핵의학 이용 방사핵종의 투여후 혈중 $PGE_2$의 변동

유용운,Ryu, Yong-Wun 대한방사선방어학회 1989 방사선방어학회지 Vol.14 No.1

$^{99m}TC,\;^{67}Ga,\;^{131}I,\;^{32}P$각각을 웅성백서에 투여하여 생체에 미치는 혈중 독성의 영향을 측정 비교하였다. 핵종의 투여량은 통상 인체에 주사되는 양을 기준으로하여 조절 하였으며 생화학적 반응 지표로 혈중 BUN, Creatinine, SGOT SGPT와 $PGE_2$의 활성도출 측정하였다. $^{99m}Tc$의 효과로 Creatinine의 변동은 없었으며 BUN, SGOT 및 $PGE_2$활성도가 투여 전에 비하여 증가된 경향을 보였으나 통계적 의의는 없었다. $^{67}Ga,\;^{131}I$ 및 $^{32}P$의 경우 BUN, SGPT 및 SGOT 에서의 증가는 임상적 의의는 없었으나 $PGE_2$는 정상치 보다 크게 상승 하였다. 한편 $^{238}U$이 가장 심한 독성을 나타내었다. 따라서 핵의학에서 이용되는 핵종의 방사성 독성의 효과를 평가할 경우 혈중 $PGE_2$의 측정법이 유용할 것으로 생각된다. After administration of $^{99m}TC,\;^{67}Ga,\;^{131}I,\;^{32}P\;and\;^{238}U(UO_2(NO_2)_3{\cdot}6H_2O)$, in male rats, toxic effects were examined by determining the biological materials in blood. Dosages of radio-nuclides injected are based on the amounts routinely administered to patients, and concentrations of BUN, creatinine, SGOT, SGPT and $PGE_2$ in plasma are determinated as indices to the biochemical response. No increase of creatinine was observed after injection of $^{99m}TC$. Concentrations of BUN, SGOT and $PGE_2$ were not significantly increased in comparison with before-administration. Administration of $^{67}Ga,\;^{131}I\;and\;^{32}P$, did not significantly change BUN, SGPT and SGOT, but largely increased $PGE_2$ than control levels. Besides, $^{238}U$ Showed the most severe toxicity. From the above results, we suggest that the determination of $PGE_2$ in plasma can be used as an index in case of elvaluating the effects of radiation toxicity by nuclides used in nuclear medicine.

Liposomes의 음성염색에 의한 전자현미경적 관찰

유용운,홍성운,김태환,Ryu, Yong-Wun,Hong, Seong-Woon,Kim, Tae-Hwan 한국현미경학회 1989 Applied microscopy Vol.19 No.2

To investigate the research of the tumor seeker using liposomes with negatively stained. The fine structure and size in liposomes composed of PC, DSPC, DAPC and SM phospholipid were observed. And the yield of vesicle affected with sonication by mechanical force were determined. The results were as follows. 1. The stain of 2% UA are obtained a good resolution from electron microscopic observation to compare the negatively liposomes with PTA, AM and UA solution. 2. The fine structure of liposomes except DAPC, PC and CH alone samples could be observed from EM experiment of liposomes composed of PC, DSPC, DAPC and SM phospholipid. 3. The results of experiment from 10, 20, 40 and 60 times sonication with 30sec, prepared 0.1mM NTA-SM-liposomes were obtained unilamella vesicles from groups of multilamella vesicles of phospholipid. 4. About 50nm diameter liposomes obtained through membration filtration step to prepare homogenized liposomes.

Cycloheximide 가 취장 소화효소 활성에 미치는 영향

김윤수,김명원,유용운 ( Yoon Soo Kim,Myung Won Kim,Yong Wun Ryu ) 생화학분자생물학회 1974 BMB Reports Vol.7 No.2

