中日韓における同形二字漢語「人気」の使用状況に関する一考察

이웅걸,이동철 한국일어일문학회 2023 日語日文學硏究 Vol.127 No.-

The study of Chinese characters in China, Japan, and South Korea has always been a highly involved research field, that has been continuously focused on for decades since the early 1980s, with a large vocabulary of two character Chinese characters and significant mutual influence between the three languages. Therefore, it has been the research object of many researchers. (Among them, two-character Chinese characters have been studied by numerous researchers due to their large number of words and significant influence among the three languages.) In particular, the comparative study of Chinese and Japanese characters, including their etymology, morphology, meaning, and usage, has been widely conducted. The comparative study of Chinese characters between China, South Korea, and South Korea and Japan (Korean-Chinese and Korean-Japanese) also focuses on language acquisition and teaching methods, conducting semantic differences, misuse analysis, and other research. Among them, although there are also cases where most Chinese character words are designated as research objects, there are many studies that search for the etymology of specific Chinese character words and compare and analyze their usage. The research on “popularity” also focuses on the comparison of etymology and semantic analysis between China and Japan,(Chinese and Japanese) as well as the comparison of semantics and usage frequency between China and Japan.(Chinese and Japanese) However, the comparative analysis of the semantics of the three countries (languages) is not sufficient, and there is almost no analysis on collocations. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the usage of 'popularity' in the three languages of China, Japan, and Korea, and to compare and analyze how it is used and what words it is used with through analysis of the corpus. By doing so, we can identify the commonalities and differences and shed light on the points to be cautious about in usage. In this paper, we pointed out the importance of paying attention to the meaning and collocation in the use of words, as the influence of homophonic characters among the three popular languages in China, Korea, and Japan is significant, but there are also many differences due to social and cultural factors.

합성 Calcium Alumino Ferrite(CAF) 치환량에 따른 시멘트 수화 특성

이웅걸,송명신 한국건설순환자원학회 2023 한국건설순환자원학회 논문집 Vol.11 No.1

The cement is a typical CO2 emission industry. Manufacturing process improvements and increased use of alternative materials are needed to reduce energy consumption and CO2 emissions. This study confirmed the basic characteristics of cement hydration by sintering CAF at low temperature as a CO2 adsorbent material. For the hydration product of the synthetic CAF, crystal phase analysis, porosity, and structural images were confirmed, and the compressive strength was measured. The replacement rate of SCAF was 10, 20, and 100 %, and the compressive strength tended to decrease as the replacement rate increased. In addition, when the SCAF substitution rate is 100 %, the hydration products of the early age are calcium aluminum oxide hydrate (Ca3Al2O6 x H2O) and calcium iron hydroxide (Ca3Fe(OH)12), and at substitution rates of 10 and 20 %, CAF compounds other than general cement hydrates brownmillerite was observed. As for the porosity, the pore size increased and the porosity increased with the increase of the replacement ratio. As a result of this study, CAF manufactured by low-temperature sintering seems to be difficult to use alone and general curing for utilization as a CO2 adsorbing material. 시멘트는 대표적인 이산화 탄소 배출 산업이다. 에너지 소비와 CO2 배출 저감을 위해 제조 공정 개선 및 대체 재료의 사용확대가 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 CO2 흡착형 재료인 CAF을 저온 소성하여 시멘트에 적용하여 시멘트 수화의 기본 특성을확인하였다. 합성 CAF의 수화 생성물에 대한 결정상 분석과 공극 분포, 그리고 구조 이미지를 확인하고, 압축강도를 측정하였다. SCAF는 치환율은 10, 20, 100 %으로 하였으며, 치환율의 증가에 따라 압축강도는 저하되는 경향을 보인다. 또한, SCAF 치환율 100%인 경우, 초기 재령의 수화 생성물은 calcium aluminum oxide hydrate (Ca3Al2O6 ⋅xH2O)와 calcium iron hydroxide (Ca3Fe(OH)12)이며, 치환율 10, 20 %에서는 일반적인 시멘트 수화물 외에 CAF 화합물인 Brownmillerite가 관찰되었다. 또한, 공극율은 치환율의 증가에 따라 공극 크기가 크고 공극율이 높았다. 본 연구 결과 저온 소성으로 제조된 CAF는CO2 흡착형 재료로 활용을 위해 단독 사용 및 일반 양생은 어려울 것으로 보인다.

