Disciplinary Session 9 / Sport Biomechanics / Gait and Running Analysis : 10km/h 속도 달리기의 일률 및 에너지 분석

원문학,조병준,이민형,강호율 ( Wenxue Yuan,Byung Joon Cho,Min Hyung Lee,Ho Youl Kang ) 한국체육학회 1998 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.1998 No.2

미끄럼 발생시 노인의 보행 동작변화 연구

김선필,원문학 경주대학교 2002 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

This study investigates the balance adjustment of walking to prevent a slipping accident in the elderly Gait analyses for six elderly subjects were performed on three different road conditions, normal surface, virtual slip information on the normal surface, slippery surface with oil contaminant. 1. On the slippery ground surface, the g a t pattern was modified into the longer supporting time to secure balance recovery. However, the foot strike angle showed insignificant variation from slippery motion. 2. On three different road conditions, the subjects appeared a tendency to raise their body center, and increased the vertical projection ratio of the body center on the surface. The maximum vertical velocity of the body center was adjusted to before take-off on the slippery surface from night after the toe's take-off of the swing leg in normal gait. 3. Dung the latter supporting period after slip, the subject decreased the positive moment and positive energy during ankle extension. The subject showed an abnormal extension at the knee during the supporting period. At the hip, the subjects showed the noticeable pattern of flexion moment during the supporting period.

운동역학: 미끄럼 발생에 따른 노인의 보행 동적특성 연구

조병준(ByungJoonCho),원문학(WenXueYuan),김선필(SeonPilKim) 한국체육학회 2002 한국체육학회지 Vol.41 No.5

This study investigates the balance adjustment of walking to prevent a slipping accident in the elderly. Gait analyses for six elderly subjects were performed on three different road conditions; normal surface, slip information on the normal surface, slippery surface with oil contaminant.1. On the slippery ground surface, the gait pattern was modified into the longer supporting time to secure balance recovery. However, the foot strike angle showed insignificant variation from slippery motion.2. On three different road conditions, the subjects appeared a tendency to raise their body center, and restricted the vertical body motion in comparison with the young subjects.3. During the supporting period after slip, the subject showed the rapid increase of the positive moment and notable energy loss. At the knee, the subject experiences the rapid increase of the negative moment, and the similar power patterns on the normal gait. At the hip, the subjects maintained the noticeable pattern of the flexion moment and diminished the pattern of the extension moment at the latter supporting period. In addition, the subjects did not show the peak of the energy absorbtion during the supporting period. This result shows the tendency to lessen the response for balance adjustments in the elderly.

운동역학 : 미끄럼 발생에 따른 보행 동적 특성 연구

김선필(SeonPilKim),원문학(WenXueYuan),이민형(MinHyongLee) 한국체육학회 2001 한국체육학회지 Vol.40 No.2

본 연구에서는 정상보행과 미끄럼상태에서 자세회복을 위한 동적 균형제어 메커니즘의 영향을 밝히기 위하여, 정상 성인 6명을 대상으로 3 종류의 보행형태(정상보행, 가상미끄럼, 미끄럼)에 대한 동작수행을 측정하였다. 특정변인에 대한 통계와 변인 변화곡선을 표준화하여 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다.1. 보행주기동안 미끄럼이 발생되면 지지시간을 길게 하고 스윙시간을 감소하여, 균형유지를 확보하기 위한 동작패턴이 변형된다. 발 분절의 착지각도는 정상보행과 미끄럼 상태간에 차이를 보였다.2. 미끄럼을 경험한 이후에는 미끄러지는 발의 착지 전부터 동작 변형이 발생되어 정형유지에 유리한 인체중심을 높이는 경향을 보였다. 정상보행 수직방향 속도의 최대치는 스윙쪽 다리의 발끝이 이지 직후에 나타났지만 미끄럼 위험이 있는 경우 최대치가 이지 전에 나타났다.3. 미끄러지는 경우 지지기 후반에 양의 모멘트가 적고 족 관절의 신전이 정상으로 이루지 못하여 에너지 출력도 미미하였다. 또한 슬 관절은 신전이후 굴곡을 정상으로 이루지 못한 경향을 보였다. 고 관절에서는 미끄럼 실험 모두 착지 전반의 고 관절 굴곡 모멘트를 정상으로 이루지 못했으며 지지기 중반에 에너지의 흡수가 크게 나타나 이는 평형유지를 위한 반사반응에 기여한 것으로 생각된다. This study investigates the balance adjustment of walking to prevent a slipping accident. Gait analyses for six subjects were performed on three different road conditions; normal, virtual slip information, slippery surface with oil contaminant.1. On the slippery ground surface, the gait pattern was modified into the longer supporting time to secure balance recovery Also, the foot strike angle showed significant variation.2. Prior to foot strike on the surface, the subjects appeared a tendency to raise their body center, and at heel strike. The maximum vertical velocity of the body center was adjusted to before take-off on the slippery surface from right after the toe’s take-off of the swing leg in normal gait.3. During the later supporting period after slip, the subjects decreased the positive moment and the joint extension of the ankle. Thus, the ankle energy was less than that of the normal gait. At the knee, the subjects showed an abnormal flexion after knee-extending.

