교실 영어연극이 학습자의 말하기-쓰기 능력과 정의적 영역에 미치는 효과

이상직 울산대학교 교육대학원 2015 국내석사

7차 영어과 개정교육과정 하에서는 단위 학교에서 보다 자율적인 교과과정 운영을 통해 과목 집중이수제가 가능해졌고 교실 연극과 같은 시간적·공간적 제약을 받는 활동이 가능할 수 있는 환경이 조성되었다. 게다가 한 학기 동안 학생들이 참여하는 수업을 활성화하고 진로탐색 활동 등을 통하여 학생들의 꿈과 끼를 찾아주려는 의도의 자유학기제는 현재의 평가 체계가 다양화되도록 하는데 기여하고 학교교육의 오래된 여러 문제점을 극복할 수 있는 정책이 될 것으로 기대된다. 그동안 학습자의 흥미와 동기를 유발하고자 학습자 중심의 방안 중 하나로 드라마 기법을 적용한 교수·학습 방안이 대두되어 왔다. 그러나 과도한 준비와 제한된 시간 내 완성시켜야 하는 어려움을 극복하기 위해, 학습자 중심 차원에서 접근하되 소규모 협동학습을 그 근간으로 활용하여 영어 교육에 도움이 되도록 지도해 보고자 본 연구는 개시되었다. 연구를 위한 조사는 크게 영어 말하기·쓰기 사전·사후 테스트와 정의적 영역 사전·사후 설문 조사 두 가지를 본 연구를 위한 중심 조사로 정했다. 또한 영어 독후감을 통한 쓰기 향상도 분석을 위해 외부 기관을 통해 획득한 렉사일 지수 조사도 보조 자료로 활용하였다. 이러한 활동을 통해 분석될 학생들의 정의적 영역에서의 발전과 2가지 생산적 기능에서의 변화를 기대하며 설정된 2가지 가설에 대한 결과는 다음과 같다; 첫째, 말하기·쓰기 기능에서의 유의미한 향상은 이루어지지 않았다. 둘째, 협동학습을 주 기재로 활용한 교실 연극 활동을 통해 영어 교과에 대한 정의적 측면의 긍정적인 변화가 있었다. 비록 교사 단독으로 교실연극 활동을 정규수업에 적용시키는 것이 쉽지는 않겠지만, 교실연극을 영어 학습에 적용시키고자 하는 교사의 시도는 적극적으로 지지되어야 한다. 영어 교수·학습시 드라마 교육을 활성화시키기 위한 학교 당국의 긍정적 지원과 영어시간에 진행되는 영어 교육 연극에 대한 진일보된 평가 체계가 필요하다. Under the 7th National English Curriculum by the Korean Ministry of Education, it became available to take the differentiated intensive credit course in middle schools. Classroom Drama, whose activities have been restricted from spatiotemporal so far, began to be an alternative. Besides, the Free Semester System, a new president’s policy, helps encourage student-centered approach and active participation. The research focuses on two main points: one is the assessment for speaking and writing competence before and after the classroom drama; the other is field research on affective factors in the same manner. In this paper, lexile index analyzes how much achievement has been made in English speaking and writing through extensive reading. The results of data analysis with changes in students’ productive abilities and developments in affective domain are as follows; first, any noticeable change in English speaking and writing during the period does not appear; second, however, a positive development on affective domain is revealed distinctively. Although it is hard for a teacher to bring drama activities into a classroom, it should be recommended that a teacher apply educational drama techniques to English teaching. To activate drama education in English teaching, we need positive supports from the school authorities and advanced evaluation systems of educational drama in English class.

