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납 안정동위원소를 이용한 아연제련시설 인근지역의 납 오염 특성
유석민 ( Suk-min Yu ),김혁 ( Hyuk Kim ),박유미 ( Yu-mi Park ),박광수 ( Kwang-su Park ),박진주 ( Jin-ju Park ),김지영 ( Jee-young Kim ),석광설 ( Kwang-seol Seok ),김영희 ( Young-hee Kim ) 한국환경분석학회 2016 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.19 No.3
This study was conducted to evaluate lead(Pb) pollution near a zinc smelter using Pb stable isotopes as environmental tracers. Environmental samples such as air particles, precipitation, soils, conifer leaves, and tree rings were analyzed; input and output materials were also collected from the zinc smelter. The 207Pb/206Pb ratios of the output materials from the zinc smelter were in the range of 0.865-0.881, and plotted on a mixing line with zinc ores from South America and Australia as the two end-members. The 207Pb/206Pb ratios of air particles, precipitation, and conifer leaves were in the ranges of 0.822-0.887, 0.853-0.882, and 0.86 -0.877, respectively, and fall within the line attributed to the smelter. In contrast, the 207Pb/206Pb ratios of soils fell within a broader range of 0.694-0.893. Soils with a higher 207Pb/206Pb ratio of 0.850 were plotted on the smelter line and showed high Pb concentrations of 207.5±141.9 mg/kg. Soils with a lower 207Pb/206Pb ratio of 0.850 were plotted on the Korean ore line and showed low Pb concentrations of 60.5±44.2 mg/kg. The 207Pb/206Pb ratios of tree rings showed an increasing trend toward the isotopic composition of emission gases, implying that the source of Pb pollution changed from the local mine to the zinc smelter.
박유미 ( Yu Mi Park ),박진주 ( Jin Ju Park ),이민도 ( Min Do Lee ),허인애 ( In Ah Huh ),유석민 ( Suk Min Yoo ),김은희 ( Eun Hee Kim ),석광설 ( Kwang Seol Seok ),김영희 ( Young Hee Kim ) 한국환경분석학회 2015 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.18 No.4
Mercury mass balance was investigated in Lake An-dong, located in the upper stream of the Nakdong River, to assess the status of mercury pollution by measuring mercury inputs and outputs of the lake. The parameters for mercury input estimation included atmospheric wet deposition (0.52 kg/yr), dry deposition (0.20 kg/yr), river inflow (16.93 kg/yr) and diffusion from lake sediments (0.64 kg/yr). The mercury inputs totaled 18.29 kg/yr, and 92.5% of this total input was attributed to river inflow from the upper stream. Mercury outputs were measured in evasion (0.14 kg/yr), lake outflow (1.92 kg/yr) and sedimentation (45.77 kg/yr), and the total mercury output was estimated to be 47.83 kg/yr. The imbalance between the inputs and outputs of mercury was 29.54 kg/yr, which suggests that there are other missing inputs of mercury to Lake An-dong such as river input during heavy rainfalls and tributary inflow.