경영에서 grab start와 track start의 운동학적 분석

김연정,이민형,원문학,김헌수 한국운동역학회 2000 한국운동역학회지 Vol.10 No.1

본 연구는 남녀 수영 선수 6명씩을 대상으로 grab start와 track start를 실시하여 두 집단간과 두 출발법간의 동작 특성을 운동학적으로 분석한 후 변인들을 정량화 하여 선수들에게 출발법에 대한 심층적인 이해를 제공하고 효과적인 훈련에 기여하도록 하는 것이 목적이며 실험으로 카메라 4대를 이용하였으며 분석을 위해 권(1993)이 개발한 Kwon3D 동작 분석 프로그램으로 3차원 영상 분석을 실시하였다. 결과의 통계 처리 자료로는 SPSS 프로그램을 사용하였으며 출발에 관련된 운동학적 변인을 수평방향과 수직방향에서의 인체 중심점 위치와 속도의 변화를 측정하였다. 위치 변화에서는 출발대를 떠나는 지점에서 남자 선수들은 수직 지향을 여자 선수들은 수평 지향을 함을 알 수 있었고 속도 변화에서 출발대를 떠나는 순간 track start가 속도값이 크기는 하나 두 출발법 사이에 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. The research has the aim to analyze and find out kinematic features of grab start and track start between male and femail. With having selected 6 swimmers form each for this experiment four video-cameras(60 frames/sec) and control-box(length-2m, width-1m, hight-1m) to get real space coordinates were used. The DLT method was employed to obtain the 3-dimensional coordinates of the 25 body points for digitizing with Kwon3D Motion Analysis Package developed by Kwon, Young-hoo (1993). SPSS was used for statistic process. Kinematic variable were measured in start: The center of mass of body in horizontal and vertical, variation of velocity, entry distance. The following are the results. 1. In change of the body-center, the starting methods of man and women are same in horizontal directions, but in vertical directions the amount of women´s body changement is decreasing ever, while the amount of man´s body changement is increasing continuously with his foot off the start line. The change of the position and velocity in vertical directions is changing with the same tendency in case of starting ways of both man and women, but in vertical directions man´s amount of changement has steep increasing curve, and women´s one has decreasing curve. 2. Horizontal ANOVA analysis of body-center shows that starting method represent not such difference at taking-off moment but significant difference at initial moving point(F=237.016, p<.01). Vertical analysis shows significant difference in gender and starting method(for each F=31.132, p<.01, f=22.591, p<.01)

자연과학편 : 스트랭스화(靴)와 운동화(運動靴) 탄성충격저항(彈性衝擊抵抗)에 의한 Plyometric 트레이닝 효과비교(效果比較) 연구(硏究)

채홍원(HongWoenChae),이민형(MinHyungLee),장용수(YongSooChang),강영수(YoungSooKang),추계호(ZouJiHao),정후성(ZhenHouChen),원문학(WonMoonHeck) 한국체육학회 1995 한국체육학회지 Vol.34 No.1

It has been generally reported that. the plyometric training with volley-boll shoes(VS)can strengthen the voluntary muscles and improve their stetch reflex and the power in consequence of the connected elastic reflex: it provides an overloaded isometrics exercise which causes muscular stretch reflex in the amortization phase while players are engaging in landing and take-up motion.It is also generally argued that the plyometrics thaining with strength-power shoes(SPS) can reinforce the strength and power by overloading the muscles in thigh. calf and knee, and Achilles tendon: the strength-power shoes, with wide rubber soles and no heel, can shift and keep the whole body weight onto the front part of the feet. This research was intended to compare the SPS and the VS when they were employed in the plyometrics training by means of elastic impact resistance, and to determine which of the two would be better improve the muscular strength and power of the players. To attain the aim, we selected 24 university students in China, the non-controlled. group with ordinary VS. All the subjects were measured after training for 20 to 30 minutes on every third day for 8 weeks. With other training conditions equal, both groups were assigned with. the gradual loading system of plyometric exercise: that is, with the increasing height of the springboard form 40cm to 50, 60, and 70cm for the subjects to experience the repetitive isometric stress. Every record was measured before and after the test with cross-sectional analysis.The result of which are as follows.1. Motor FitnessThe SPS group showed a higher performence rate in motor speed(1), vertical jump(6), and power(1). The improvement rates in the pre-post test of SPS and VS were, respectively, 68% and 5.9%. 16.8% and 10.2%, 17.3% and 15.9%, 21.4% and 15.6%, 22.9% and 21.4%, 22.3% and 17.5% and 23.7% and 17.8%(p<0.01)In the improvement rate, SPS showed a higher rate(15.7%, 16.3%, 12.6%, 17.2%, 0.1%)than VS, and the level of 5% in vertical jump was statistically significant whole other factors were not.2. Motor Impact ForceIn motor impact force Fz, Fxyz, Fmax, and APT, the recorded performence were similsr, but in the amortization phase, the SPS group recorded a better result. The rates in the pre-post test of SPS and VS were 43.4% and 27.7%, 43.1% and 26.8%, 36.9% and 24.3%, 22.3% and 51% and 12.3 and 12.2 and respectively(p<0.01, p< 0.05).The differences of the improvement rate between the two groups were measured as 15.7%, 16.3%, 12.6%, 17.2% and 0.1% in favor of the SPS group, but statistically they were insignificant with the level of only 5%. (p >0.05%).3. SuggestionSince the SPS group showed a higher performance rate in the gradual plyometrics training for the period of 8 weeks, we are confident that such training method would be very effective for motor speed, power, and impact force. And we sincerely hope that the method we have explored would be adopted as frequently as the explosive jump training which have been so far perferred in training.Finally we can say with some special emphasis that our exploration can be made into an Super Quality Training program for more effective training in the items which require a high degree of speed and jumping ability such as volley ball, basketball, soccer and hurdle race.