중학생 인터넷 게임 이용자의 개인 및 환경 특성이 인터넷 게임 중독에 미치는 영향

이상직 충남대학교 교육대학원 2008 국내석사

본 연구는 중학생의 중독적인 인터넷 게임 이용에 있어서 개인적 특성과 환경적 특성의 영향에 관한 고찰로 133명의 중학생과 그들의 학부모가 참여하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 학생의 자기-보고 및 학부모의 관찰-평가의 양자 모두, 전체적인 중독의 총점에 있어서 심리적 변인들이 환경적 변인들보다 영향력을 가진 것으로 분석되었다. 특히 게임 이용자의 심리적 변인 중에서는 ‘교우 관계 스트레스’ 및 ‘우울 정서’가 게임 중독에 유의한 변인으로 나타났다. 2) 인터넷 게임의 환경적 속성 중에서는 ‘게임 시작 시점이 빠른’ 특성일수록, ‘부모의 수용성’ 및 ‘주된 게임 장소에의 접근성’이 높을수록 중독에 기여할 가능성이 시사되었다. 3) 한편 인터넷 게임에의 ‘경제적 접근성’과 ‘시간적 접근성’이 높을수록 중독 특성들의 수준이 낮은 상관성을 보였다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 청소년의 인터넷 게임 중독 예방에 관한 논의가 이루어지길 기대한다. This study examined the effects of personal and environmental factors of middle school-aged internet users on game addiction. 133 middle school students and their parents participated in the study. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Psychological factors played more powerful roles on the internet game addiction than environmental factors in terms of both self-report and parents' observation. Particularly, ‘peer relation stress’ and ‘depression’ significantly increased the game addiction; 2) ‘Early use of games’, ‘parents' acceptability’, and ‘the availability of game spots’ in the environmental factors were more likely to increase the game addiction; 3) Higher ‘time-oriented accessibility’ and ‘economic accessibility’ significantly decreased the game addiction. Results of the study were discussed in terms of prevention of game addiction in adolescents.

外航船社의 傭船意思決定에 影響을 미치는 要因에 관한 實證硏究

이상직 한국해양대학교 대학원 2001 국내석사

The purpose of this study is to emphasize the importance of chartering decision in the shipping firms. In fact, shipping industry doing the business in the completely opening market between shipping firms and cargo owners all over the wolrd. This connection, the level of risk on the business managent of shipping firm is relatively very high compare with other industries. In particular, the decision on the ship purchase, ship building and ship chartering is very important element to decide the future of the company. Accordingly, this study will empirically prove the essential elements which will effect to the decision of the ship chartering and the basic reason why shiping firms do the decision of ship chartering with the burden of high risk management. In order to achieve the above purposes, this study conducted the literature survey, the study of the theories on the element which has very important connection to the decision of chartering and collected the data from Korea Shipowners Association, Messrs. FEARNLEY and Messrs. CLARKSON. As well, Multiple Regression Methord was used to verify the relationship between the element which can be influenced to the decision of ship chartering. After varification of five[5] hypothesis against the scale of chartering by Multiple Regression,this study has found the followings : 1. The fluctuation of chartering scale has positive[+] correlation with the fluctuation of cash flow in shipping firm. 2. The fluctuation of chartering scale has negative[-] correlation with the fluctuation of profit in shipping firm. 3. The fluctuation of chartering scale has no correlation with the fluctuation of business scale in shipping firm. 4. The fluctuation of chartering scale has negative[-] correlation with the fluctuation of ship scale in shipping firm. 5. The fluctuation of chartering scale has positive[+] correlation with the fluctuation of debt scale in shipping firm. According to the above results of the study, shipping firm do chatering decision even though it is on the high level of risk in order to improve cash flow and profit of the company. Furthermore, the shipping firm who operative ships efficiently and positively, run into chartering market with high level of risk on chartering decision. It shows shipping firm has no particular option except the decision of chartering in order to survive and grow up continuously under unlimited competition in the world-wide opening market. As a suggestion of this study, Korean shipping firms need the positive support of Government and utmost effort of shipping circle for basic solution to improve cash flow and the profit of the company. For this purpose 1. Government have to support shipping firm with fund with low interest for replacement of old aged vessels as well release of any restriction for import second-handed tonnage till Korean shipping firms maintain a certain level of fleet capacity. 2. Government must reduce the tax on ship import and registry with financial support in order to improve financial status of shipping industry. In the meantime, shipping firm also do their best to enlarge company capital through offering shares for public subscription.

