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S-BRT 운행행태를 고려한 저상버스의 정차시간 예측모형
신소명,이수범,김영찬,박신형,유연승,최정훈,Shin, S.M.,Lee, S.B.,Kim, Y.C.,Park, S.H.,Yu, Y.S.,Choi, J.H. 한국안전학회 2021 한국안전학회지 Vol.36 No.1
This basic study introduces the concept of S-BRT and develops dwell time estimation models that consider road geometry and S-BRT characteristics for a signal operation strategy to meet the S-BRT's operational goal of high speed and punctuality. Field surveys of low-floor buses similar in shape to S-BRTs and data collection of passengers, station elements, vehicle elements, and other factors that can affect stop times were used in a regression analysis to establish statistically significant dwell time estimation models. These dwell time estimation models are developed by categorizing according to the locations of the signal or sidewalk that have the most impact on the dwell time. In this way, the number of people boarding and alighting the bus at the crowded door and the number of people boarding and alighting the bus at the front door considering the internal congestion was analyzed to affect the dwell time. The estimation dwell time models in this study can be used in the establishment of strategies that provide priority signals to S-BRTs.
차세대 리소그래피 빛샘 발생을 위한 플라스마 집속 장치의 제작과 아르곤 아크 플라스마의 발생에 따른 회로 분석 및 전기 광학적 특성 연구
이수범,문민욱,오필용,송기백,임정은,홍영준,이원주,최은하,Lee S.B.,Moon M.W.,Oh P.Y.,Song K.B.,Lim J.E.,Hong Y.J.,Yi W.J.,Choi E.H. 한국진공학회 2006 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.15 No.4
본 연구에서는 극자외선 (Extreme Ultra Violet) 리소그래피의 빛샘원 발생을 위한 플라스 마 집속장치 (Plasma Focus Device)를 설계, 제작하였으며, 이를 이용하여 단펄스 집속 플라스마의 전류, 전압 방전 특성 및 장비의 저항, 인덕턴스의 중요 기초 연구를 수행하였다. 전압, 전류는 C-dot probe 와 B-dot probe를 이용하여 측정하였다. Anode 전극에 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 kV의 전압을 인가하고 Diode chamber 내의 Ar 기체압력을 1 mTorr-100 Torr 로 변화시켰을 때 발생되는 전압, 전류는 300 mTorr 에서 가장 큰 값을 보였으며, 이때 측정된 LC 공진에 의한 전류 파형으로부터 계산된 시스템 내의 인덕턴스와 임피던스값은 각각 73 nH, $35 m{\Omega}$ 였다. 300 mTorr, 2.5 kV 일 때 Emission spectroscopy를 이용하여 계산한 단펄스 집속 Ar 플라스마내의 전자온도는 Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium(LTE) 가정으로부터 T=13600 K 이었고 이온밀도 및 이온화율은 각각 $N_i = 8.25{\times}10^{15}/ cc,\;{\delta}= 77.8%$ 이었다. In this study, we had designed and fabricated the plasma focus device which can generate the light source for EUV(Extreme Ultra Violet) lithography. And we also have investigated the basic electrical characteristics of currents, voltages, resistance and inductance of this system. Voltage and current signals were measured by C-dot and B-dot probe, respectively. We applied various voltages of 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 kV to the anode electrode and observed voltages and current signals in accordance with various Ar pressures of 1 mTorr to 100 Torr in diode chamber. It is observed that the peak values of voltage and current signals were measured at 300 mTorr, where the inductance and impedance were also estimated to be 73 nH and $35 m{\Omega}$ respectively. The electron temperature has been shown to be 13000 K at the diode voltage of 2.5 kV and this gas pressure of 300 mTorr. It is also found that the ion density Ni and ionization rate 0 have been shown to be $N_i = 8.25{\times}10^{15}/cc$ and ${\delta}$= 77.8%, respectively by optical emission spectroscopy from assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium(LTE) plasma.