석탄회를 이용한 일일복토재 물성에 대한 현장 적용 평가

이웅걸,김석규,김태형,이병철,송현진,송명신 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2022 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.39 No.4

In this study, coal ash buried in a landfill was recycled to manufacture an artificial daily covering material, and a field experiment was conducted to evaluate its usability. The coal ash used was fluidized-bed boiler coal ash and pulverized boiler coal ash. The artificial daily covering material produced was able to immobilize heavy metal ions. The unconfined compression strength was improved by the formation of C-S-H hydrate through the reaction of SiO 2 in soil with calcium hydroxide. The permeability coefficient of each type of coal based covering was similar to that of the standard. Re-slurring was not performed, and the odor emission standard was satisfied. the wind tunnel tes showed a weight reduction of 2.9% to 8.7% at a wind speed of 25 m/s depending on the type of covering. This study found that artificial daily covering materials made using fluidizedbed boiler coal ash are not harmful to the environment, so they can be used to replace traditional daily covering materials. 없음

소석회에 의해 개질된 바이오 황이 시멘트 수화 특성에 미치는 영향

이웅걸,한래봉,조성현,이평수,송명신 한국건설순환자원학회 2023 한국건설순환자원학회 논문집 Vol.11 No.4

The use of sulfur(S) in concrete has been variously studied as a way to improve salt resistance in concrete. However, sulfur is a solid material and is difficult to powder, which has disadvantages in its usability as an admixture or mixture for cement and concrete. For these problem, polymers such as dicyclopentadiene have been used to modify sulfur, but this also exists in a sticky state after modifying and does not improve the fundamental problem. So, reforming sulfur with slaked lime and the effect on cement hydration was examined by reforming sulfur with slaked lime, and the following conclusions were obtained. Depending on the reaction conditions, slaked lime modified bio-sulfur exists in a slurry state containing unreacted sulfur, unreacted slaked lime, calcium-sulfur(Ca-S) compounds and water. When slaked lime modified bio-sulfur is used as a cement mixture, salt resistance of concrete with slaked lime modified bio-sulfur is to be superior to that of plain concrete. This is believed to be because structure of cement hydrates with slaked lime modified bio-sulfur is to be more dense to that of plain cement hydrates by the continued presence of ettringite and can be used as a cement mixture in concrete. 콘크리트의 염해저항성을 향상시키기 위한 방법으로 콘크리트에 황(S)을 사용하는 것이 다양하게 연구되어 왔으나, 유황은고체로 존재하고 분말화가 어렵기 때문에 시멘트, 콘크리트 등의 혼화제나 혼합물로 활용하기 어려운 단점이 있다. 이러한문제점을 해결하기 위해 디시클로펜타디엔 등의 고분자를 사용하여 황을 개질한 바 있으나, 이 역시 개질 후 끈끈한 상태로존재하여 근본적인 문제를 개선하지 못한다. 이에 새롭게 개질한 바이오 황이 시멘트 수화에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 소석회 개질 바이오 황은 반응 조건에 따라 미반응 황 및 소석회, 칼슘-황(Ca-S) 화합물 및물을 함유한 슬러리 상태로 존재한다. 소석회 바이오 황을 시멘트 혼합물로 사용하는 경우, 소석회 개질 바이오 황을 첨가한모르타르의 내염해성은 일반 모르타르에 비해 우수하며, 이는 소석회 개질 바이오 황을 함유한 시멘트 수화물의 구조가ettringite의 지속적인 존재로 인해 일반 시멘트 수화물의 구조보다 더 치밀하기 때문인 것으로 판단된다.

ZnO/Laponite 복합물을 이용한 수중의 TCE 처리에 관한 연구

이웅걸,김종규,김상현,송명신 한국공업화학회 2011 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2011 No.-

Characteristics of artificial aggregates employing self-hydraulic fly ash

이웅걸,송명신,김경남 한국세라믹학회 2021 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.58 No.5

Due to the instability of the aggregate supply and demand chain, it is expected that the price of aggregate will increase, con- sequently increasing construction expenses. Therefore, achieving a stable aggregate supply and demand chain by developing alternative aggregates and implementing environmentally friendly aggregate collection plans that do not aff ect the natural ecosystem are mandatory. To address the issues of natural aggregate shortage and treating circulating fl uidized bed boiler fl y ash (CFBA), an artifi cial aggregate was manufactured by using CFBA with BFS and MT added AA, as a possible replace- ment for natural aggregate. The optimum artifi cial aggregate mix had a specifi c gravity of 2.47 and a water absorption rate of 4.05% after aging for 28 days. Over time, the number of gel pores in the artifi cial aggregate increases, and the porosity decreases. In other words, C–S–H formation in CFBA causes the size of the large pores that appear in the initial hydration to decline, attributed to the continuously generated C–S–H, and hence the number of gel pores increases, leading to a decrease in the porosity. XRD measurement of the artifi cial aggregate confi rmed the presence of calcium silicate (C–S–H), calcium aluminosilicate (C–S–A–H), Al 2 O 3 –Fe 2 O 3 –mono, and calcium hydride. Comparing the compressive strength of ISO standard aggregate mortar and manufactured artifi cial aggregate mortar, the initial compressive strength of CFBA was ~ 80% of that of the standard aggregates; however, the compressive strength of CFBA increased with aging. As a result of synthesizing an artifi cial aggregate using self-hydric FA, it is possible to use some substitution of natural aggregate.

