Polymorphism of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Gene and Waist-Hip Ratio in Obese Korean Women

엄재영,김형민,Byung-Ku Kang,이시형,Jo-Young Shin,홍승헌 한국분자세포생물학회 2004 Molecules and cells Vol.18 No.3

A number of candidate genes have been in implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity in humans. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) is expressed primarily in adipocytes, and elevated levels of this cytokine have been linked to obesity and insulin resistance. Recently, the A allele of a polymorphism at position –308 in the promoter region of TNFα (G-308A) has been shown to increase transcription of the gene in adipocytes. We therefore designed this study to test whether obese and nonobese subjects differ in terms of TNFα genotype distribution. We also investigated whether the genotypes affect anthropometric parameters, such as body mass index (BMI). The study included 153 obese healthy women and 82 non-obese women. Total fat mass and percent body fat were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Genomic DNA was extracted and used for NcoI restriction fragment length polymorphismbased genotyping of TNFα. No differences were observed in allele and genotype frequencies between obese and non-obese women, and no association of TNFα polymorphism with BMI was observed for genotype in the obese women. In addition, age, percent body fat, BMI, and cholesterol levels did not vary with TNFα genotype. However, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was significantly lower in subjects with TNFα GA or AA genotypes (0.94 ± 0.07 vs. 0.92 ± 0.03, P < 0.005). These results indicate that polymorphism at position –308 of the TNFα promoter is not a significant factor for BMI, but affects WHR in obese healthy Korean women.

유기용매에 의한 EcoRI 제한효소의 특이성 변화

엄재영,박충웅,이강민,Um, Jae-Young,Park, Chung-Ung,Lee, Kag-Min 생화학분자생물학회 1994 한국생화학회지 Vol.27 No.5

DNA를 인식하여 절단하는 제한효소의 발견은 실험실에서 유전자를 연구, 조작할 수 있게되어 분자생물학 연구에 큰 발전을 가져왔다. 제한효소의 인식자리는 반응용액의 산도, 이온세기, 소수성, 유기용매, 효소의 양에 따라서 달라질 수 있다. 본 연구는 유전공학에서 가장 많이 이용되고 있으며 그의 3차 구조가 밝혀진 EcoRI 제한효소가 유기용매에 의한 특이성 변화를 연구하였다. 이 효소의 특이성은 에탄올, ethyleneglycol, DMSO와 같은 유기용매에 의하여 변화되며, 이 변화는 유기용매의 소수성(LogP)값과 밀접히 관계있다. EcoRI의 유기용매에 의한 특이성변화는 LogP값이 -2.0~0 사이에서 일어난다. Acetone, 2-methyl-propanol같은 그 효소를 쉽게 비활성화시키는 유기용매는 특이성을 변화에 영향을 주지못한다. 이러한 특이성 변화는 무질서하게 일어나지 않고 순서적으로 일어난다. 10% DMSO에서 EcoRI을 이용하여 pGEM3를 절단할 때 다음 절단자리는 TAATTC, GAGTTC순서로 절단된다. 이와 같은 제한효소의 반응조건을 바꾸면 고유의 절단자리가 아닌 다른자리를 절단할 수 있으며 이러한 기술은 유전공학에 이용될 수 있다. In molecular biology, type-II restriction endonuclease. which specifically cleave DNA at a limited number of sites, have been exploited as a means of characterizing DNA fragments, DNA mapping and of modifying DNA for genetic engineering. Recently, many type-II restriction endonucleases have been found to decrease their substrate specificity under modified conditions such as extreme pH, low ionic strength, high enzyme concentration, substitution of metallic cofactors, or addition of organic solvents. This study used restriction endonuclease EcoRI which are used most frequently in genetic engineering. We investigated their specificity change in buffer condition including various organic solvents. The specificity of cleavage of EcoRI is altered in the presence of hydrophobic reagents, such as ethanol, ethyleneglycol and DMSO. The enzyme recognition site was not changed randomly but by preferential order by increasing the concentration of organic solvent. When EcoRI reacted with substrate pGEM3 vector which have one canonical recognition site (GAATTC), EcoRI cleaved noncanonical TAATTC and GAGTTC subsequently in more than 10% DMSO solution. These changes of specificities depended on the hydrophobicity of organic solvent (LogP: partition coefficient). As a results, the recognition sequence site was changed in the presence of organic solvents whose LogP are -2.0~0. The specificities were not easily changed in enzyme inactivating organic solvent such as acetone, 2-methyl-2-propanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol. These results might show that restriction enzyme could be used to cleave at unusual site by changing the reaction condition.