金融環境變化가 資本市場에 미치는 影響과 對應方案에 관한硏究 : 證券産業을 中心으로

이상직 淸州大學校 經營大學院 1995 국내석사

It has tendency that the world's monetary and security markets are gradually coming to unify through the stream of the opening and internationalization. Accordingly, this study is devoted on the verification of the way of response and the effect the change of the monetary environment on the security market, having a method to encouraging the security market. This study has classified the change of the financial environment 3 items. The findings are the following as ; The first, in case of reforming the stock industry, the reform of the monetary industry should be searched through the harmony between the monetary policy and industry's. The second, in the case of open-market, ① The service deferantiation on the customers, ② Increasing the effectiveness of operation in branch, ③ Worker's satisfactiion, ④ To strenghten the activities in the stock marketing, ⑤ The development of professionals, ⑥ The systemization of the performance of the transfer between domestic stock. The third, in the case of internationalization ① To consider about the issue of the abroad stocks in domestic firms. ② Considering the moderating performance on the domestic stock to foreigners, ③ Considering the related service with the investment to the domestic investor to the abroad stocks.

인공신경망을 이용한 아스팔트 포장 중간층 간접인장강도 예측

이상직 인하대학교 대학원 2021 국내석사

The repair method for pavements should be selected with consideration of the structural capacity of sublayers, in addition to the pavement conditions observed at the pavement surface, to reduce the recurrence of distress in the repaired area. However, it is practically impossible to include the structural capacity of sublayers in the database of the pavement management system (PMS) because this would require additional tests in all expressway sections. Therefore, an artificial neural network model for predicting the indirect tensile strength (ITS) of the intermediate layer of all asphalt pavement sections in an expressway was developed in this study, taking the international roughness index, rut depth, surface distress, and equivalent single axle load as independent variables. The ITS of specimens cored from target sections was measured in the laboratory, and the PMS data for the target sections were collected. The ITS was predicted by conducting a feed-forward process prior to the training step. When the error between the predicted and measured ITSs exceeded the allowable error, the model was repetitively trained using the resilient backpropagation method until the error fell within the acceptable boundary. The model was validated by analyzing the correlations between the ITSs predicted from the data of the training set and test set. Finally, the model was complemented by determining the lower and upper limits of the predicted ITS using the cumulative distribution curve of the measured ITS.

運動タイプと骨密度, 骨形能および骨强度に關する硏究

李相直 筑波大學 2000 해외박사

本硏究は, 運動負荷による大腿骨骨幹部の骨代謝機序を明らかにするため, 成長期ラットを用い, 種種の運動負荷に對する骨强度關連因子である骨密度および骨形熊の變化について檢討した. その結果かう得られた結論は, 次の通りである. 1. スクワット運動により大腿骨骨幹部の皮質骨面積, 骨髓腔面積および橫斷面種は有意に增大した. また, 體積骨密度は有意な增大を示さなかづたが, 骨强度は有意に大きかつた. したガつて, スクワット運動に對して骨は皮質骨斷面の內經を大きくしながり外經も광大させるという形熊變動(modeling drift)をもて對應することが明らかになつた(Fig.15). 2. スイミング運動により大腿骨骨幹部の皮質骨面積は有意に大きくなつたものの內徑および外經の變動はみられなかつた. また, 骨强度はスイミング運動により有意に增大しなたつたから, 皮質骨面積が大きくなつても外經が大きくなうないと, 骨强度は增大しないことが示唆された(Fig.26). 3. スイミング運動のような低强度のエアロビック運動とスクワット運動のような高强度のしジスタンス運動を交互に與えるクロス運動を負荷し, 骨强度增大が骨形態の變動に依存するか否かを檢討した. その結果, 皮質骨の面穫が大きくなり外經の광大傾向がみられ, 骨强度の增大現象が確認された(Fig.35). 4. 輕レジスタンス運動であるクライミング運動は, 大腿骨斷面の經を광大する形態變動をみせ, 骨强度を增大することが明らかになつた. また, クライミング運動はダンべル體操の骨づくり作用に關するより明確な情報を여えることが可能となつた(Fig.45). 5. 精○摘出による惟的機能低下を引き起こすアンドロゲン欠乏モデルラットに, クライミング運動を負荷すると骨形態が抑制され骨强度の增大がもたらされた(Fig.54). 6. グルココルチコイド投與による骨減弱モデルラットに, クライミング運動を負荷すると外經の광大による骨强度の增大傾向が認められた(Fig.61). 以上の結果から, 骨折を防止する骨强度增大には, 運動法としてエアロビッ運動よりレジスタンス運動が有效であることと, 骨强度增大は骨密度の增大に依存するというよりも, 外經광大に伴う形態變動に依存することが明らかにされた. さらに, 老化モデルラットにおいてもこれらのことが確認され, クライミング運動のような輕レジスタンス運動は老化に伴う骨減弱化·骨粗송症の予防に有效であることが示唆された(Fig.62).

