성인 여성에서 커피 섭취와 허리둘레를 기준으로 한 비만과의 관련성 - 2012~2016 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 -

연지영,배윤정,Yeon, Jee-Young,Bae, Yun-Jung 한국식품영양학회 2019 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.32 No.1

We investigated coffee consumption in relation to the abdominal obesity as defined by waist circumference in Korean women aged 19~64 years, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2012~2016. The participants to the study were classified according to 3-in-1 coffee consumption level (none-coffee, ${\leq}1$ time/day of 3-in-1 coffee, >1 time/day of 3-in-1 coffee) by a food frequency questionnaire. The analysis was conducted by the following age groups: <50 years and $50{\leq}$ years. The 3-in-1 coffee consumption group had significantly more smokers and more alcohol consumption frequency as compared to the none-coffee group. The energy intake from the participants in the 3-in-1 coffee consumption of ${\leq}1$ time/day of 3-in-1 coffee group, and >1 time/day of 3-in-1 coffee group were 131.2 kcal/day and 123.1 kcal/day. In the 50 years or over age group, >1 time/day of 3-in-1 coffee group was at a lower risk of abdominal obesity as defined by waist circumference, compared with the non-coffee group multivariable adjustment (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.25~0.77). Our findings suggest that the 3-in-1 coffee consumption may be related to abdominal obesity as defined by waist circumference in Korean females aged 50 years or over.

여대생에서 비타민 A 섭취 현황 및 급원식품 조사

연지영(Jee Young Yeon),배윤정(Yun Jung Bae) 대한지역사회영양학회 2012 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to estimate the daily intake of vitamin A in Korean female university students. Vitamin A intake was estimated using an inconsecutive 3-day dietary intake survey from 481 young women. Vitamin A intake values were calculated based on the data in USDA database. Average age, height, and weight of the subjects were 20.05 years, 162.13 cm and 54.38 kg, respectively. The subject`s average intake of energy was 1645.67 kcal. The mean vitamin A, retinol and β carotene intakes were 908.35 ± 863.18 ug retinol equivalent/day, 199.19 ± 166.00 ug/day and 3872.59 ± 4972.17 ug/day, respectively. The 21.83% of the subjects consumed less than the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for vitamin A. And subjects consumed 141.69% of the Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) for vitamin A. Food groups consumed with high vitamin A content in our subjects included vegetables (423.96 ug RE/ day), potato and starches (213.64 ug RE/day), cereals (62.60 ug RE/day), eggs (55.17 ug RE/day) and milks (53.45 ug RE/day). The major food sources of vitamin A were sweet potato, carrot, spinach, egg, and cereal, and the top 30 foods provided 89.57% of total vitamin A. Also animal-derived food provided 9.65% of the vitamin A intake from the top 30 foods. In conclusion, judging from RNI, the vitamin A intake of the Korean female university students in this study was generally adequate. The result of our study may be used as a basis for follow-up studies of vitamin A intake like assessment of vitamin A nutritional status or evaluation of carotenoid food sources in Korean young women. (Korean J Community Nutr 17(1) : 14~25, 2012)

청소년의 간식 종류별 섭취빈도와 과체중 및 비만 위험률과의 연관성 분석 - 2007~2009 국민건강영양조사 자료를 바탕으로 -

연지영 ( Jee-young Yeon ) 한국식품영양학회 2017 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

This study was conducted to evaluate the risk of overweight and obesity in adolescents consuming snacks frequently from 2007~2009, Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The subjects (12~14 years: n=523; 15~18 years: n=614) were presented with food frequency questionnaires, and they were classified according to their gender and frequency of snack consumption. In the age group of 12~14 years, boys and girls (boys OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.52~2.39, girls OR: 12.45, 95% CI: 2.26~68.51) who consumed yogurt frequently had a higher risk of overweight and obesity at the highest quartile frequency compared with the lowest quartile after adjustments for multiple confounding factors, including age, physical activity, frequency of eating out and snack consumption, and energy intake. In the age group of 15~18 years, girls (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.34~2.99) consuming fried foods had a higher risk of overweight and obesity at the highest quartile frequency compared with the lowest quartile after adjustments for multiple confounding factors, including age, physical activity, frequency of eating out and snack consumption, and energy intake. Thus, we conclude that frequent consumption of yogurt and fried foods increases the risk of overweight and obesity in adolescents. These findings suggest that the risk of overweight and obesity is associated with the frequency of snack consumption.