유기용매에 의한 EcoRI 제한효소의 특이성 변화

엄재영,박충웅,이강민 全北大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學 Vol.17 No.-

DNA를 인식하여 절단하는 제한효소의 발견은 실험실에서 유전자를 연구, 조작할 수 있게되어 분자 생물학 연구에 큰 발전을 가져왔다. 제한효소의 인식자리는 반응용액의 산도, 이온세기, 소수성, 유기용매, 효소의 양에 따라서 달라질 수 있다. 본 연구는 유전공학에서 가장 많이 이용되고 있으며 그의 3차 구조가 밝혀진 EcoRI 제한효소가 유기용매에 의한 특이성 변화를 연구하였다. 이 효소의 특이성은 에탄올, ethyleneglycol, DMSO와 같은 유기용매에 의하여 변화되며, 이 변화는 유기용매의 소수성(LogP)값과 밀접히 관계있다. EcoRI의 용기용매에 의한 특이성변화는 LogP값이 -2.0∼0 사이에서 일어난다. Acetone, 2-methy-propanol같은 그 효소를 쉽게 비활성화시키는 유기용매는 특이성을 변화에 영향을 주지 못한다. 이러한 특이성변화는 무질서하게 일어나지 않고 순서적으로 일어난다. 10% DMSO에 서 EcoRI을 이용하여 pGEM3를 절단할 때 다음 절단자리는 TAATTC, GAGTTC순서로 절단된다. 이와 같은 제한효소의 반응조건을 바꾸면 고유의 절단자리가 아닌 다른자리를 절단할 수 있으며 이러한 기술은 유전공학에 이용될 수 있다. In molecular biology, type-II restriction endonuclease, which specifically cleave DNA at a limited number of sites, have been exploited as a means of characterizing DNA fragments. DNA mapping and of modifying DNA for genetic engineering. Recently, many type-II restriction endonucleases have been found to decrease their substrate specificity under modified conditions such as extreme pH, low ionic strength, high enzyme concentration, substitution of metallic cofactors, or addition of organic solvents. This study used restriction endonuclease EcoRI which are used most frequently in genetic engineering. We investigated their specificity change in buffer condition including various organic solvents. The specificity of cleavage of EcoRI is altered in the presence of hydrophobic reagents, such as ethanol, ethyleneglycol and DMSO. The enzyme recognition site was not changed randomly but by preferential order by increasing the concentration of organic solvent. When EcoRI reacted with substrate pGEM3 vector which have on canonical recognition site (GAATTC). EcoRI cleaved noncanonical TAATTC and GAGTTC subsequently in more than 10% DMSO solution. These changes of specificities depended on the hydrophobicity of organic solvent (LogP : partition coefficient). As a results, the recognition sequence site was changed in the presence of organic solvents whose LogP are -2.0∼0. The specificities were not easily changed in enzyme inactivating organic solvent such as acetone, 2-methyl-2-propanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol. These results might show that restriction enzyme could be used to cleave at unusual site by changing the reaction condition

유기용매에 의한 EcoRI 제한효소의 특이성 변화

엄재영,박충웅,이강민 ( Jaeyoung Um,Chungung Park,Kagmin Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1994 BMB Reports Vol.27 No.5

In molecular biology, type-II restriction endonuclease, which specifically cleave DNA at a limited number of sites, have been exploited as a means of characterizing DNA fragments, DNA mapping and of modifying DNA for genetic engineering. Recently, many type-II restriction endonucleases have been found to decrease their substrate specificity under modified conditions such as extreme pH, low ionic strength, high enzyme concentration, subsfitution of metallic cofactors, or addition of organic solvents. This study used restriction endonuclease EcoRI which are used most frequently in genetic engineering. We investigated their specificity change in buffer condition including various organic solvents. The specificity of cleavage of EcoRl is altered in the presence of hydrophobic reagents, such as ethanol, ethyleneglycol and DMSO. The enzyme recognition site was not changed randomly but by preferential order by increasing the concentration of organic solvent. When EcoRl reacted with substrate pGEM3 vector which have one canonical recognition site (GAATTC), EcoRl cleaved noncanonical TAATTC and GAGTTC subsequently in more than 10% DMSO solution. These changes of specificities depended on the hydrophobicity of organic solvent (Loge : partition coefficient). As a results, the recognition sequence site was changed in the presence of organic solvents whose Loge are -2.0∼0. The specificities were not easily changed in enzyme inactivating organic solvent such as acetone, 2-methyl-2-propanol, 2-methyl-l-propanol. These results might show that restriction enzyme could be used to cleave at unusual site by changing the reaction condition.

