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Clinical Factors Associated With Trabecular Bone Score in Koreans: A Retrospective Study
정의헌,이순항,김진희,박형준,민혜연,김상혁,윤재문,Be-Long Cho 대한노인병학회 2016 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.20 No.4
Background: The objective of our study was to examine the clinical factors associated with bone microarchitecture in Koreans. To the best of our knowledge, only a few studies have investigated these factors. Methods: Data from patients who underwent a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan at Seoul National University Hospital health promotion center between November 2014 and March 2015 were collected. The study population was divided into 2 groups, according to the patient's trabecular bone score (TBS) as follows: normal TBS ≥1.35 (n=700) and low TBS <1.35 (n=154). Intergroup comparison was carried out using the Student t-test and chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI), was applied to investigate the factors associated with TBS. Results: Data from 854 men and women were analyzed. Our results showed that TBS was inversely associated with age, BMI, waist circumference, serum phosphorus level (P), serum alkaline phosphatase level (ALP), serum C-terminal telopeptide (CTX), serum triglycerides (TG), serum C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood count (WBC). Bone mineral density (BMD) was positively related to TBS. BMD, waist circumference, and serum ALP had an association with TBS in both men and women, after adjusting for age and BMI. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that obese patients (especially those with abdominal obesity) have worse bone microarchitecture. Serum P, ALP, CTX, TG, CRP, ESR, and WBC might have a negative association with TBS. Further studies are needed to clarify these findings.
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멘토링을 통한 초임중등과학교사의 수업에서의 교사,학생 상호작용 변화 분석
남정희 ( Jeong Hee Nam ),이순덕 ( Sun Duck Lee ),임재항 ( Jai Hang Lim ),문성배 ( Seong Bae Moon ) 한국과학교육학회 2010 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.30 No.8
이 연구의 목적은 초임중등과학교사의 수업에서 교사와 학생 사이에 일어나는 상호작용을 상호작용 요소와 유형으로 나누어 그 특징을 알아보고 이들이 멘토링을 통해 어떻게 변화해 가는지 알아보기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 교직경력이 3년 이하인 초임중등과학교사 3명을 멘티교사로 선정하고, 교과교육분야에서 전문성이 있는 대학원에서 석사?박사과정에 있는 12년 이상의 경력교사를 멘토교사로 선정하였다. 초임중등과학교사의 교수기술의 전문성 발달을 위해 수업계획안 작성, 수업실행 전후 저널 작성, 수업 실행, 멘티?멘토의 1대1 멘토링 협의회, 멘토교사의 수업관찰 등으로 구성된 협력적 멘토링 프로그램을 개발하여 초임교사들에게 5회 적용하였다. 초임중등과학교사의 수업에서 교사와 학생 사이의 상호작용은 수업 녹화 동영상과 녹화 동영상 전사본을 상호작용 시작의 주체, 교사 질문의 형태, 학생 응답의 형태, 교사 피드백의 형태로 범주화된 수업 분석틀에 따라 상호작용 요소와 상호작용 유형으로 나누어 멘토링 실시전인 1차시와 멘토링을 4회 실시한 후인 5차시를 분석을 통해 알아보았다. 이 연구 결과 초임중등과학교사의 수업에서 교사와 학생 사이의 상호작용은 교사에 의해 주도되며 교사 질문의 형태는 단순확인 질문이, 학생 응답의 형태는 단답응답이, 교사 피드백의 형태는 즉각피드백이 주를 이루어 학생들의 사고유발이 촉진되지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 상호작용 유형 역시 교사의 질문(Initiation)에 대한 학생의 응답(Response)에 교사가 즉각피드백(feedback)을 사용하는 단순 IRF형이 주를 이루어 학생들의 사고작용이 활성화되지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 4회 협력적 멘토링이 실시된 후에 초임중등교사들의 수업에서 학생과의 상호작용에 나타나는 상호작용 요소는 학생에 의해 상호작용이 시작되는 경우가 증가하였으며, 교사 질문의 형태는 사고질문이 증가하였다. 학생 응답의 형태는 설명이나 질문 응답 비율이 증가하였으며, 학생의 응답에 대한 교사의 피드백은 지연피드백의 사용 비중이 높아져 학생들이 상호작용에 적극적으로 참여하며, 상호작용 과정에서 학생들의 사고가 활성화되는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 상호작용 유형은 교사의 질문(I)에 대한 학생의 응답(R)과 교사 피드백(F)의 반복 횟수가 다양한 복합적인 I(RF)n형으로 변화하였다. 