A comparative study of English /æ/ and /ε/ produced by early and late Korean and Japanese bilinguals

이보림(Borim Lee) 한국음운론학회 2005 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.11 No.3

The production of the two vowels of English, /æ/ and /ε/, by early and late Korean- and Japanese-English bilinguals was analyzed to investigate L1 interference and age of acquisition effects. All groups except the late Korean bilinguals were native-like in making the different durational patterns between the two vowels. Both Japanese groups seem to have produced more native-like durational patterns due to their native language's vowel length being phonemic. Vowel quality (in terms of first and second formant frequencies) of the two vowels was successfully distinguished by all groups, but it was more different from the NE group's for the late bilinguals: the Japanese group produced far more distinct vowels in both vowel height and tongue advancement, whereas the Korean group produced seemingly less distinct vowels in both standards, compared with those produced by the native English group. However, both Korean and Japanese early bilingual groups produced native-like performance in both duration and quality of the vowels.

레오나르도 다빈치의 사고 원칙에 기반한 융합적 음악 수업의 설계

이보림(Lee, Bolim),최영미(Choi, Young),박진홍(Park, jinhong),이정아(Lee, Jung Ah) 한국음악교육공학회 2021 음악교육공학 Vol.- No.49

본 연구의 목적은 레오나르도 다빈치의 사고 원리에 기반하여 융합적인 음악수업을 설계하는 것이다. 이 연구에서는 학문의 융합에 뛰어난 업적을 남겼던 레오나르도 다빈치의 생각을 7가지 사고 원칙으로 구분하여 분석한 마이클 J. 겔브의 이론을 바탕으로 융합적인 음악수업을 설계하였다. 연구의 방법으로는 첫째, 문헌을 통하여 융합교육의 전반적인 내용을 이해하고 레오나르도 다빈치의 융합적 사고에 대해 알아보았다. 둘째, 레오나르도 다빈치의 사고에 입각하여 융합적 음악수업의 원리와 의미에 대하여 논하였다. 셋째, 레오나르도 다빈치의 사고에 기반하여 국어교과와 연계한 융합적 음악수업을 설계하였다. 융합수업의 설계는 두 번의 절차를 걸쳐 완성되었다. 첫 번째 절차는 융합적 음악수업의 설계를 위한 기초 연구로서, 문헌연구를 바탕으로 작성되었다. 두 번째 절차에서는 전문가의 검토를 반영하여 레오나르도 다빈치의 사고 원칙에 기반한 융합적 음악수업을 최종적으로 설계하였다. 4차 산업혁명 시대를 맞이하여 융합이 강조되는 현대에 이 연구가 융합적 음악수업을 설계하는데 기초적인 자료로 활용될 수 있기를 기대한다. The purpose of this study is to design convergent music classes based on Leonardo da Vinci s thinking principles. This study designed convergent music classes based on the theory of Michael J. Gellb, who analyzed Leonardo da Vinci s ideas, which had made outstanding achievements in convergence of learning, into seven thinking principles. As a way of research, first, we understood the overall content of convergence education through literature and looked into Leonardo da Vinci s convergence thinking. Second, based on Leonardo da Vinci s thinking, he discussed the principles and meanings of convergent music classes. Third, based on Leonardo da Vinci s thinking, he designed a convergent music class linked to the Korean language textbook. The design of the fusion class was completed over two procedures. The first procedure is a fundamental study for the design of convergent music classes, which is based on literature research. In the second procedure, convergent music classes based on Leonardo da Vinci s thinking principles were finally designed, reflecting expert reviews. In modern times when convergence is emphasized in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution, it is hoped that this research can be used as a basic material for designing convergent music classes.

한국어 화자의 영어유음 지각 및 산출에 관한 연구

이보림,이숙향,Lee Borim,Lee Sook-hyang 대한음성학회 2004 말소리 Vol.52 No.-

This study investigates the Korean native speakers' English liquid perception and production. Perception and production experiments were each conducted twice before and after a short period of explicit learning process of phonetic characteristics of English liquids. The results showed that correlation between perception and production varied depending on factors. In both perception and production, word-final position was the most difficult, and cluster position was the easiest. A considerable improvement was observed in word-initial and medial positions in production, whereas no improvement was achieved in word-final position, especially in production. This study is also concerned with the formant structures of Korean native speakers' production of English liquids in order to see what acoustic features are highly correlated with Korean native speakers' production accuracy of English liquids. The results showed that F2 did not show a high correlation while F3 was a strong correlate of the production accuracy.