대학의 음주, 자살시도, 데이트 폭력에 대한 실태 및 인식

연지영(Jee Young Yeon),안지영(Ji Young Ahn) K교육연구학회 2023 사회과학리뷰 Vol.8 No.1

본 연구는 대학생들이 인식하는 음주실태, 자살시도, 데이트 폭력 경험의 여부와 대처방법 등에 대한 인식을 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구를 위해서 충북지역 ‘가’ 대학의 1~4학년에 재학 중인 대학생을 대상으로 2020년 12월 1일부터 12월 27일까지 온라인을 통해 설문조사가 진행되었다. 연구결과로는 첫째, 음주실태와 관련하여 전체 대상자의 40.6%가 월 1회로 음주하며, 그 다음으로는 월 2 3회 음주하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 자살시도와 관련하여 전체 대상자의 18%가 연간 1회 이상 자살을 생각해 본 적이 있다고 응답하였으며, 여학생의 경우 절반이상이 우울과 불안 등의 정서가 자살을 유발하는 원인이라고 인식하고 있었다. 셋째, 데이트 폭력과 관련하여 남녀 대학생 모두 대부분 데이트 폭력에 대해서 인지하고 있으며 여학생이 남학생보다 실제 데이트 폭력의 경험이 더 많은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 얻어진 결과는 대학생의 위기 상황에 대한 체계적 지원을 마련하기 위한 기초자료로서 활용될 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to examine university students’ perception on drinking status, experience of suicide attempts, dating violence and coping with them. For this study, an online survey was conducted from December 1st to December 27th, 2020, targeting university students in the first to fourth years of ‘A’ university in the Chungbuk region. As a result of the study, first, 40.6% of the total subjects drank once a month in relation to drinking, following the result that they drank 2~3 times a month. Secondly, regarding suicide attempts, 18% of the total respondents answered that they had thought of suicide at least once a year, and in the case of female students, more than half considered emotions such as depression and anxiety to be the causes of suicide. Third, with regard to dating violence, both male and female college students were mostly aware of dating violence, and it was found that female students experienced more actual dating violence than male students. The results obtained through this study can be used as basic data to prepare systematic support for situations of crisis for university students.

성인 남녀에서 3-in-1 커피 섭취량에 따른 대사적 지표 평가

연지영(Yeon, Jee-Young),배윤정(Bae, Yun-Jung) 한국영양학회 2017 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.50 No.3

