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Effect of Refractory Properties on Initial Bubble Formation in Continuous-Casting Nozzles
이고기,Brian G. Thomas,김선효 대한금속·재료학회 2010 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.16 No.3
A water model has been applied to investigate initial bubble behavior using specially-coated samples of porous MgO refractory to simulate the high-contact angle of steel-argon refractory systems with different permeabilities. Air is injected through the porous refractory and travels through many inter-connected pores to exit the surface through “active sites”. An active site is a pore where bubbles exit from the surface of the porous refractory. The effect of refractory properties has been investigated in both stagnant and downward-flowing water. The number of active sites increases with increasing gas injection flow rate, permeability, and velocity of the downward-flowing water, and lower contact angle.
고기봉,이시영 한국화재소방학회 2009 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.23 No.2
현재 우리나라의 화재조사 제도는 소방, 경찰 등 공적영역 중심으로 이루어지고 있어, 제조물 하자에 따 른 화재발생 시 화재피해 이재민들의 권익보호를 위한 '민간 화재조사관 제도'와 같은 사적영역의 화재조 사 제도는 매우 취약한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 화재조사 관련 법률이 각 기관별로 분산 적용되고 있기 때문에 유사기관간의 중복조사로 인한 민원발생, 화재조사 현장에서 타 기관을 배제하는 과잉대응, 화재조 사 조직 및 인력의 중복운영으로 비효율적인 행정력 낭비 등 많은 문제점이 발생하고 있다. 본 연구논문 에서는 우리나라의 화재조사제도에 관한 전반적인 운영 실태와 문제점을 살펴보고 공적영역 및 사적영역 에서 화재조사제도 개선방안을 도출하였다. As the current fire investigation system in Korea has been performed mainly by the public sector such as fire service, police, etc., private fire investigation system such as 'private fire investigator system' to protect rights and interests of the sufferers from the fire accidents due to defective products showed very deficient. In addition, since the laws and regulations concerned about fire investigation are distributed into and applied for each organization, a lot of problems have been generated such as civil appeals due to duplicated investigations among similar organizations, excess reaction to exclude other organization from the fire investigation field, inefficient waste of administration force due to duplicated operation of fire investigation organization and manpower, etc. This study has surveyed generation operation conditions and problems of the fire investigation system in Korea and drawn its improvement method on the public and private sectors.
정책변화와 제도적 제약에 관한 탐색적 분석 : 텍스트 분석 방법의 적용 가능성을 중심으로
고기동(Ki Dong Ko),이은미(Eun Mi Lee) 위기관리 이론과 실천 2020 Crisisonomy Vol.16 No.10
본 연구는 많은 변화가 있을 것으로 표현되는 정책이 장기간의 시점에서 보았을 때에는 완만한 변화로 나타나는 현상을 텍스트 분석을 활용하여 신제도주의 시각을 통해 기술하는 데 중점을 둔 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 지난 25년 간 정부가 발표한 경제정책방향을 대상으로 실증하였다. 분석결과, 경제정책방향은 정책문서에 포함된 재량적 희소빈도단어에 의해 일시적·국지적 변화가 매번생산되었고, 이를 통해 경제정책방향은 대통령 임기 등 정치적 상황과 정책 환경에 탄력적으로 적응하는 변화성을 나타냈다. 한편 정책문서의 고빈도 단어는 제도적 제약 아래에서 경제정책방향의기본적 궤적과 틀을 형성하고 유지하는 역할을 수행하였고, 그러한 변화는 안정적으로 나타났다. 정책문서가 지니는 변화에 대한 지프분포의 이중적 속성으로 인해 변화성과 안정성이 함께 발현된것이다. 본 연구는 텍스트 분석을 활용하여 제도적 제약과 정책변화를 통합적으로 설명할 수 있는가능성을 탐색적으로 시도하였다는 점에 의의가 있다. This study focuses on describing the phenomena in which policies varying over time appear as gentle changes when viewed from a long-term perspective through a new institutional lens using text analysis. This research analyzes the economic policy direction announced by the South Korean government over the past 25 years. Based on infrequently-used discretionary words in the policy documents, temporary and partial changes were found in economic policy direction every year, which indicated that the economic policy direction in South Korea has been adapted flexibly to political situations and policy environment established by each presidency. On the other hand, high-frequency words in policy documents played a role in forming and maintaining the fundamental trajectory and framework of the economic policy directions under institutional constraints, and such changes were found to be stable. With respect to changes in policy documents, the duality of the Zipf distribution expressed both variability and stability at the same time. The main contribution of this study is to explore the possibility of comprehensively explaining both institutional constraints and policy changes using text analysis.
자연과학편 : 장기간(長期間)의 줄넘기 훈련(訓練)이 운동수행능력(運動遂行能力)에 미치는 영향(影響)
고기채(KiChaeKoh),손흥기(HeungKiSohn),최성근(SungKeunChoi) 한국체육학회 1990 한국체육학회지 Vol.29 No.1
The purpose of this study was to test the effect of rope skipping on physical work capacity. 30 physical education students at K-university were selected and divided into two groups : One was the control group with 15 students and the other was the training group with 15 students. Rope skipping was performed by 15 students of the training group everyday once in the morning and afternoon except on Saturday and Sunday.For the first four weeks the training group jumped rope at a rate of 150 times per minute for 5 minutes. For the next eight weeks at intervals of 4 weeks the training time was increased by two minutes for workout periods of 7 and 9 minutes respectively. To evaluate the change of body composition, skin fold thickness, fat percentage and lean body mass of each member was measured.To evaluate the change of physical fitness, leg strength, arm strength, back strength, power, flexibility and ability of each member was measured. To estimate the change of physical work capacity, heart rate, ventilation, respiratory frequency all out time and PWC<sub>170</sub> of each member was measured by using a cycle ergometer.A test of each participant’s physical examination was conducted once before and after the experiment.The results of data analysis are as follows :1) Weight, skinfold thickness and body fat of each member of the training group decreased significantly more than those of the control group.2) No significant change was revealed in leg strength, arm strength, back strength, power, flexibility and agility of each member in the control group, while change of those in the training group increased significantly after the 12 weeks experimentation.3) All out time, running distance and PWC<sub>170</sub> of those in the training group increased significantly while all out time, running distance and PWC<sub>170</sub> for those in the control group decreased.4) Heart rate during rest, exercise and recovery significantly decreased for those in the training group while heart rate for those in the control remained the same.5) Ventilation during rest, exercise and recovery for those in the training group significantly increased while ventilation for those in the control group remained the same.6) The respiratory frequency of those in the training group decreased to a rate lower than to those in the control group, but the result was not significant.Based on the result of the experiment, body fat of those in the training group decreased, physical fitness significantly increased and respiratory circulation of the training group improved. Therefore, a-12-week period of rope skipping revealed to be effective exercise.