차세대 리소그래피 빛샘 발생을 위한 플라스마 집속장치의 아르곤 아크 플라스마의 방출 스펙트럼 진단
홍영준,문민욱,이수범,오필용,송기백,홍병희,서윤호,이원주,신희명,최은하,Hong, Y.J.,Moon, M.W.,Lee, S.B.,Oh, P.Y.,Song, K.B.,Hong, B.H.,Seo, Y.H.,Yi, W.J.,Shin, H.M.,Choi, E.H. 한국진공학회 2006 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.15 No.6
차세대 리소그래피 기술인 극자외선(EUV : Extreme Ultraviolet) 빛샘 연구의 기초단계로써, 동축타입의 전극구조가 설치된 다이오드 챔버를 통해 Ar 플라스마를 생성하였으며, 방출 분광기술(emission spectroscopy)를 이용하여 방출된 가시광선 영역의 빛을 조사하였다. 장치의 입력 전압을 0.5kV씩 변화를 주어 $2\sim3.5kV$까지 인가를 했으며 이극챔버의 최적 압력인 330mTorr 일 때 각 전압에 따른 방출 분광선 데이터를 얻었다. 이때 Ar I과 Ar II 방출선을 관측하였으며 국소적인 열적평형 (LTE ; Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium) 상태의 가정 하에 볼츠만 도표(Boltzmann plot)와 사하(Saha) 방정식을 이용해 Ar I 및 Ar II의 전자온도와 이온 밀도를 각각 계산하였다. 각 입력전압에 대해 이온밀도는 Ar I과 Ar II에서 각각 $\sim10^{15}/cc$ 및 $\sim10^{13}/cc$의 값으로 계산되었다. We have generated the argon plasma in the diode chamber based on the established coaxial electrode type and investigated the emitted visible light for emission spectroscopy. We applied various voltages $2\sim3.5kV$ to the device by 0.5kV, and obtained the emission spectrum data for the focused plasma in the diode chamber on the argon pressure of 330 mTorr. The Ar I and Ar II emission line are observed. The electron temperature and ion density have been measured by the Boltzmann plot and Saha equation from assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) The Ar I and Ar II ion densities have been calculated to be $\sim10^{15}/cc\;and\;~10^{13}/cc$, respectively, from Saha equation.
송기남(Kee-nam Song),이수범(S-B Lee),김용완(Y-W Kim) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.5
KAERI is in the process of carrying out the Nuclear Hydrogen Development and Demonstration (NHDD) Program. The indirect cycle gas cooled reactors that produce heat at temperatures in the order of 950℃ are being considered in the NHDD program. For the indirect gas cooled reactors, the intermediate hear exchanger (IHX) and hot gas duct (HGD) are the main components. For the NHDD program we are in the process of establishing a conceptual design of the IHX and HGD. The pre-conceptual design activities in this study dealt with a preliminary design of the IHX and the HGD including strength and thermal expansion evaluation of the main components.
핵연료 지지격자체 구조물에서 용접 길이 변화에 따른 충격강도 분석
송기남(Kee-nam Song),이수범(S-B Lee) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.10
The spacer grid assembly is one of the main structural components of the nuclear fuel assembly of a PWR. The spacer grid assembly supports and aligns the fuel rods, guides the fuel assemblies past each other during handling and, if needed, sustains lateral seismic loads. The ability of the spacer grid assembly to resist the lateral loads is usually characterized in terms of its dynamic and static crush strengths, which are acquired from tests. In this study, the effect of impact strength has been analyzed by the impact test and finite element analysis results, when the weld length has been varied.
송기남(Kee-nam Song),이수범(S-B Lee) 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.5
A spacer grid is one of the most important structural components in a LWR nuclear fuel assembly. The primary considerations are to provide a Zircaloy spacer grid with crush strength sufficient to resist design basis loads, without significantly increasing pressure drop across the reactor core. In this study, the crush strength test were carried out for the specimens of a spacer grid assembly.
송기남(Kee-nam Song),이수범(S-B Lee) 대한기계학회 2008 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2008 No.5
A spacer grid is one of the most important structural components in a LWR nuclear fuel assembly. The primary considerations are to provide a Zircaloy spacer grid with crush strength sufficient to resist design basis loads, without significantly increasing pressure drop across the reactor core. In this study. the dynamic crush strength analysis of a spacer grid assembly are carried out by using a finite element analysis and their validity are confirmed by test results.
송기남(Kee-nam Song),이수범(S-B Lee) 대한기계학회 2008 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2008 No.11
A spacer grid is one of the most important structural components in a LWR nuclear fuel assembly. The primary considerations are to provide a Zircaloy spacer grid with crush strength sufficient to resist design basis loads, without significantly increasing pressure drop across the reactor core. In this study, the dynamic crush strength analysis and test are carried out for the specimens of a spacer grid assembly.