Allele - specific hybridization of tandem repeats

엄재영,정연보 한국유전학회 1995 Genes & Genomics Vol.17 No.4

The human genome contains a large number of tandemly repeated sequences occurring sporadically throughout the genome. The number of repetition as well as the size of the repeat sequence vary widely presumably because the tandem repeats do not encode anything. These hypervariable genetic loci due to the variable tandem repeats show high heterozygosity and frequently two distinct bands are observed upon gel electrophoresis when an indivisual's genomic DNA is examined after PCR. We noticed that the alleles of the tandem repeats segregate from each other even though the two alleles are almost identical in sequence through the denaturation and renaturation cycles of PCR. Taking advantage of such segregation, the alleles of tandem repeats could be easily identified without resorting to gel electrophoresis but by reverse dot-blotting in which the standard DNAs of each allele are fixed on the membrane and the amplified sample is applied for the selective hybridization. [Supported by a grant from the Inje Foundation]

Apixaban Use in an Atrial Fibrillation Patient with Double Mechanical Heart Valves

엄재영,권창희 대한내과학회 2021 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2021 No.1

태권도 태극품새와 가라테 카타 평안의 기술체계 분석

엄재영(Um, Jae-Young),이재봉(Lee, Jae-Bong) 세계태권도문화학회 2016 세계태권도문화학회지 Vol.- No.13

This thesis is to compare Taekwondo s Teageuk Poomsae and Karate Kata Pingan to analyse relation between these two in order to show what are the similarities and differences. Therefore, new Poomsae can be designed to fulfill the needs of new era. Thesis uses purposeful sampling and gathers 3 Karate experts who holds more than 5th degree black belt in Taekwondo. They were to discuss between TaeKondo and Karate with more than five times, and brought up their opinions on both martial art. Also research on the thesis is based on not only new theory but also old Korean martial writing materials. The results are as below. First, Taegeuk Poomsae is form to fulfill the needs of Minster of Education to be used and a physical education program in middle and high school. However, it is also to be used as training program in Taekwondo Do-Jang to teach beginners and trainees. Kata Pingan is also created by Itos Yasutsune with same purpose in order to follow Japan s national P.E. program planning. In 1905, Okinawa 1st Middle School and Okinawa school of education made Karate as official program. Because of this, Pinan do excluded lethal technique such as attacks a vital point or turning over joints. Even though, Taegeuk and Pinan was made with similar purpose there is no evidence that one is used the other in its forming. Second, system of Taeguek and Pinan is similar. However, its technique is very different. Taeguek includes Dollyeochgi, pyojeokchagi, ieochagi Ttwieochagi, Dubaldangseongchagi and etc... Kata Pinan does not have above high level kick technique. Taekwondo has Bakkanmakgi, Dollyeochgi, and Apseogi which Karate Kata doesn t have. It means that Taekwondo and Karate have close system but not the techniques according to the research of this thesis. Third, kicking technique of Taekwondo has been traditional Korean style ever since Chosun period as it written in the book Haedongjukji and Taekwondo in modern history and the new controversy. Pinan has low kick and body kick. However, there is no head kick or any other high kicks in the Kata according to study of this thesis. Forth, Taekwondo took some of Karate Kata s system and structure. and rules. However, after Japanese colonial era, Taekwondo re-organized as Korean martial art and developed rapidly. Fifth, in 1960 s Taekwondo has better practical technique and it is proved by its competition style. Karate used Sundome. This means that an attacker stops his or her striking before the target. Taekwondo, on the other hand, made a rule of full powered real striking to targets and show its unique style of fighting to the world. Taekwondo is so powerful that people had to wear bamboo protecting gear and now Electronic protecting gear is developed. Later this became Hogu and electronic Hogu. Lastly, with the study of color belt level Poomsae, study on black belt Poomsae can be more expected next. To improve Poomsae in Taekwondo, new and better Poomsae must be made soon. The new Poomsae must include higher level kicking techniques to characterize Taekwondo s style stronger. Also there is no Pommsae-Pulee for Taegeuk, therefore, there should be more study on the matter.