These experiments were designed to assess the dietary-induced depletion and repletion of pancreatic enzymes mediating the adaptation of rat pancreas to the substitution of 5% casein diet for a normal diet of 18% casein and the substitution of 18% casein normal diet for a 5% casein diet which causes the pancreatic enzymes of chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, amylase and lipase to decrease remarkably during the 2∼4 weeks feeding period. Pancreatic chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen and amylase of the rat`s (feeding) normal diet were severely depressed by one dose of intraperitoneal injection of cycloheximide (1㎍/gm of body weight) which is believed to be a specific inhibition of peptide bond formation. However, lipase was not affected at all by this treatment. The pancreatic enzymes of the rat fed with 5% casein diet for 4 weeks were depressed but when the 5% casein diet was substituted to a 18% casein diet the repletion of pancreatic enzymes was remakable. However, the repletion of chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen and amylase was prevented or even more depressed when 1 ㎍/gm of body weight of cycloheximide was injected intraperitoneally, daily during the period of 18% normal casein diet feeding. The only exception was lipase which recovered to normal enzyme level in the same as noncyclohe ximide treated rats. These results indicate that the enzymatic repletion and depletion of the pancreatic enzymes in the diet are not similar to each other and are entirely different in the case of lipase, even though these pancreatic enzymes are found in identical tissues of the rat.

급성 및 만성 영양장애가 소화효소 활성 및 세포기능에 미치는 실험적 연구

김윤수,황석귀,김명원,유용운,송정석 ( Yoon Soo Kim,Suk Kuy Whang,Myung Won Kim,Yong Wun Ryu,Chung Suk Song ) 생화학분자생물학회 1974 BMB Reports Vol.7 No.1

A variety of digestive Enzymes of pancreatic and intestinal origin participate in the breakdown of protein, carbohydrate and lipids. It has been known that some of enzyme output of the intestinal glands can be manipulated by altering components of the diet. The incidence of patients who are suffering from gastrointestinal trouble in Korea is much higher than that of the United States. This fact might correlate with diet composition of Korean and American dishes. These facts are attractive for us to study the effect of diet composition on the digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, trypsin and chymotrypsin, and to decide whether the difference of diet composition affects these enzymes and whether such high incidence of gastroin testinal patients in Korea could be adequately explained by change in digestive enzyme activities of the animals fed with different diet. Our previous experiments have shown that pancreatic enzyme activites of rats fed with 5% casein diet which was prepared similarly to Korean diet in terms of protein content only were depressed as much as one fifth of that of control during two weeks feeding period. but it is true that protein is not only depleted but fat is also depleted in Korean dishes. The primary objective of the experiments described herein was to study the effect on the pancreatic enzyme activities of diet which was similarly prepared to Korean dishes and also to study the effect on the pancreatic enzyme activities of varying the proportion of fat to carbohydrate in the diet which is keeping the diet isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Data from this experiment will be discussed ire conjunction with previously published results conducted in our laboratory in order to illustrate how the high incidence of gastrointestinal patients in Korea could be adequately explained by diet prepared in similar composition to the Korean dishes. In a random distribution, male albino rats, weighing the average of 80 gm each were divided into five groups. Group I ; 5% casein : no fat : carbohydrate Group II ; 5% casein : 12% fat : carbohydrate Group III ; 18% casein : no fat : carbohydrate Group IV ; 18% casein : 12% fat : carbohydrate Group V ; 18% casein : high fat : carbohydrate (ratio of fat to carbohydrate 94 : 6) Calorie difference from protein or fat depletion was substitiuted by carbohydrate. At the end of designated time interval, the rats were sacrificed 14-15 hours after the last meal by decapitation. The pancreas was carefully romoved and placed in a cold 0. 25M sucrose solution (4℃). A 5% homogenate in 0.25M sucrose was prepared from the glandular {free of obvious lymph nodes and adipose tissue) portion of the pancreas. 5:% Homogenates were centrifuged (14,000 x g) for 15 minutes to remove cellular debris and whole cells. Enzyme analysis and protein determination were subsequently performed on the supernatant. Protein was determined by Lawry method (1951). Enzyme activity assays were performed using modification of Hepler method (1962) for amylase and the method developed by Cherry and Crandall (1932) for lipase. Chymotryptic assays were performed using a modification of method developed by Rhodes et al. (1957), as a substrate for chymotrypsinogen N-acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester was used. Trypsinogen assay was similarly performed using p-toluene-sulfonyl-L-arginine methyl ester as a substrate. The assays were linear with respect to enzyme concentration over the range used under specified conditions such as temperature (37℃) and incubation period, 30 minutes for amylase, 1 hour for lipase, and for the trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen the recording of dye disappearing of optical density was recorded 2 to 3 seconds after adding substrate-buffer-indicator The results of the experiments in which the effect of different composition of nutrient which was prepared in similar composition to Korean dishes on pancreatic enzyme acitivities are summarized as the following. When the enzyme activity

