Blue Phosphorescent Iridium Complexes with Fluorine-free Main Ligands for Efficient Organic Light-emitting Diodes

신화용,정성진,김성현,홍종인 대한화학회 2017 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.38 No.8

Two heteroleptic iridium(III) complexes with fluorine-free pyridylpyrimidine main ligands were designed and synthesized for use as blue phosphorescent emitters in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Complexes 1 and 2 have a molecular formula of Ir(C∧N)2(L∧X), where C∧N = 2-tert-butyl-5-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidine (b5ppmH) is the main ligand and L∧X = picolinic acid (pic) and 2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)pyridine (ptz) are ancillary ligands. The thermal, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of these complexes were investigated. Even without electron-withdrawing fluorine substituents, the complexes emitted blue light at 463 and 455 nm with moderate quantum efficiencies (ΦPL = 0.54 and 0.43), respectively. Furthermore, the replacement of the pyridine ring with a pyrimidine ring allowed blue emission without fluorine substituents. An organic light-emitting device fabricated using complex 2 as a dopant and 1,3-bis(N-carbazolyl)benzene (mCP) as a host exhibited a maximum external quantum efficiency of 11.5% and color coordinates of (0.17, 0.26) at 100 cd/m2.

Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia Leading to Acute Respiratory Failure in a Current Systemic Corticosteroid User

신화용,최주원,권민석,장주영,정재우,최재철,신종욱,박인원,최병휘,김재열 대한천식알레르기학회 2013 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.5 No.4

A 69-year-old female patient visited the emergency room with fever (38.3℃) and dyspnea. She had been taking prednisolone (5 mg once per day) and methotrexate (2.5 mg once per week) for rheumatoid arthritis for 2 years. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral, multifocal ground glass opacity with interlobular septal thickening. Peripheral blood leukocyte count was 6,520/mm3 (neutrophils, 77.4%; eosinophils, 12.1%). During the night, mechanical ventilation was initiated due to the development of severe hypoxemia. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed a high proportion of eosinophils (49%). Her symptoms improved dramatically after commencement of intravenous methylprednisolone therapy. This is the first report of idiopathic acute eosinophilic pneumonia developing in a current user of systemic corticosteroids.

Perceived Threat as a Motivator of Policy Voting: Analysis of the 2012 US Presidential Election

신화용 서울대학교 미국학연구소 2015 미국학 Vol.38 No.1

This paper discusses the role of perceived threat in strengthening the linkbetween policy preferences and vote decisions in the context of the USpresidential election. While it is commonly believed that policy voting isweakly related with emotion, it is found that higher perceived threat leadsindividuals to more clearly reflect their policy stance on vote choices. Analysis of the 2012 ANES data reveals that perceived threat, rather thanovershadowing policy consideration, makes individuals more attentive torelevant policy, such as defense spending, in making vote decisions. Moreover, influence of perceived threat on policy preferences is especiallyprominent among the people with higher political knowledge who arecommonly expected to be dispassionate in making political judgment. Through these findings this paper highlights the potential of perceived threatas a trigger of policy voting that undergirds reasoned vote decisions;therefore, such decisions make vote choices to achieve better electoralaccountability.

노모를 부양하는 재미교포 자녀와 노모간의 상호지원교환, 지원교환에 대한 평가가 관계의 질에 미치는 영향

신화용 한국가족관계학회 2004 한국가족관계학회지 Vol.9 No.3

This research examined the intergenerational support exchanges between aged mothers(in-law) and caregiving daughters(in-law), and their influences on the relationship quality of mothers(in-law) and daughters(in-law). The data for the study were collected from 158 pairs of caregiving daughters(in-law) and mothers(in-law) living in 4 major cities in the U. S. A. The amount of support that mothers(in-law) provided to their daughters(in-law) was smaller than that mothers(in-law) received from their daughters(in-law). With respect to the evaluation of support exchanges, daughters(in-law) perceived that mothers(in-law) are more benefitted from their exchanges, while mothers(in-law) perceived their exchanges as fair and equivalent. Mothers(in-law) experienced a higher relationship quality when they received more support from their children and when they provided more support to their children. For children, relationship quality was affected by their family position(daughter vs. daughter-in-law), provision of support to their parents, and mothers' perceptions of receiving support.

Identifying the riparian type affecting habitat selection of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) (Carnivora: Mustelidae) in Daecheong Dam reservoir area

신화용,신지훈,Hyeong-hoo Kim,Das-san Kim,한성용,노백호,이준우 국립중앙과학관 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.13 No.2

This study was conducted to identify the habitat selection by the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) dependingon the type of waterfront in the Geumgang River region near the Daecheong Dam. As a result of thehabitat suitability analysis, the suitable region (very suitable and suitable) was found to be 48.8%, accountingfor 217.9km of the total of 446.3 km, and 17.2% or 76.5km of the total region was found to beunsuitable (unsuitable and very unsuitable). As a result of analyzing the types of waterfront area, it wasfound in the order of wetland> forest> grassland> bare land and the number of traces of otters perkilometer of each type of the waterfront areas was found to be rockface (36.0), bare land (0.92)> forest(0.8), grassland (0.76)>, and wetland (0.75). The result shows a relatively high number of otter traces forrockface compared with other waterfront types, though the composition ratio of rockface takes only asmall part of the overall waterfront areas. It is because rockfaces are safer from man-made disturbance,while providing homes and shelters, as well as locating nearby open water which has abundant amountof food resources, compared with other types of waterfront.

