독거 여자노인의 식품공급프로그램 실시 후 음식섭취빈도, 식태도 및 영양위험정도 변화

손숙미 ( Sook Mee Son ),박진경 ( Jin Kyung Park ) 대한영양사협회 2005 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.11 No.3

충분한 단백질과 최소한의 단백질을 공급받은 쥐의 성장과 무기질 분포에 있어서 zinc와 VitaminB-6간의 상호관계

손숙미(Sook-Mee Son) 가톨릭대학교 생활과학연구소 1988 생활과학연구논집 Vol.8 No.1

Young male rats were fed 7.5% and 5% protein provided by dried egg white solids supplemented with zinc (0.50, or 100ppm) and/ or Vitamin B-6(1,5 or 100ppm) for four weeks. All animals receiving the non-zinc supplemented diets exhibited poor growth, while 50ppm of zinc supplement resulted in marked improvement in weight gain. Increases in weight gains associated with adquate protein (15%) occurred only when the diet contained at least 50ppm of zinc, while increases in growth associated with vitamin B-6 supplements occurred only when the protein was marginal (7.5%). Increase in dietary zinc were associated with decreases in liver zinc deposition. Increases in dietary vitamin B-6 resulted in increased liver copper and zinc levels, but had no apparent effect on liver iron deposition. The results suggest a zinc-vitamin B-6 interaction which has an influence on the apparent utilization dietary protein and on copper and zinc status in young rats.

시중에서 유통되고 있는 일부 국산 고추가루와 수입산 고추가루의 영양성분 및 맛성분에 관한 비교연구

손숙미(Son Sook-Mee),이중희(Lee Jung-Hee),오명숙(Oh Myung-Suk) 韓國營養學會 1995 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.28 No.1

農村과 都市低所得層 老人의 營養攝取實態에 關한 硏究

孫淑美(Sook Mee Son),牟壽美(Sumi Mo) 韓國營養學會 1979 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.12 No.4

부천시 노인들의 영양상태 및 이에 영향을 미치는 인자에 관한 연구 - Ⅰ. 체격지수 및 생화학적 영양상태

손숙미(Sook-Mee Son),이윤나(Yoon-Na Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 1999 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.28 No.6

본 연구는 부천시에 거주하는 60세 이상 노인 310명 (남자 : 130, 여자 : 180)을 대상으로 신장, 체중, 혈압과 생화학적 지표를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 대상자의 연령별 분포는 남자노인의 경우 60~69세가 17명, 70~79세가 78명, 80세 이상이 35명이었으며 여자의 경우 60~69세가 33명, 70~79세가 98명 80세 이상이 49명이었다. 남자노인의 평균키는 163.2㎝, 여자노인은 148.5㎝로서 남자노인은 연령에 따른 키의 변화가 없었으나 여자노인의 경우 80세 이상 노인의 키는 146.1㎝로서 60~69세 노인에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 본연구에서는 80세 이상 여자 노인의 키는 2.0% 감소한데 비해 몸무게 감소폭은 9.8%로 나타나 몸무게 감소폭이 더 컸다. BMI에 따른 분류를 살펴보았을 때 남자노인의 경우 BMI 27 이상인 경도비만이 7.7%였으나 여자노인의 경우 23.4%로 높았다. BMI 20미만으로 허약으로 분류된 경우가 남자노인의 경우 14.6%, 여자노인의 10.6%로 남자노인은 비만보다 허약으로 분류된 사람이 많았다. 수축기 혈압이 160㎜Hg 이상으로 고혈압으로 분류된 노인이 남자 8.0%, 여자 10.5%였으며 이완기 혈압이 95㎜Hg 이상인 고혈압 노인이 남녀 각각 9.4%, 23.9%였다. Hb를 기준으로 할 때 남자노인의 10.7%, 여자노인의 11.7%가 빈혈이었으며 혈청알부민치와 혈청단백질, 뇨중 질소 : 크레아티닌의 비로 판정했을 때 단백질 결핍노인은 거의 발견되지 않았다. 혈청콜레스테롤 240㎎/dl 이상으로서 고콜레스테롤 혈중을 보인 남자노인이 25.0%였으며 여자노인의 경우 35.2%가 고콜레스테롤혈증을 나타냈다. 공복시 혈당이 140㎎/dl 이상으로 당뇨로 판정된 노인이 남자의 경우 23.7%, 여자의 경우 23.2%로 높았다. This study was conducted to assess the biochemical nutritional status of 310 elderly(males:130, females:180) residing in Puchon City. Subjects were apparently healthy, home staying and aged over 60. Average height of males and females were 163.2㎝ and 148.5㎝, respectively. Female aged over 80 showed 148.5㎝, which was significantly lower than that of group aged 60~69. The rate of moderate obesity for males assessed with BMI(≥27) was 7.7%, and 23.4% for females. The hypertension rate assessed by SBP(≥160mmHg) was 8.0% and 10.5% for males and females, respectively. The proportion of hypertension with indice of DBP(≥95mmHg) was 9.4% and 23.4%. The lower concentration of lib (males: <13g/dl, females: <12g/dI) occurred in 10.7% for males and 11.7% for females. No one except a few was found with protein deficiency assessed with serum albumin, serum protein and the ratio of urinary nitrogen to creatinin. Twenty five percent of males and 35.2% of females belonged to hypercholesterolemia(≥240㎎/dI). The proportion of elderly whose fasting blood sugar was higher than 140㎎/dl was 23.7% and 23.2%.