CFBC 보일러 석탄회의 경화에 대한 고로슬래그, 탈황석고의 영향

이웅걸(Woong-Geol Lee),김진호(Jin-Ho Kim),김경남(Kyung-Nam Kim),송명신(Myong-Shin Song) 한국건설순환자원학회 2021 한국건설순환자원학회 논문집 Vol.9 No.4

순환유동층보일러 석탄회(CFBA)는 탈황공정을 위한 석회석 투입에 의한 탈황석고와 free-CaO에 의해 자기경화되는 특성이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 시멘트 바인더 대체용 CFBA의 자가경화에 대한 고로슬래그(BFS)와 탈황석고(FDG)의 영향을 검토하였다. 다량의 Fe2O3, free-CaO 및 탈황 석고를 함유하는 CFBA의 수화반응에 의한 압축강도는 칼슘알루미네이트 수화물, 칼슘실리케이트 수화물, 에트링자이트 및 칼슘카보페라이트 수화물(3CaOㆍFe₂O₃ㆍ3CaCO₃ㆍ12H₂O)의 형성에 기인한다. CFBA의 자가 경화에 의한 압축강도는 Ordinary Portland Cement에서 C₄AF의 수화물과 유사한 수화물을 생성하여 표현하며, C₄AF의 수화시 CaSO₄가 존재하면 CaSO₄가 CaOㆍAl₂O₃와 에트링자이트를 형성하고, 유리 CaO와 CaCO₃가 함께 존재하면 육방정계 결정인 탄산칼슘 또는 탄산칼슘 결정이 형성됩니다. CFBA의 경화 특성은 C₄AF의 수화 및 경화 메커니즘에 의해 유사한 특성을 가짐을 확인하였다. The effects of blast furnace slag(BFS) and desulfurized gypsum(FDG) on the compressive strength of CFBA, and self-hydration of CFBA were studied. CFBA has self-hydrating and hardening properties, and it can be seen that the compressive strength of CFBA can be improved by using appropriate amounts of BFS and FDG. In addition, the self-hardening properties of CFBA are similar to the hydration reaction of 4CaOㆍAl₂O₃ㆍFe₂O₃ (C₄AF), a cement clinker mineral, and when free-CaO, CaSO₄ and CaCO₃ coexist, Compressive strength of CFBA is expressed by the formation of calcium carbo compounds and hydrates of ettringite, calcium silicate, and calcium aluminate.

개질 Gel-Type Asphalt 방수제가 콘크리트 방수성에 미치는 영향

이웅걸(Kang, SeungMin),송명신(Song, MyongShin),이길수(Lee, KilSoo),최창섭(Choi, ChangSub,),윤홍수(Yun, HongSu,),김선중(Kim, SeonJung) 한국콘크리트학회 2011 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.5

매립지 바이오황이 시멘트 수화에 미치는 영향

이웅걸 ( Woong-geol Lee ),한래봉 ( Lae-bong Han ),조성현 ( Sung-hyun Cho ),이평수 ( Pyeong-su Lee ),송명신 ( Myong-shin Song ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2023 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.40 No.1

Treating hydrogen sulfide in landfills generates a large amount of bio-sulfur. Bio-sulfur is mainly used in agriculture because of its small particle size and excellent hydrophilicity. However, the actual amount used is very small and it is piled up in a landfill. Therefore, as a basic study for expanding the utilization of bio-sulfur, this study examines the effect of dried bio-sulfur on the physical properties and hydration reaction of ordinary Portland cement. The hydrate of cement with bio-sulfur at the start of aging was the same as that of plain cement, and sulfur was additionally confirmed. At curing age of 28 days, magnesium sulfate hydrate and kuzelite were also confirmed. As the amount of bio-sulfur added increased, the setting time decreased while the hydration heat tended to decrease. When cured in water, the compressive strength of the mortar with bio-sulfur was reduced compared to that of plain cement. For dry curing, the compressive strength was increased at the initial curing age and remained the same as plain cement at 28 days.

소성점토 시멘트 원료로서의 석탄 경석의 물리 화학적 특성

이웅걸 ( Woonggeol Lee ),송현진 ( Hyunjin Song ),김주성 ( Jusung Kim ),송명신 ( Myongshin Song ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2023 한국폐기물자원순환학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2023 No.0