본 연구는 2012~2015년 국가 단위 대규모 데이터를 활용하여, 성인 남녀를 대상으로 연령대 (19~39세, 40~64세)로 구분 후 식생활 중 차지하는 비중이 높은 커피의 섭취종류 및 섭취량 (정량적 식품섭취빈도조사 자료 활용)에 따른 일반사항, 영양소 섭취 상태, 대사적 지표 및 대사증후군 위험률에 대해 분석하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 남성과 여성에서 모두 교육수준이 높을수록 블랙 커피를 섭취하는 비율이 높게 나타났으며, 현재 흡연자 비율은 3-in-1 커피를 1일 2잔 초과하여 섭취하는 군에서 높게 나타났다. 또한 열량 섭취량 및 영양소 섭취 밀도 분석 결과, 열량 섭취량의 경우 블랙 커피 섭취군에 비해 하루에 2회 초과 3-in-1 커피 섭취군에서 높은 결과를 보였으며, 40~64세 성인 남녀의 경우 3-in-1 커피의 섭취가 1일 2잔 초과하는 군에서 식이섬유소, 나이아신, 비타민 C, 칼슘, 인 및 칼륨과 같은 미량영양소의 섭취 밀도가 낮은 결과를 보였다. 40~64세 남성의 경우 3-in-1 커피를 1일 2잔 초과하여 마시는 경우 교란인자 보정 후 대사증후군 odds ratio가 2.03 (95% CI 1.13~3.64)으로 나타나 40~64세 남성에서 3-in-1 커피의 섭취 증가는 블랙 커피 섭취에 비해 대사증후군 위험과 관련이 있다는 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과는 성별과 특정 연령대에서 3-in-1 커피의 섭취 정도와 대사증후군 위험도와의 관련성을 제안할 수 있는 근거자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the risk of metabolic factors in adults consuming 3-in-1 coffee from the 2012~2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Methods: A total of 5,872 subjects (male = 2,253, female = 3,619) aged 19~64 yrs were presented with food frequency questionnaires, and they were classified according to coffee consumption level and types of coffee consumed (black coffee, ≤1 time/day of 3-in-1 coffee, > 1 and ≤2 times/day of 3-in-1 coffee, > 2 times/day of 3-in-1 coffee). Analysis was conducted by gender for age-stratified groups: 19~39 (male = 968 and female = 1,285) and 40~64 (male = 1,468, female = 2,151) yrs old. Results: Black coffee consumption was associated with a significantly higher education level and household income compared to 3-in-1 coffee consumption in both males and females. The > 2 times/day group had significantly more smokers compared to other patterns of coffee consumption in both males and females. In the 40~64 yrs age group, males and females in the > 2 times/day group had significantly lower density of micronutrients such as fiber, niacin, vitamin C, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium compared with black coffee consumption. In the 40~64 yrs age group, males (OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.13~3.64) in the > 2 times/day group were at a higher risk of metabolic syndrome compared with black coffee consumption after multivariable adjustment. Conclusion: We found that frequency of 3-in-1 coffee consumption may be associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome in males aged 40~64 yrs.

혐오가 유머를 만날 때 : 타인 혐오를 증폭시키는 유머와 한국 사회의 젠더갈등에 대한 함의

연지영(Jiyoung Yeon),이훈(Hoon Lee) 한국정치학회 2020 한국정치학회보 Vol.54 No.4

본 연구는 온라인상에서 젠더 혐오표현이 유머로 소비되는 현상에 대한 사회적 영향력을 고찰한다. 이에 20~30대 남녀 412명을 대상으로 젠더 혐오에 대한 온라인 실험을 진행했다. 그 결과 사람들은 자신과 다른 성별에 대한 혐오를 혐오로 지각하지 않으며 오히려 이에 대해 침묵하려는 경향성이 혐오에 유머가 더해졌을 때 더욱 강해지는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 유머가 타인에 대한 혐오감을 가벼운 농담 정도로 둔갑시켜 혐오를 확산시키고 사회적 갈등과 대립을 야기할 수 있음을 시사한다. 또한, 수용자의 성별에 따라서 유머로 포장된 혐오표현의 영향력이 다름을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 온라인상에서 타인 혐오가 농담으로 소비되는 현상에 대한 위험성을 지적하고 현재 한국사회에서 첨예하게 대립하는 젠더 갈등에 대해 논한다. This study examines the effect of humor on gender-related hatred, centering on hate-speech deemed humorous online. The results from an online experiment show that the perception of the message as aversion against opposite-gender increases the tendency to remain silent when the message is humorous. The results further imply that humor can spread intergroup conflicts and discrimination by turning a disgust toward the out-group into ‘just a joke.’ Besides, this study shows that the impact of hate speech embellished with humor differs according to the message receivers’ gender. Consequently, this study highlights the risk associated with humorization of hatred and disgust toward others that are typical online, thereby providing implications for the gender conflict that is prevalent in South Korea.