4회 협력적 멘토링 과정을 거치면서 초임중등과학교사들의 교수기술이 상호작용 요소와 유형에서 학생들의 사고작용을 촉진·활성화시킬 수 있도록 발달하는 것으로 분석되었다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of teacher-student interaction in a beginner secondary science teachers` class through collaborative mentoring program. Three experienced science teachers as mentors and three beginner science teachers as mentees were participated in this study. Mentors have been teaching science secondary school for more than 13 years with specialty in science education, and mentees have been teaching less than three years in secondary schools. They were matched one-to-one on grounded characteristics that were revealed from pre-interview. Data collection consisted of lesson plans of mentees` classes, videotaped lessons of mentees, consultation meetings between mentors and mentees, and interviews with mentees as well as mentors. The consultation meetings and interviews were audiotaped and then transcribed with the videotaped lessons. To examine the change in teacher-student interactions, the lesson observed after four sessions of mentoring was compared to the lesson before mentoring on the basis of the analytical framework that was developed based on the interpretative approach. The analytical framework addresses the four aspects of teacher-student interaction, which include beginner of interaction (initiation), the types of the question, the student response and the feedback. After four sessions of collaborative mentoring, the beginner science teacher`s classroom interactions were initiated by students more often. Teachers` questions increasingly turned into thought-provoking queries that required higher-order thinking. The students responded in the form of statements instead of asking question more frequently. Also, teachers provided more delayed feedback than immediate feedback. These changes of interaction patterns showed that students took a leading role in classroom interaction and they were encouraged to think. From this result, we argue that the beginner science teachers developed the ability to make students think and to support them in coming to an understanding of knowledge through a collaborative mentoring program.
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Genome-Wide Association Study of Bone Mineral Density in Korean Men
배예슬,임선화,강미소,김진희,이순항,조비룡,박진호,남유선,손호영,양산덕,성주헌,오광호,윤재문,김종일 한국유전체학회 2016 Genomics & informatics Vol.14 No.2
Osteoporosis is a medical condition of global concern, with increasing incidence in both sexes. Bone mineral density (BMD), a highly heritable trait, has been proven a useful diagnostic factor in predicting fracture. Because medical information is lacking about male osteoporotic genetics, we conducted a genome-wide association study of BMD in Korean men. With 1,176 participants, we analyzed 4,414,664 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) after genomic imputation, and identified five SNPs and three loci correlated with bone density and strength. Multivariate linear regression models were applied to adjust for age and body mass index interference. Rs17124500 (p = 6.42 × 10−7), rs34594869 (p = 6.53 × 10−7) and rs17124504 (p = 6.53 × 10−7) in 14q31.3 and rs140155614 (p = 8.64 × 10−7) in 15q25.1 were significantly associated with lumbar spine BMD (LS-BMD), while rs111822233 (p = 6.35 × 10−7) was linked with the femur total BMD (FT-BMD). Additionally, we analyzed the relationship between BMD and five genes previously identified in Korean men. Rs61382873 (p = 0.0009) in LRP5, rs9567003 (p = 0.0033) in TNFSF11 and rs9935828 (p = 0.0248) in FOXL1 were observed for LS-BMD. Furthermore, rs33997547 (p = 0.0057) in ZBTB and rs1664496 (p = 0.0012) in MEF2C were found to influence FT-BMD and rs61769193 (p = 0.0114) in ZBTB to influence femur neck BMD. We identified five SNPs and three genomic regions, associated with BMD. The significance of our results lies in the discovery of new loci, while also affirming a previously significant locus, as potential osteoporotic factors in the Korean male population.
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