모발 염색 시술시 오배자 추출물이 모발에 미치는 효과

이보림 ( Bo Rim Lee ),손지연 ( Ji-yeon Son ) 대한미용문화예술학회 2019 대한미용문화예술학회지 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study is to find the protective effects of G. chinensis extract on hair by adding 2% of G. chinensis extract on solvent treatment instead of using general hair dye used in the field. Therefore, this study investigated the protective effect by comparing damage degree of hair using G. chinensis treatment solvents during hair dye procedure, and obtained the following results. According to the result of measuring the thickness of hair, the natural iron solution G2 group that conducted afterchroming showed the closest result with the control group of 0.031± 0.0013 ㎜. According to the result of measuring tensile strength, virgin hair was 123.52 ± 10.27 gf/㎟, and the G3 experimental group that showed difference from control group showed the highest tensile strength of 110.56 ± 8.61 gf/㎟. According to the result of measuring moisturizing power, virgin hair was 90.34% and G3 group that used G. chinensis treatment hair dye and conducted mordant dye at the same time with ferrous sulfate showed higher result of 80.28% than the C control group that used oxidation hair color. For comparison of hair color, it seems that G1, G2, G3, and G4 can be used for dressing up, and it was identified that natural hair dye containing G. chinensis content can be used for covering gray hair and for better looks. As a result of this study, it was identified in the whole hair experiment that using simultaneous mordant ferrous sulfate with G. chinensis treatment content shows excellent efficacy.

한국어 화자의 영어 어말 폐쇄음 파열의 인지와 발음 연구

이보림,이숙향,박천배,강석근,Lee Borim,Lee Sook-hyang,Park Cheon-Bae,Kang Seok-keun 대한음성학회 1999 말소리 Vol.38 No.-

Researches on perception have, in recent years, been increasingly popular as a means of accounting for cross-linguistic sound patterns (Ohala, 1992; Hemming, 1995; Jun, 1995; Steriade, 1997 among others). In loanword phonology, Silverman(1990, 1992) argues that words from a source language are scanned through the perceptual level and that the features perceived by a speaker are stored in the input to be processed according to his/her native language's phonological constraints. The purpose of this paper is to test the validity of Silverman's proposal by examining the correlation between perception and production of Korean learners of English. We specifically focussed on perception and production of stop release by contrasting English loanwords with English words loarned through education to see if there were any significant differences. The results showed that there was no substantive correlation between the Korean speakers' perception of the loanwords pronounced by English speakers and their own production of those words. In the case of English words, however, the Korean speakers' production was closely related with their perception, although some inter-speaker variations were observed. With Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolenksy, 1993) as a theoretical framework of analysis, it was shown that the theory is a useful means of implementing a phonetics-phonology interface and relating perceptual processes with speech production. Specifically, under the assumption that loanwords with [t]~[t/sup h/] alternation (e.g.,'cut') are originally borrowed into Korean as two different input forms, all the alternations could be straightforwardly accounted for in terms of a unified ranking of constraints.

마스크팩 유효성분을 첨가한 전처리가 퍼머넌트 웨이브 및 모발보호 효과에 미치는 영향

이보림 ( Bo-lim Lee ),이슬 ( Seul Lee ),고경숙 ( Kyoung-sook Ko ) 한국미용학회 2022 한국미용학회지 Vol.28 No.5

This study was aimed at investigating the effect of a pre-treatment on hair by using the end paper to which mask pack active ingredients were adsorbed as the pre-treatment before the permanent wave treatment. Among the mask packs with the highest preference in the ‘Hwahae’ application, the mask packs containing active ingredients such as collagen, Houttuynia cordata, and black soybean, which are good for hair protection, were purchased from the market and the active ingredients adsorbed onto the paper for treatment. For the experimental methods, hair thickness, tensile strength, hair cuticle observation using SEM and hair constituent elemental analysis using EDS were conducted. The results of hair thickness, tensile strength, hair cuticle observation and hair constituent elemental analysis showed that the experimental group treated with the active ingredient of black soybean had a hair protection effect. When the active ingredients used as a pre-treatment are developed as hair cosmetics, it is expected to be applied usefully in the field of industry, and thus it is hoped that studies on this will be actively conducted.

영화 등장인물들의 발음변수의 사회언어학적 연구

이보림(Lee, Bo-rim) 원광대학교 인문학연구소 2013 열린정신 인문학연구 Vol.13 No.3

The goal of this study was to examine the patterns of how some of the optional phonological variables in English are manipulated by a variety of characters in the three movies chosen for the study. It was found that different patterns surface depending on the region, sexes of the speakers, and social classes where they belong. In the case of coda /r/, American English and British English used opposite prestige forms, i.e., in British English /r/-less variable was the prestige form whereas in the American English prestige form /r/ was retained. When the setting of the movie was neither the US nor the UK, as in the movies Mulan and Aladdin, and American English was the norm in the setting, it was noticed that sometimes the British accent in the form of /r/-less variable could be considered as a prestige form. Compared to the /r/-less variable, the variable of /t/ flapping was found to be used in a more flexible way by both American English and British English speakers. The other optional variables such as palatalization, verb+to reduction, and /t/ deletion after /n/ were also noted to be used very freely by all speakers to produce informal styles of speech. However, the informal styles of speech were much more preferred by male speakers than by female speakers. Finally, in the case of "-ing" variable, the stigmatized form /-.In/was only used by the soldiers and Mushu in the movie Mulan and also by Genie, the fairy giant of the lamp in the movie Aladdin. This supports Labov"s theory that in certain social classes, the stigmatized nonstandard variable may play a role of the covert prestige norm. It is also expected that the results of this study can be used as useful reference when teaching English pronunciation to the learners.