편모가족 연구의 현황과 과제

신화용 덕성여자대학교 사회과학연구소 1995 사회과학연구 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to summarize the current research findings, point out limitations and problems, and give suggestions for future works in the area of mother-only-families. Papers, dissertations, books and proceedings published between 1980 and 1995 are included for the review. The paper begins with perspective change on mother-only-families together with methodological issues. Then, information on living state and characteristics of mother-only-families are presented as well as economic, emotional, and child-rearing problems in mother-only-families. Finally, suggestions for future works and policy implications are delivered.

한국보건의료연구원의 보고서에 대한 반박을 기반으로 한 척추 질환에서 경막외 스테로이드 주사의 근거 고찰

신화용,강현 대한마취통증의학회 2014 Anesthesia and pain medicine Vol.9 No.1

Epidural steroid injection (ESI) may be the most widely usedinterventional procedure in the management of low back pain (LBP). Its use has been supported by more than 45 placebo-controlledstudies and dozens of systematic reviews. However the report PainReduction Efficacy of Injection Therapy in Chronic LBP by theNational Evidence-Based Collaborating Agency (NECA) in 2010 isseen to have mis-concluded that ESI is not effective in themanagement of chronic LBP. The NECA report contains variousdescriptive and statistical errors. In this review, we have attemptedto correct the errors in the NECA report. We also inform the rationaleand evidence of ESI by the review of recent meta-analysis and workto inspire a proper use of ESI in the Republic of Korea.

편모가 인지한 자원과 편모의 심리적 적응

신화용,조병은 한국가족학회 1996 家族學 論集 Vol.8 No.-

남편의 은퇴와 부부관계의 변화에 대한 탐색적 고찰 : 부인과 남편의 지각 비교

신화용 덕성여자대학교 사회과학연구소 1996 사회과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to examine marital changes of 178 couples whose husbands have retired. The results indicate both continuity and change in marital relationships. While continuity exists in decision making pattern and marital satisfaction, changes occur in emotional dependency and household division. Also, the degree of perceived change of the husbands differ from that of wives in the area of emotional dependency and marital satisfactions. However, no differences are found between wives and husbands in the degree of changes in household division and decision making pattern. Along with discussions, suggestions for future study are provided.

새만금호 일대 수달의 서식적합성 평가 및 공간변수와의 상관성 분석

신화용,신지훈,한성용,노백호,이준우,Shin, Hwa-Yong,Shin, Gee-Hoon,Han, Sung-Yong,Rho, Paikho,Lee, Joon-Woo 한국환경영향평가학회 2020 환경영향평가 Vol.29 No.4

본 연구는 새만금호 일대 수달의 서식지적합도 분석과 공간변수(수역, 습지, 농경지, 시가지, 도로 등)와의 상관성이 수달 서식에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 이루어졌다. 서식지적합성 분석결과, 전체 1097개 격자 중 1등급과 2등급이 380개 격자로 전체 34.6%로 확인되었고 4등급과 5등급이 413개 격자로 전체 37.7%로 비교적 낮은 것으로 확인되었다. 새만금 일대의 공간변수 별 수달 서식흔적과의 거리를 비교분석한 결과, 도로와 시가지는 거리가 멀수록 수달의 흔적이 확인되는 것으로 확인되었고 수역과의 거리는 가까울수록 흔적이 확인되었다. 새만금호 내부 공사로 인한 영향은 있으나 수역과 도로의 이격거리를 보면 시가지와 도로에서 이격거리가 근접한 지역과 가장 먼 지역과의 흔적차이가 2배에서 6배 이상 나타나는 것으로 확인되었다. 이는 수달의 서식지 복원시 위협요인으로 작용하는 도로와 시가지는 최소한 500(m) 이상 이격거리가 필요하다고 판단된다. This study was conducted to examine the impact of the correlation between habitat suitability of the Saemangeum lake area for otters and spatial variables (watersides, wetlands, farmlands, urban areas, roads, etc.) on the inhabitation of otters. As a result of the habitat suitability analysis, it was found that 380grids of 1097 grids (34.6%) studied are most suitable and suitable, whereas 413 grids of 1097 grids (37.7%) of the total are marginal and unsuitable. Comparatively analyzing otter traces data against for each spatial variable in the Saemangeum area revealed that the distance to the road or man-made areas is directly proportional to the number of otter traces, while more traces of otters were found areas close to waters. Despite the impact from the internal construction of Saemangeum lake, there found 2 to 6 times more otter traces in the area farthest from the urban areas and roads compared to the area nearest to the urban areas and roads. Thus, when restoring habitats for otters, a minimum of 500(m) distance to roads or urban areas, which can be considered as a threat to the habitats, must be secured.