급성 및 만성 영양장애가 소화효소 활성 및 세포기능에 미치는 실험적 연구

김윤수,황석귀,김명원,유용운,송정석,Kim, Yoon-Soo,Whang, Suk-Kuy,Kim, Myung-Won,Ryu, Yong-Wun,Song, Chung-Suk 생화학분자생물학회 1974 한국생화학회지 Vol.7 No.1

저자들은 한국인 주식에 흡사한 각종 식이 조성을 달리한 인공 식이가 취장소화효소 활성에 어떻게 영향을 미치며 이들 식이 조성차이와 소화효소 활성과의 함수관계를 알아 보기 위하여 식이 조성을 달리한 각종 식이를 가지고 실험한바 다음과 같은 실험결과를 얻었다. 식이 I군(저단백, 무지방, 고함수탄소)과 식이 II군(저단백, 정상지방, 고함수탄소)으로, 4주 또는 6주동안 사육후 백쥐의 취장 소화 효소 활성을 측정하여 그 변화를 비교 관찰하였다. 정상식이(정상단백, 정상지방, 정상 함수탄소)로 해당 기간 동안 기른 쥐의 각 효소 활성치를 100%로 표시할 때 식이 I, 식이 II로 2주 동안 기른 쥐 취장 소화 효소 chymotrypsinogen은 정상치의 0~10% trypsinogen은 0~20% amylase는 10~15%, lipase 20~25%로 저하 하였다. 이와 같은 효소 활성치의 저하는 계속 4주 6주에도 유지 하였으며 식이 III군(정상단백, 무지방, 고함수탄소)에서는 정상군과 하등의 변화가 없이 소화효소 활성치를 유지하였다. 즉 소화효소 chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, amylase, lipase 이들 모든 효소 활성은 우리가 사용한 지방의 함량에 하등의 영향을 받지 아니 하였으며 식이중 단백질 함양유무(18%)가 효소활성 저하의 중요한 요인의 하나라는 사실을 실험적으로 입증하였다. 이와 같이 식이 조성 차이로서 저하된 각식이군의 효소 활성도는 4주, 6주에 정상식이로 대체 하였을 때 식이 I, II로 4주, 6주동안 사육한 기간에 상관없이 식이 대체 3일만에 chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, Iipase는 정상치로 회복하였으며 amylase는 4주에 대체한 것이 5일, 6주에 대체한 것이 7일을 요하였다. 즉 식이에 의한 amylase 효소 활성 회복 반응은 chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, lipase와 상이 하였다. 4, 6주후에 정상식이 대신 저단백(5%) 고지방(78%) 저함수탄소(17%)로 조성된 고 지방식이로 대체 하였을때 소화효소는 전혀 회복을 보이지 아니한 사실로 미루어 보아 소화효소 활성 회복에는 단백질함양이 절대필수요소 임을 실험적으로 입증하였으며 지방은 전혀 관계하지 않은 사실도 압증하였다. 정상단백질(18%)이 일정하고 고지방(78%) 저함수탄소(5%) 식이로 3주, 4주 동안 기른 쥐의 취장내 효소활성 chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, lipase는 하등의 영향을 받지 아니 하였으며 amylase 치만이 정상치 100% 보다 3주에 61.5%, 4주에 64%로 저하된 효소 활성치를 보였다. Amylase는 지방 함양보다 함수탄소양에 영향 받은 것 같다. 이상과 같은 우리의 실험적 사실은 취장 소화 효소 활성은 식이조성 차이로서 영향 받으나 지방 함양의 다소 유무에 하등의 영향을 받지 아니하고 오로지 단백질 함양 만이 그들효소의 활성 및 회복에 필수요소 임을 실험적으로 입중하였으며 amylase는 단백질 함양에도 영향 받으나 단백질 함양이 정상이고 함수탄소양을 줄인 고지방식이(함수탄소 : 지방 6 : 94)는 amylase 활성에 영향을 미친다는 사실도 구명하였다. the corresponding tissue fed with normal diet, the enzyme activities of chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, amylase and lipase were depressed by 0-10%, 0-20%, 10-15% and 20-25% respectively at the end of two weeks during the feeding of group I and group II and then these range of depletion of enzyme activities maintained continuously up to the end of tour and six weeks. This result suggests that digestive enzyme activities are influenced by only depletion of protein but not by various amount of fat in diet at all when carbohydrate is sufficient. Some of animals in groups I and II receiving designated diet for four and six weeks were transferred to the normal diet then pancreatic enzyme were assayed on the third, fifth and seventh days. The recovery of these enzymes is remarkable, and apparently the rats fed protein-and lipid-depleted diet were able to respond immediately to the stimulus of diet. Complete recovery of chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen and lipase was observed after three days feeding regardless rats fed with protein- and lipid-depleted diet for four or six weeks except amylase which was recovered after five days feeding in the group of rats fed diet I and II for four weeks and seven days feeding in the group of rats fed diet I and II for six weeks. No difference in the recovery rate of enzyme was observed between diets I and II and also between the group of the rats when the rats in groups I and II shifted to the normal diet at four weeks and six weeks. Rats fed protein- and lipid-depleted for four and six weeks were not able to respond to the stimulus of diet, at all, which consists of high lipid. low protein, and low carbohydrate. This result illustrates that the essential factor for stimulus of enzyme activity is protein in diet but not carbohydrate and fat. The effect of high proportion of fat to carbohydrate (94: 6) in isonitrogenous, isocaloric diet on pancreatic enznyme activities also was studied in rats and compared to the effect of normal isocaloric diet. The diet which provided 57 cal/day and the experiment lasted for four weeks, no effect of this diet on pancreatic chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen and lipase was observed. However, pancreatic amylase was reduced to 61.5% at the end of three weeks and 64% at the end of four weeks. This result indicates that pancreatic amylase activity may be related when carbohydrate is restricted but protein is normal in diet. These results indicate that when various dietary composition is related to the pancreatic enzyme activity, one of main influential factor in diet on pancreatic enzyme is protein, but not fat at all. However pancreatic amylase acivity may be related when carbohydrate is resticted but protein is normal in diet. Our experimental evidence tends to indicate that enzyme synthesis in the pancreas is regulated, at least in part by the composition of amino acid pool(s) in the acinar cells of pancreas. This may be due to the decreased amount of amino acid in the dietary protein, but not composition of fat. It can be postulated that the decrease in the dietary protein affects synthesis and secretion of pancreatic digestive enzymes, and then the intracellular structure of the cell, resulting in decrease of cell activity and tissue debility.