공항서비스 업무 종사자의 서비스지향성 및 업무성과에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인에 관한 연구

연지영(Yeon, Ji Young),김연성(Kim, Youn Sung) 한국서비스경영학회 2015 서비스경영학회지 Vol.16 No.3

This paper aims to examine the factors that affect service orientation and work performance of service providers who are responsible for a major part of the supply chain in airport ground handling services. In addition, a study of the differences in recognition between full-time and outsourced employees will also be carried out in order to study the cause and effect in this relationship. Based on previous research, self-efficacy, organizational culture and employees’ job satisfaction were selected as major cause variables that influence service orientation of airlines. The effect of such service orientation on the work performance of ground handling services was also reviewed through an empirical analysis of a total of 480 workers in ground handling services. The analysis showed that self-efficacy, group organizational culture, rational culture and job satisfaction had a positive impact on service orientation. Secondly, service orientation had a positive impact on work performance. Thirdly, such path relations were examined for any differences between forms of employment (full-time and outsourced employees), but none were found in terms of airport ground handling services. Above all, the significance of this study lies in the attempt to study the service orientation of providers of airport ground handling services that are at the forefront of customer service in terms of service operation and management of airlines.

부산지역 학교유형별 영양(교)사의 지식요구도, 직무만족도 및 나트륨 급원재료 사용량

연지영(Jee Young Yeon),이순규(Soon Kyu Lee),강백원(Baeg Won Kang) 대한지역사회영양학회 2014 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.19 No.2

To investigate the use frequency and amount of food sources of sodium and knowledge requirement, and job satisfaction with school food services according to the school types in Busan. Methods: A total of 98 schools were surveyed and knowledge requirement and job satisfaction were assessed using a questionnaire. In addition, the use frequency and amount of food sources of sodium for 10 school days were examined. Results: The response rate of the most difficult area among dietitians` tasks was significantly high in ‘nutrition education and counseling’ for elementary schools and ‘hygiene management’ for high schools (p < .05). The response rate of the factors to be considered in meal planning was significantly high in ‘energy and nutrients requirement’ for elementary schools and ‘menu/taste preference of students’ for middle and high schools (p < .05). The response rate of whether school food services affect health and eating habits of students or not was significant high in ‘very helpful’ for elementary schools (p < .001). The average sodium contents in the meals of elementary, middle and high schools was 1981.4 mg/meal/person/day, 1867.3 mg/meal/person/day and 1,329.9 mg/meal/person/day, respectively. For foods in highest sodium, Kimchi, Oribulgogi, and Kare rice were ranked 1st, 2nd and 3rd respectively. The main reason for not providing the fruits was ‘price’ among all groups. The knowledge requirement such as ‘nutrition and menu management’, ‘nutrition education’, and ‘nutrition counseling’ was significantly higher in elementary school compared with middle and high school (p < .001, p < .01, and p < .01 respectively). The dietitians and nutrition teachers of elementary schools have a higher job satisfaction compared with those of middle schools (p < .01). The job satisfaction was positively correlated with knowledge requirement of dietitians and nutrition teachers of elementary and middle schools. Conclusions: The results suggest that developing dietitians` education program about knowledge requirement contribute to increasing the school food service and job satisfaction in elementary and middle schools.

충북 일부지역 여자 중학생의 체형 인식도에 따른 식습관, 체형 만족도 및 영양지식에 관한 연구

연지영(Jee Young Yeon),신기용(Ki Yong Shin),이순규(Soon Kyu Lee),이혜영(Hye Young Lee),강백원(Baeg Won Kang),박혜경(Hye Kyung Park) 대한지역사회영양학회 2013 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.18 No.5

This study was performed to investigate the dietary habits, body satisfaction and nutritional knowledge according to body image of middle school girl students (n = 284). The subjects were classified as lean, normal and fat groups according to body image. The weight, body mass index (BMI) and the score of body image were significantly higher in the students who recognized their body image as ‘fat’. The satisfaction of present body image was significantly lower in students who recognized their body image as ‘lean’. The interest in weight control and experience of weight control were significantly higher in students who recognized their body image as ‘fat’. The necessity of nutrition education was higher in all groups (lean 67.2%, normal 59.0% and fat 52.8%). The products used to feel sweetened were sweetened ice (68.7%), processed milk (68.3%), confectionery (62.3%), carbonated beverage (55.3%), fermented milk (38.0%) and none (6.0%). The frequency of consumption of fruit juices and fried food was significantly higher in ‘normal’ compared to ‘fat’. There was no significant difference in the frequency of consumption of snack and nutritional knowledge among the three groups. In the multiple regression analysis, the score of body image was negatively associated with the frequency of snack consumption in the ‘lean’. The score of body image was positively associated with identification of nutrition labels and an interest in weight control but was negatively associated with satisfaction of present body image in the ‘fat``. Based on these results, we conclude that, the middle school girl students need correct recognition of body image and continuous and practical nutrition education in order to maintain healthy dietary habits. (Korean J Community Nutr 18(5) : 442~456, 2013)

