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Size-dependent applications of iron oxide nanoparticles
이노현 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.1
Iron oxide nanoparticles have been developed as efficient MRI contrast agents due to their unique magnetic property and biocompatibility. Extremely small iron oxide nanoparticles (ESIONs) smaller than 5 nm exhibits very weak magnetic properties owing to spin canting effect. This characteristic of ESIONs facilitates T1-weighted MRI through suppressing T2 contrast effect. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with sizes ranging from 5 nm to 20 nm show very stable colloidal stability and moderate T2 contrast effect. Multifunctional nanoparticles for bimodal CT and MR imaging were prepared by a sol-gel reaction of tantalum (V) ethoxide in a microemulsion containing SPIONs. Tumor-associated blood vessels and tumor microenvironments were revealed after administration of the nanoparticles using CT and MRI, respectively. Ferrimagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (FIONs) larger than 20 nm have strong magnetization. The theoretically predicted maximum r2 relaxivity (761 mM<sup>-1</sup>s<sup>-1</sup>) of iron oxide nanoparticles was achieved via size control ranging from 20 to 30 nm. Although r2 relaxivity of larger FIONs becomes smaller, they were efficiently taken up by various cells, allowing efficient cell labeling. Their efficient cellular uptake and strong magnetic property enabled highly sensitive MR imaging of single cells and pancreatic islets after transplantation.
Plasmid pBR 322 의 Covalently Linked Dimer 형성에 관한 연구
노현모,김용석,장승기 한국유전학회 1983 Genes & Genomics Vol.5 No.1
We observed the shift of the monomer form of pBR 322 in the host E. coli HB 101 to polymer, mainly dimer, in the continuous culture. In order to find the structure of dimer if catenated or covalently linked, the dimer form of plasmid was cleaved partially or completely with either S1 nuclease or Pst I restriction endonuclease, and analyzed by one and two dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis either in the neutral buffer containing ethidium bromide or in alkaline condition. The results suggested that the dimer was covalently linked. We also investigated the pattern of plasmid pEC-3, which is a pBR 322 derivative and grown in E. coli WA 802 (Rec A^+) for many generations. Similar results were obtained. As a possible mechasism for the polymerization, a model was proposed.
한방치료로 호전된 섬망을 동반한 좌측 중대뇌동맥경색 환자의 치험 1례
노현석,하유경,이찬솔,홍승철,박송원,최동준,박봉기,Noh, Hyeon-seok,Ha, You-kyoung,Yi, Chan-sol,Hong, Seung-cheol,Park, Song-won,Choi, Dong-jun,Park, Bong-ki 대한한방내과학회 2017 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.38 No.2
Objectives: The purpose of this case study is to describe the effect of Korean medicine on a patient with delirium caused by a left middle cerebral artery infarct. Methods: The patient was treated with Sopungbosimdodam-tang, acupuncture, and moxibustion. The Korean version of the Delirium Rating Scale (K-DRS), Neelon and Champagne (NEECHAM) Confusion Scale, and Korean Version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) were used to evaluate the effect of the treatment. Results: After 50 days of treatment with Sopungbosimdodam-tang, the patient's K-DRS score decreased from 16 to 8. The NEECHAM Confusion Scale also improved from 17 to 23, and the MMSE-K score improved from 1 to 7. Conclusion: This clinical study suggested that Korean medicine could contribute greatly to the treatment of delirium caused by a left middle cerebral artery infarct.