쏠종개 Plotosus Lineatus(Thunberg)의 생식주기

허성일 ( Seong Il Heo ),유용운 ( Yong Woon Ryu ),노섬 ( Sum Rho ),이치훈 ( Chi Hoon Lee ),이영돈 ( Young Don Lee ) 한국수산과학회 2007 한국수산과학회지 Vol.40 No.3

Furosemide 이뇨중의 내당능 및 Insulin 반응에 미치는 K 또는 Ca 보충투여의 영향

성호경(Sung, Ho-Kyung),고주환(Koh, Joo-Hwan),유용운(Ryu, Yong-Woon) 대한생리학회 1976 대한생리학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Effect of furosemide administration on glucose tolerance, insulin-and HGH response following parenteral glucose loading was studied in healthy subjects. Effects of potassium or calcium on the furosemide induced changes were also observed in the same subjects. Furosemide administration resulted in a considerable reduction in the magnitude and duration of insulin response although no obvious changes were observed in glucose disappearance from the circulation. Oral potassium or calcium supplement to the furosemide treated subjects showed a reversion toward normal of the insulin response. The author suggested that a decreased endogenous insulin production resulting from the potassium and/or calcium depletion is responsible for the changes observed. In those subjects who receive parenteral nutrition if administration of furosemide is essential, it should be supplemented by potassium and/or calcium.

인공생산 뱀장어(Anguilla japonica) 자어의 소화기관 발달 특성

신민규 ( Min Gyu Shin ),김신권 ( Shin-kwon Kim ),이배익 ( Bae-ik Lee ),최윤희 ( Youn Hee Choi ),유용운 ( Yongwoon Ryu ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2021 한국수산과학회지 Vol.54 No.3

Freshwater eel Anguilla japonica is a commercially important species in East Asia. However, given the continuously decreasing resources due to many problems as climate change, habitat destruction and overfishing, mass seed production is crucial. In particular, the eel larvae present a unique life history, spending prolonged periods in the Pacific Ocean. Therefore, finding suitable feed that lasts through the long larval stages is rather difficult. In the present study, we histologically observed the development of digestive organs for 50 days after hatching (DAH). The endogenous reserves were completely absorbed at 7 DAH, and the first exogenous feeding started thereafter. The teeth appeared at 4 DAH and dramatically changed from needle-like to broad-based types by 50 DAH. The intestine remained as straight gut until 50 DAH. The intestinal cilia appeared first at 6 DAH and their density continuously increased thereafter. Interestingly, goblet cells appeared in the intestine, but not in the esophagus, where these cells are commonly observed in other teleosts. In addition, high amounts of eosinophil substances, assumed to be zymogen granules, accumulated in the pancreas, suggesting a specific digestive strategy of this species. Overall, these observations largely update the previous reports and can be useful to improve A. japonica seed production.

