar ion beam etching. And a hydrophobic thin film was coated by a trimethylsilane ((CH₃)₃SiH) plasma deposition to minimize the surface energy of the micro · nano structure surface. The contact angle of micro · nano structured aluminum surface with the trimethylsilane coating was 123˚ (surface energy: 9.05 mJ/m²), but the contact angle of only trimethylsilane coated sample without the micro · nano surface structure was 92˚ (surface energy: 99.15 mJ/m²). In the hydrophobic treatment of aluminum surface, a trimethylsilane coated sample having the micro · nano structure was more effective than only trimethylsilane coated sample without the micro · nano structure.

두피에 발생한 거대 피지샘 상피종 1례

김은연,김선구,김유진,이세일,Kim, Eun Yeon,Kim, Sun Goo,Kim, Yu Jin,Lee, Se Il 대한두개안면성형외과학회 2012 Archives of Craniofacial Surgery Vol.13 No.1

Purpose: Sebaceous epithelioma (sebaceoma) is a benign tumor with sebaceous differentiation. It presents primarily as a yellowish papule or nodule on the face and scalp. It must be differentiated from basal cell carcinoma and other appendageal tumors. We report a giant sebaceous epithelioma on the scalp and describe the immunohistochemical character of the cells in sebaceous epithelioma to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Methods: A 55-year-old-man who presented with 5-cm-diameter 2-cm-height, round shape exophytic ulcerated tumor on his head presented for treatment. The patient had noticed the lesion 40 years prior as a small yellowish plaque and 18 months ago, the plaque started to grow progressively larger. We excised the lesion with 1 cm resection margin, considering the possibility of malignancy because this lesion grossly resembled basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The defect was repaired with the use of a splitthickness skin graft. Results: When we excised the lesion, the margin was clear. Histology showed nodules that consisted of an admixture of basaloid cells and mature adipocytes lacking an organized lobular architecture. Strong expression of EMA on mature adipose cells confirmed the differential diagnosis from BCC with sebaceous differentiation because of the absence of a nuclear palisade pattern and cleft-like spaces on the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) section. Conclusion: We treated the giant sebaceous epithelioma on the scalp with surgical excision and a split-thickness skin graft. It is important to know that the diagnosis of sebaceous epithelioma should be made based on the histologic pattern of the H&E section. Immunohistochemistry with EMA can help to confirm the differential diagnosis between sebaceous epithelioma and BCC.

건열처리 인공노화가 시판지의 색상변화에 미치는 영향

최은연(Eun-Yeon Choi),이용규(Yong-Kyu Lee),조병욱(Byoung-Uk Cho) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2014 펄프.종이기술 Vol.46 No.4