노현종 동국대학교 동서사상연구소 2017 철학·사상·문화 Vol.0 No.23
The Huainanzi is a masterpiece of East Asian political philosophy, based on proto-Daoism. It has, however, never received the same attention as other Chinese classics, due to the miserable death of its editor, Liu An. The Huainanzi explores scientific natural order, emphasizing the connectivity between the natural world and human beings and offering profound insights into human nature. Ultimately, The Huainanzi seeks to contrive a visionary political leadership and a political system based on nature. Machiavelli’s The Prince lays down the basic framework of Western politics. It describes the supreme leader’s ruling strategies for the implementation of power through realpolitik. The aim of this paper is to examine how these two masterpieces, written in different times and places, use their understanding of human nature to suggest ideal political leadership in an ideal political system. The study also examines the two books’ different positions on the rule of law and on military tactics. Despite the wide difference in political background of the books’ authors, there are some common factors, and the study analyzes them. Finally, the paper points out the valuable insights provided by The Huainanzi for realpolitik in the twenty-first century.
아시아 이머징 주식시장에서의 VaR 분석: 수익률 분포의 비대칭성과 꼬리가 두터운 특징을 중심으로
노현승 ( Hyun Seong Roh ),강상훈 ( Sang Hoon Kang ) 한국금융공학회 2014 한국금융공학회 학술발표회 Vol.2014 No.1
본 연구는 아시아 이머징 주식시장 MSCI지수 수익률을 사용하여 변동성의 장기기억 특성을 나타내는 AR(1)-FIGARCH 와 AR(1)-FIAPARCH 모형을 이용하여 수익률 분포도 가정의 적합도를 실증 분석하였다. 즉, 정규분포, Student-t 분포, Skewed student-t 분포 등을 이용하여 어떤 분포도가 모형에 보다 더 정확한VaR 를 추정할 수 있는지를 실증 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과 아시아 이머징 시장 변동성에 장기기억과 비대칭성이 존재하는 것으로 분석 되었다. 이는 주식시장에 충격이 소멸되지 않고 장기간 지속되는 것을 의미한다. 또한, 투자자들은 나쁜 충격에 민감하게 반응하는 것으로 분석 되었다. 마지막으로 표본내 VaR분석의 정확성 검정 결과 정규분포나 Student-t 분포를 가정한 모형보다는 skewed Student-t 분포를 가정한 모형이, 그리고 FIGARCH 모형보다는 FIAPARCH 모형이 다른 변동성 모형들보다 근소하지만 우월한 VaR 성과를 나타내었다. 하지만 표본외 VaR 분석의 정확성 검정 결과, 검정 모형에 따라서 다소 차이가 났으며, 일부 국가에서는 정규분포를 가정한 FIGARCH 모형이 전반적으로 우월한 VaR 측정성과를 나타내는 등 특별히 우월한 VaR 성과를 나타내는 모형을 찾을 수 없었다. 이는 복잡한 모형들이 항상 VaR 측정에 최적의 모형이 아님을 알 수 있었다. 하지만 본 연구에서 아시아 이머징 주식시장에 변동성의 비대칭성, 장기기억, 변동성 군집현상, 레버리지 효과 등의 대표적인 특징이 존재하는 것으로 나타났고, 표본내 분석에서 변동성의 특징들을 잘 나타내는 skewed Student-t 분포를 적용한 FIAPARCH 모형이 다른 모형에 비해 우월한 성과를 나타낸 만큼, 위험관리자나 투자자들은 변동성의 특징을 고려한 최적의 VaR 모형의 선택이 필요할 것이다. In this paper, we investigate the relevance of the skewed Student-t distribution innovation in capturing long memory and asymmetric features in the volatility of five Asian emerging stock markets. In this perspective, we compare the performance of in-sample and out-of-sample Value-at-Risk(VaR) analysis using the AR(1)-FIGARCH and AR(1)-FIAPARCH models with the normal, Student-t and skewed Student-t distributions. Our empirical results indicated that the AR(1)-FIAPARCH model is more appropriate in estimating long memory and asymmetric features in the volatility of all stock returns. In addition, the in-sample VaR analysis confirms that the FIAPARCH model with the skewed Student-t innovation predicted critical loss more accurately than did the models with the normal and Student-t innovations for both long and short positions. However, the out-of-sample analysis do not point out superior models with different distributions, implying that models with complicated assumptions are not the best model for VaR estimations.