영어의 "국민명"을 지칭하는 데모님 형서에 관한 연구

이보림 ( Bo Rim Lee ) 경희대학교 언어연구소 2009 언어연구 Vol.26 No.3

히브리어 성서의 인명 연구

이보림(Lee, Borim) 원광대학교 인문학연구소 2016 열린정신 인문학연구 Vol.17 No.3

본 연구는 히브리어 성서에 나오는 주요 인물들의 이름을 히브리어 고유의 형태론적 체계에 따른 분석을 통하여 심도 있게 이해하는 것을 목표로 한다. 분석 대상이 되는 인명의 범위는 성서에 등장하는 최초의 사람 아담과 하와에서부터 이스라엘(야곱)의 열 두 아들까지이며 그들 각각의 이름이 작명되는 배경을 단어 형성 과정을 통하여 조명하였다. 성서 히브리어는 셈어족에 속하는 고대 언어로서 각 단어의 자음만이 어휘적인 의미를 담고 있는 비연속 형태 체계를 갖고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 각 인명의 자음어근을 추출하여 그 어원을 추적함으로써 그 의미를 정확하게 파악하였다. 또한 히브리어 원어의 인명 발음을 제시하여 우리말 성경에 사용된 인명 표기와 비교하였다. 차이가 클 경우에는 19세기 말에 처음으로 우리말 성경이 번역되었을 당시 중국어 성경을 기본으로 번역되었기 때문에 중국어 성경의 한자어 표기와 발음, 그리고 중국어 발음도 비교 분석하였다. 히브리어의 독특성으로 인하여 어떠한 방식의 인명 음역도 원래의 의미를 전달할 수는 없기 때문에 번역본을 읽는 독자들이 인명의 원어에 숨은 진짜 의미를 파악하는데 도움을 주기 위해서는 각주를 활용하여 어근의 의미를 제시하여 주는 것이 필요할 것으로 보인다. This study aimed at a deeper understanding of the Hebrew Biblical personal names through the nonconcatenative morphological framework. The scope of the analysis ranges from Adam and Eve, the first humans, to the twelve sons of Israel (or Jacob), tracking their naming processes in detail. Biblical Hebrew is one of the Semitic languages, where a consonantal root itself conveys the lexical meaning of the word. In this study, therefore, the consonantal root of each name was taken out to be compared with its original root(s), and its meaning could be tracked down. Original pronunciations were presented to be compared with those in the Korean Bible, and when it was necessary Chinese characters and pronunciations were provided for comparison, because the first Korean Bible was translated from the Chinese Bible in the late 19th century. It was suggested that for a better understanding of the readers the hidden meanings of the Biblical Hebrew proper names may be presented in the footnotes in any translated versions of the Bible.

일반 학교에서 특수학급 음악교육의 중요성과 음악 프로그램 개발에 관한 논의

이보림 ( Lee Bolim ) 한국예술교육학회 2021 예술교육연구 Vol.19 No.3

이 연구는 특수학급 음악교육의 의미를 이해하고 특수학급 음악 프로그램 개발 방향을 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구의 방법으로 첫째, 장애학생을 위한 예술교육의 권리와 일반학교의 특수학급에 대하여 알아보고, 둘째, 일반학교에서 특수학급의 필요성과 특수학급 음악지도자의 교육적 역량을 강화시키기 위하여 특수 학급 음악지도자가 갖추어야 할 학문적 지식을 심도 있게 논하였다. 셋째, 특수학급 음악 프로그램 개발과 관련하여 특수학급 음악 프로그램의 의미와 음악 프로그램 개발에 반영되어야 할 주요 요소들, 즉 학습발달심리, 음악활동 영역, 역량적 요소, 교육과정의 내용, 타 예술 및 타 교과의 융합 등에 관하여 집중적으로 논의하였다. 무엇보다도 본 연구가 특수학급 음악교육의 효과성을 높이고 음악교육 프로그램을 개발하는데 필요한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이라 기대한다. The objective of this study is to understand the meanings of music education for special classes, and also to discuss the development direction of music programs for special classes. In this background, this study understood the importance of special class as an alternative to inclusive class, deeply discussed the meanings of music education for special classes, qualifications for music instructors, and development direction of music programs in the perspective of music education, and especially, handled the main elements that should be reflected for the development of meaningful music programs for special classes, such as learning developmental psychology, various areas of music activity, competency- based elements, contents of curriculum, and conversion with other arts and other subjects. This study must be a significant work helpful for not only increasing the effectiveness of music education for students with disabilities in special classes, but also solving the current tasks of music education in inclusive classes and also developing the music education programs by special schools.