교인들이지각한 목회자 리더쉽 유형에 따른 교회 활동 참여도와 만족도

이상직 계명대학교 2004 국내석사

The following research is for investigating church members' participation, and satisfaction in church activities by their own ministers' leadership patterns which they recognize in their church. The object of this research is 469 adults over 20 years old in random who belong to churches and missions groups in Dae-gu. The measurement instrument used for this research is ministers' leadership patterns, church members' participation, and their satisfaction in their church. The collected materials are analyzed by the means of 'x^(2)'(chi-square). The results of analysis are as follows. First, ministers' leadership patterns which church members recognize are divided into boss-pattern and leader-pattern. Of these two patterns, church members prefer leader patterned ministers showing cooperative attitudes toward the church members, emphasizing on more 'We' than 'I' to boss-patterned ministers showing oppressive and strong self-pride attitudes toward the church members. Second, there are few defferences about church members' participation in their church activities between two ministers' leadership patterns which they recognize in their church. that is, leader-patterned ministries give much more satisfaction than boss-patterned ones to the church members. Therefore, this research leads to the result that ministers' leadership patterns~leader-patterned ministries and boss-patterned ministries- which church members recognize in their church have more effects on their satisfaction than their participation in their church activities in their religious lives.

읍취헌 박은의 시문학고

이상직 동국대학교 교육대학원 1989 국내석사

무대연기자의 호흡에 관한 연구 : 배우 장민호를 중심으로

이상직 서강대학교 1999 국내석사

韓國 雇傭保險制度의 改編方案 硏究 : 獨逸 雇傭促進制度와의 比較를 中心으로

李相直 영남대학교 대학원 2002 국내박사

The aim of this study is to suggest the solutions to the problems which our EIK(Employment Insurance in Korea) is in face with now. First, not only the aims of EIM(Employment Insurance Measures) and those of the branch programs supporting it aren't correspond to each other, but also the supporting branch programs aren't fit for EIM and their social protecting functions for the object laborers aren't good enough. Secondly, the branch programs supporting EIM can not counter the possible unemployment caused by the structural change of economy and also have ineffectiveness and arbitrariness caused by the unilateral enforcement of the government which is the managerial subject. Thirdly, EIK's social protecting functions are weak, which is said to be its biggest problem. To solve the problems stated above, the German EPG(Employment Promotion in Germany), an representative model of EIK when it was first introduced, was analysed and the results are as follows. First, the aims of EIM and those of EIM's branch programs are strongly correspondent and also EIK's branch programs are rightly said to be part of EPM(Employment Promotion Measures). But in that they are post-unemployment measures, there are still many things to be improved except the Kurzarbeitgeld. Secondly, even though EPM's supporting programs have strongly reinforced social protecting programs for the youth group and people who are unable to labor because of their handicaps like age, sex and lack of skills(= social disadvantaged workers), they not only ask very strict requirements to get help from the presently working laborers and people out of work, but also there are not many kinds of help available for them. Thirdly, the job training preparing for the change of the economic structure and industrial structure is being done through the german educational system. Fourthly, the Bundesangestalt fu''r Arbeit, the operator of EPM is being run by an autonomous institution that consists of the representatives of the laborers, owners and government. To solve the local unemployment problem, the autonomous rights of the local employment office is being expanded. Fifthly, EPM's supporting programs have strong functions of social security for people of people who are unable to labor because of their handicaps like age, sex and lack of skills like adolescents, handicapped, old and women. With the comparison of characteristics of EIK and EPG stated above, we can point out that there exists differences in functions of social security between the two . On top of that, EIK and EPG have more differences than similarities. First, EIK and EPG are different in policy-wise. While EIK supports some fields of the government's labor policy, employment policy, labor market policy and unemployment measures with its supporting programs, EPG supports some fields of labor market with its supporting programs. Secondly, EPG has stronger social protecting function and social security function than EIK. EIK includes people who are unable to labor because of their handicaps like age, sex and lack of skills only in small part of its supporting programs. On the contrary, EPM has not only supporting programs for the certain unemployed group but also job training programs. Of course EPM has expanded the supporting programs for the employers when Arbeitsforderungsgesetzt became SocialgesetzbuchⅢ., but they are also to provide job-opportunities for people who are unable to labor because of their handicaps like age, sex and lack of skills. Thirdly, EPG after its introduction, has put focus on the variety of the supporting programs, while EIK in the course of improvement and reformation, has