天然우라늄 毒性에 關한 治療硏究

유용운,이진오,윤택구 대한방사선 방어학회 1987 방사선방어학회지 Vol.12 No.2

천연 우라늄의 주독성이 중금속독성인지 혹은 방사성장해독성인지를 알기 위하여 질산납과 질산우라늄을 투여하여 변동되는 혈중 BUN, Creatinine C-AMP 및 PGE2의 활성도를 측정 비교하였다. 질산우라늄 투여시 비효소계인 질산대사의 임상적 지표인 BUN 및 Creatinine값은 질산납 투여군에 비교하여 예민한 반응을 나타냈으나 C-AMP의 활성도에는 의의있는 변화가 없었다. 한편 질산 우라늄의 농도 변화에 따른 PGE2의 활성도의 변동은 질산납 투여와 달리 현저하게 증가 되는 것을 관찰하였다. 이 결과는 천연우라늄의 저준위 방출 방사선이 세포막에 반응하여 PGE2농도에 변화를 주는 것으로 사료된다. 질산 우라늄의 투여로 증가된 혈중 PGE2의 농도를 감퇴시킴에 있어 Glucagon, Aldosterone 및 Furosemide를 사용하였다. The present study has determined BUN, createinine, c-AMP and PGE; activities as a clinical signs of radiation toxicity caused by uranylnitrate in rats. The significant increasing of PGE; concentration in plasma between the administration of uranylnitrate and lead nitrate were shown radiotoxic in nature on the effect of radiation energy. The reduction of PGE activities in plasma in uranylnitrate treated rats after furosemide, aldosterone and glucagone I.P. administration have observed the stimulating effect of uranium excretion into cells.

천연우라늄 독성에 관한 실험 연구

유용운,이진오,윤택구 대한방사선 방어학회 1986 방사선방어학회지 Vol.11 No.1

천연우라늄의 생체내 흡수 및 분포의 역학적 정보와 반응을 알기 위하여 질산우라늄을 투여하여 변동되는 조직분포 및 혈중 BUN, Creatinine, SGPT 및 SGOT의 활성도를 측정하였다. 조직중의 우라늄 함량은 방사화분석법을 이용하여 방출되는 γ에너지의 강도를 측정함으로써 조사하였다. 이때 시간이 경과함에 따라 질산우라늄의 조직분포의 양상은 특히 폐가 다른 장기에 비하여 현저하게 축적되는 것을 관찰하였다. 한편 25mg/kg의 질산우라늄 투여시 비효소제인 질소대사의 임상적 지표인 BUN, 및 Creatinine값은 예민한 반응을 나타냈으나 효소제의 SGPT 및 SGOT의 활성도에는 큰 변화가 없었다. 1mg/kg의 질산우라늄 투여에 의한 SGPT 및 SGOT의 활성도의 변화는 복강투여후 90분에 최고치를 나타내다가 회복되었다. 우라늄 흡수의 조직분포의 실험결과 간장 및 신장의 축적이 흡수초기에 최고치를 나타내다 다시 감소되는 결과로 미루어 보다 우라늄의 독성을 가장 크게 나타나는 결정자기(critical organ)는 신장이나 간장이 아니고 폐장임을 알 수 있었다. Tissue distribution and blood chemistry of uranium in serum levels of BUN, Creatinine, SGPT and SGOT were determined in rats after the administration of uranylnitrate. Determination of uranium in organ was done by radioactivation analysis. Radioactivity of ²³?Np in lung was higher than in other tissues (e.g. liver, kidneys, spleen, tibia, testes, stomach and brain). Correlations between BUN and Creatinine were positively increased after the administration of 25 mg/kg uranylnitrate. The SGPT and SGOT activities showed weak correlation with the control group. However, activities of SGPT and SGOT after the administration of 1mg/kg uranylnitrate showed high peak at 90 min interval. Uranium uptake by liver and kidneys increased at early period and decreased immediately to the control level. Lung who confirmed to be the critical organ on toxic effect by uranylnitrate.