성인 남녀에서 라면 섭취에 따른 대사적 지표 평가

연지영(Yeon, Jee-Young),배윤정(Bae, Yun-Jung) 한국영양학회 2016 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.49 No.4

본 연구에서 2013~2014 국민건강영양조사 중 정량적 식품섭취빈도조사로 분석된 라면의 섭취 빈도 및 섭취량에 근거하여, 성인 남녀의 라면 섭취 실태 및 라면 섭취 정도에 따른 영양소 섭취 상태, 대사적 지표를 비교하고 이들과의 관련성을 분석하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 우리 나라 성인에서 라면의 섭취 빈도는 주당 1.2회 (남성 1.4회, 여성 0.9회)였으며, 섭취량은 주당 1.2개 (남성 1.5개, 여성 0.8개)로 나타났다. 주당 1개 이상의 라면을 섭취하는 군 (라면 고섭취군)과 미만으로 섭취하는 군 (라면 저섭취군)으로 분류하여 분석시, 라면 고섭취군의 경우 라면 저섭취군에 비해 연령은 유의적으로 낮았고, 허리둘레, 혈중 중성지방, 총 콜레스테롤 및 HDL-콜레스테롤 수준이 유의적으로 높았다. 또한 영양소 섭취에서 라면 고섭취군은 라면 저섭취군에 비해 총 열량 및 지방, 나트륨 및 비타민 B2의 섭취 밀도는 유의적으로 높은 반면, 탄수화물, 인, 철, 칼륨, 비타민 A, 비타민 B1, 나이아신 및 비타민 C의 섭취 밀도는 유의적으로 낮은 결과를 보였다. 또한 전체 대상자에서 교란인자의 보정 후 라면 섭취가 가장 높은 Q4군은 라면 섭취 정도가 가장 낮은 Q1군에 비해 고혈당의 odds ratio가 1.4(95% CI: 1.1~1.8)였으며 (p for trend = 0.003), 여성에서는 라면 섭취 정도가 가장 높은 Q4군에서 Q1군에 비해 복부비만의 위험률이 60% (95% CI: 1.2~2.2) 높은 것으로 나타났다(p for trend = 0.03). 이와 같은 결과는 라면의 섭취가 상대적으로 높은 우리나라에서 라면의 질적, 양적 섭취와 대사적 위험성을 의미하는 지표와의 관련성을 제안할 수 있는 근거자료가 될 수 있으며, 향후 라면 섭취가 건강상태에 미치는 영향에 관한 영양교육시 활용할 수 있는 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between instant noodle intake and metabolic factors in Korean adults. Methods: Study subjects were 5,894 (male 2,293, female 3,601) aged 19~64 years who participated in the 2013~2014 KNHANES. Information on frequency and consumption of instant noodles was obtained by the food frequency questionnaires method in KNHANES (Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), and subjects were classified according to age, sex, and instant noodle consumption (INC). Results: The frequency and consumption of instant noodles was 1.2 times/week and 1.2 servings in subjects. High INC group (≥ 1 serving/week) was significantly younger in age compared with the low INC group (< 1 serving/week). However, the high INC group had significantly higher waist circumference, metabolic factors (triglyceride, cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol), and dietary intake (energy intake, fat, and sodium density) compared with the low INC group. Hyperglycemia showed association with higher risk of highest quartile of INC after adjustments for multiple confounding factors, including age, gender, household income, education, smoking, and alcohol compared with the lowest quartile (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.8). In female, abdominal obesity showed association with higher risk of highest quartile of INC after adjustments for multiple confounding factors compared with the lowest quartile (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2-2.2). Conclusion: Consumption of instant noodles was associated with increased prevalence of abdominal obesity and hyperglycemia in women. These findings suggest an association of instant noodle consumption status with metabolic risk.