put focus on reinforcement of the protecting function for the people who are unable to labor because of their handicaps like age, sex and lack of skills. Fourthly, EIK, a social insurance and run by the government, has problems like the decision-making centered on the central government, administrative expedience and change of its supporting programs, arbitrary set requirements for getting support from the government and their apprehension, uneffective application of the employment insurance fund while EPG is autonomously being operated by the representatives of the laborers, employers and the government, so that the government is a source of its finance. In addition to that, the autonomous operation of EPG has brought about the recent reinforcement of the local employment office's autonomous function which resulted in the halt of bureaucratization of the national employment office. On the basis of the discussion above, two types of restructuring EIK can be suggested. One is to improve the EIK at short-term view point. The other is to restructure of EIK at long-term view point. The ideas suggested by the two types can be boiled down as follows. First, To improve the EIK at short-term view point, the supporting programs which are fit for the aims of EIK and those supporting programs should be able to provide social security not only for the insured employees but for the unemployed worker who had insurance before, worker with no insurance at all and employers. On top of that a public institution to strengthen the job consulting function should be organized, so that various information of job opening can be provided. Secondly, the problems of EIK can not be solved by introducing a part of EPG's supporting programs and improving EIK itself, in that it can not do the complete function and role as a social insurance aiming to solve the unemployment problem. So a third solution of restructuring EIK at focusing on Germany's experience (=Unification at SozialgesetzbucgⅢ-Arbeitsf rderung) can be suggested as follows. First, in restructuring EIK, the following basic perception must be changed : the separation of cognition between the unemployed and the employed. This may be the separation of supporting programs between the two parties. Education and training for the employed for the evaluation of a professional career which can prevent unemployment beforehand must be adopted by a mutual agreement between the employer and the employee. To help this, more helpful secondary supporting work must be done. On the contrary, the training for the unemployed should be done through the policy of developing and promoting manpower and the supporting plan for the unemployed taking part in must be done by the social security system. As the policy of developing and promoting manpower should be managed by the nation, so be strengthened the help for the weak social working class who need the education and training. Based on such premises between the employer and the unemployed, the concrete supporting undertakings for the restructuring plan of EIK are as follows : the work for the unemployed fund and positive labor market policy must be separated. The undertaking of payment for the unemployed should find its normal function of the original unemployment insurance and its management should also be the self representative organization between the employer and unemployed. This means working training for the employed and the undertaking for the employer's supporting of the promoting employment must be done by way of insurance. On the contrary, the career retraining for the employed, the unemployed and the unskilled and socially disabled who are not the object of unemployment insurance should be done through the dimensions of the employment policy. The revenue source for this should be charged to both the unemployed and the government. The government managing this, strengthens the information about the vocations for the applicants to give them many material concerning getting the job free. Positive labor management policy, not being the government's obligation for the employed, unemployed and the labor-weak, reducing the social fund the unemployed causes, is asked. Government policy for the positive labor development and a knowledge-information society combined the labor market policy and vocational training policy should be considered. This study puts emphasis on distinguishing between the role of the employment insurance as a social insurance system and that of social insurance and government's obligation. This being possible, the employed will be protected better systematically from unemployment and unstable employment. For this reason, government should have a sound concept for settling the unemployment according to the labor, social, labor adjustment, training, and industrial structure policies instead of settling unemployment only by EIK. For this EIK must be changed and reorganized. This view being left out afterwards, changing or reorganizing EIK will also have problems which we have now and government's policy concerning unemployment will be ineffective. That burdens society more cost than benefits. Every effort to solve the employment insurance problems resulting in vain, it will be worthing doing. This paper establishing comparative object as EPG to solve the problems on EIK, some effects of supporting the undertaking are not reflected fully. This will be done in the following study.