국내 가정간호 방문차량과 방문가방 관리 현황 분석

최정선,김성남,엄재영,육인순,김성희,김미란,박애숙 한국가정간호학회 2022 가정간호학회지 Vol.29 No.3

Purpose: This descriptive study examined the management status of the home health care visiting vehicles and the nurse bags, by the home health care center of hospitals (at the hospital level or higher) in Korea, and identified the relevant factors. Methods: Of 120 managers or home health care nurses from medical institutions at hospital level or higher that provide home nursing, 93 individuals participated in the study in July 2021. Results: Hospitals that followed standard guidelines were more likely to perform internal disinfection of home health care visiting vehicles, and distinguished between clean and contaminated areas inside the visiting vehicles. Further, hospitals that followed standard guidelines were more likely to use more barrier surfaces to protect the surfaces of nurse bags to prevent infection. In addition, hospitals supporting the washing cost of the interior of home health care visiting vehicles were more likely to conduct the washing, and hospitals supporting nurse bags were more likely to use barrier surfaces to protect the bags' surfaces. Conclusion: This study only investigated home health care centers at hospital level or higher. Therefore, to generalize the results of the study, it is necessary to conduct a qualitative study involving additional investigation of home health care visiting vehicles and nurse bags and interviews with nurses from all domestic home health care centers. .

사람별아교세포주에서의 단백분해효소 활성 수용체-2를 매개한 TNF-α 의 분비

김미선,백옥선,엄재영,이진무,윤기중,김형민,이영미,김진아,강옥화 대한병리학회 2003 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.37 No.3

Background : Proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is cleaved, and it is activated by trypsin or mast cell tryptase. PAR2 plays an important role in inflammation. The aim of this study is to examine the potential of PAR2 agonists to modulate TNF-α secretion from the human astrocytoma cell line CCF-STTG1. Methods : PAR2 expression in CCF-STTG1 was examined using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry. The potential of PAR2 agonists to modulate TNF-α secretion from CCF-STTG1 was examined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assays. Results : CCF-STTG1 expresses PAR2. PAR2 agonists such as trypsin, mast cell tryptase, and activating peptide SLIGKV-NH2 (corresponding to the PAR2 tethered ligand) directly signal CCF-STTG1 to induce the secretion of TNF-α , but not in the case of the soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI) or VKGILS-NH2 (control peptide). Furthermore, the secretion of TNF-α was significantly reduced in CCF-STTG1 cells pre-treated with either 50 μM PD98059 (mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor) or 1 μM SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor) 30 min before trypsin stimulation. Conclusions : These results show that trypsin may induce TNF- secretion through the activation of MEK and p38 MAPK via PAR2 in astrocytoma cell line CCF-STTG1.

수풍순기환 분할처방 투여가 고지방, 고탄수화물 식이로 유발된 비만형 제2형 당뇨병 동물모델에 미치는 영향

박은영,안세영,안영민,엄재영,장형진,이병철,Park, Eun-Young,Ahn, Se-Young,Ahn, Young-Min,Um, Jae-Young,Jang, Hyeung-Jin,Lee, Byung-Cheol 대한한방내과학회 2011 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

Objectives : Recently a lot of research is being done for find antidiabetic medicine which has no side effects. This study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic and antiobesity effects of Supungsunki-hwan partitioned prescriptions on obese type 2 diabetes mouse. Methods : Type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity were induced by Surwit's high fat, high sucrose diet for 8 weeks. Mice were divided into 3 groups of ND (normal diet, n=10) HFD (high fat and high sucrose diet, n=10) and SPP (high fat and high sucrose diet with Supungsunki-hwan partitioned prescriptions, n=10) groups. Body weights were measured every week. After 7 weeks, fasting blood sugar and oral glucose tolerance tests were conducted. After 8 weeks, blood samples of all mice were taken from their heart and analyzed biochemically. At the same time, epididymal fat pad and liver weights were measured. Histological size of white adipocyte were measured as well. Results : Compared with a HFD group, body weight, fructosamine, epididymal fat pad weight and white adipocyte size decreased. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased in the SPP group. Conclusions : These results suggest that SPP has antidiabetic and antiobesity effects in high fat, high sucrose diet induced obese mice.