안정동위원소를 이용한 이동오염원에 의한 대기 중 NO<sub>2</sub>의 거동특성 연구
박광수,김혁,유석민,노샘,박유미,석광설,김민섭,윤숙희,김영희,Park, Kwang-Su,Kim, Hyuk,Yu, Suk-Min,Noh, Seam,Park, Yu-Mi,Seok, Kwang-Seol,Kim, Min-Seob,Yoon, Suk Hee,Kim, Young-Hee 한국분석과학회 2019 분석과학 Vol.32 No.1
질소산화물(NOx)은 인위적 배출원(화석연료 연소, 이동오염원, 산업배출원 등)과 자연배출원(번개, 생물기원 토양, 산불 등)으로부터 배출된다. 질소안정동위원소를 이용한 분석 기법은 배출원의 기여도 및 추적 인자로 활용되어 왔다. 본 연구는 NOx의 특성을 보기 위하여 ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$를 측정하였으며 배출원의 동위원소 특성을 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 시료채취가 용이한 Ogawa PAS를 이용하여 대기 중 가스상 질소를 포집하여 안정동위원소를 분석하였다. 도심지역 터널내부의 평균 $NO_2$ 농도는 $3808.8{\pm}2656.5ppbv$이며, ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ 값은 $7.7{\pm}1.8$‰를 나타내며 일반적인 이동오염원의 값을 나타냈다. 고속도로의 이동오염원으로부터 거리에 따른 결과, 고속도로와 인접한 지점의 $NO_2$ 농도는 $965.4{\pm}125.2ppbv$이며 ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$는 $5.9{\pm}1.4$‰이었고, 1.1 km 떨어진 지점의 $NO_2$ 농도는 $372.5{\pm}95.9ppbv$이며 ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$는 $-11.5{\pm}2.9$‰로 고속도로인근의 값이 높게 나타내었다. 고속도로부터 이동오염원 기여율을 보기 위하여 binary mixing model을 수행하였으며 고속도로와 근접할수록 기여율, 농도 및 동위원소가 높게 나타나는 경향을 나타냈다. Sources of NOx are both anthropogenic (e.g. fossil fuel combustion, vehicles, and other industrial processes) and natural (e.g. lightning, biogenic soil processes, and wildfires). The nitrogen stable isotope ratio of NOx has been proposed as an indicator for NOx source partitioning, which would help identify the contributions of various NOx sources. In this study, the ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ values of vehicle emissions were measured in an urban region, to understand the sources and processes that influence the isotopic composition of NOx emissions. The Ogawa passive air sampler was used to determine the isotopic composition of $NO_2$(g). In urban tunnels, the observed $NO_2$ concentration and ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ values averaged $3809{\pm}2656ppbv$ and $7.7{\pm}1.8$‰, respectively. The observed ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ values are associated with slight regional variations in the vehicular $NO_2$ source. Both $NO_2$ concentration and ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ values were significantly higher near the expressway ($965{\pm}125ppbv$ and $5.9{\pm}1.4$‰) than at 1.1 km from the expressway ($372{\pm}96ppbv$ and $-11.5{\pm}2.9$‰), indicating a high proportion of vehicle emissions. Ambient ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ values were used in a binary mixing model to estimate the percentage of the ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ value contributed by vehicular NOx emissions. The calculated percentage of the ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ contribution by vehicles was significantly higher close to the highway, as observed for the $NO_2$ concentration and ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$.
수중 운동 수행 시 숙련자와 비숙련자의 면역글로불린 A와 코티졸 반응 비교
신윤아(Yun A Shin),유연주(Yeon Joo Yu),석민화(Min Hwa Suk) 한국사회체육학회 2007 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.30
The purpose of this study was to compare the stress and immune response between aquarobic experts and novices during cardio-aquarobic exercise. Immunogloblin(IgA), cortisol, Rating of Perceived Exertion(RPE), and heart rate were measured to identify the response of stress and immune in accordance with the levels of cardiovascular fitness during cardio-aquarobic exercise. Expert group(n=9) had 56 months of experience and novice group(n=8) had one month of experience in the aquatic exercise field. The heart rate showed significant difference in group(p<.05) and time(p<.001), and RPE showed significant differences in group(p<.05), time(p<.001), and interactions between group and time(p<.001). IgA and cortisol showed significant differences in time(before and after aquarobic exercise)(p<.01, p<.001, respectively). The response of immune and stress did not show any significant difference both rest and post exercise condition between groups. Therefore, we think that aquarobic exercise is the moderate intensity of exercise which reduced the impact of the muscloskeletal system in body and the psychological stress and increased the immune system. Our results demonstrated that the expert group in aquarobic exercise only showed significant differences in the heart rate and RPE. Therefore further study may investigate the response of immune and stress in different intensity, levels, and conditions of aquarobic exercise.