24시간 소변분석과 음식섭취빈도지를 사용한 우리나라 성인들의 나트륨 섭취량과 지역별, 음식군별 나트륨 섭취량의 비교

손숙미(Sook Mee Son),박영숙(Young Sook Park),임화재(Hwa Jae Lim),김숙배(Sook Bae Kim),정연선(Yeon Seon Jeong) 대한지역사회영양학회 2007 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.12 No.5

This study was performed to assess the sodium intakes of Korean adults using a 24-hr urine analysis and dish frequency questionnaire (DFQ) according to each dish group and the regional area. The subjects of this study were comprised of 552 adults (male: 267, female: 285), aged 20-59yr residing in the metropolitan area (N = 200), Chungcheng-Do (N = 117), Jeolla-Do (N = 117), and Gueongsang-Do provinces (N = 118). The subjects were recruited from the residents who once participated or are participating in the various health programs offered by the public health center. The number of subjects who completed the 24-hr urine collection was 205 (male : 110, female : 95).The mean age and BMI of the subjects were 39.0 ± 11.7 y and 23.1 ± 2.9 kg/m2, respectively. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 119.5 ± 15.4 mmHg, and 77.1 ± 11.1 mmHg, respectively. Eighteen percent of the subjects responded that they are currently smoking, 36% drinking and 50.4% exercising. Twenty point six percent of the subjects were assessed as having hypertension according to their systolic or diastolic blood pressure(SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg) measurements in the present study. Salt intake of the subject estimated with 24-hr sodium excretion was 12.7 g/d (male : 13.4 g/d, female : 12.1 g/d) based on the sodium excretion rate as 82%. Salt intake estimated with DFQ was 14.7 g/d (male : 16.2 g/d, female : 13.4 g/d), 2 g more than the salt intake estimated with 24-hr urine analysis. The four dish groups that contributed most to the sodium intake in order were kimchi (I1571.4mg), soup and stew (1260.5 mg), fish and shellfish (706.3 mg) and noodle and ramyeon (644.3mg). Salt intake estimated with DFQ was the highest in the subjects of Gueongsang-Do (17.0 g/d), second highest Chungcheong-Do (16.4 g/d) and the lowest in the metropolitan area (13.0 g/d). Subjects of Gueongsang-Do showed the highest sodium intakes in most of the dish group, whereas subjects of the metropolitan area showed the lowest. Residents of Chuncheong-Do revealed the highest sodium intake with kimchi and ofJeolla-Do the higher sodium intake with the main dish (meat, fish and beans). The highest salt percentage of kimchi (3.0 ± 0.8%) and soybean paste (14.5 ± 5.1%) were observed in Gueongsang-Do, whereas individuals of the metropolitan area were observed as having kimchi (1.6 ± 0.5%) and soybean paste (7.4 ± 1.6%) with the lowest salt percentage. Men were observed as having more salty kimchi (2.4 ± 0.1%) than women (2.1 ± 0.1%). (Korean J Community Nutrition 12(5) : 545~558, 2007)

도시거주 저소득층 노인들의 골지표 및 영양소섭취와 골밀도와의 상관관계에 관한 연구

손숙미(Sook Mee Son),전예나(Ye Na Chun) 한국식품영양과학회 2004 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구는 부천시에 거주하는 외견상 건강하면서 65세 이상 노인 138명(남: 38명, 여: 100명)을 대상으로 하여 골밀도와 관련된 각 요인을 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 여자 노인은 남자 노인에 비해 칼슘, 비타민 C를 제외한 모든 영양소의 섭취량이 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.001~p<0.05). 남녀 모두 칼슘과 비타민 D 섭취량은 각각 331.0 ㎎, 1.89 ㎍과 308.6 ㎎, 1.21 ㎍으로서 RDA의 50% 미만이었다. 남자 노인의 경우 요추골밀도, 대퇴부 골밀도는 에너지 섭취량(p<0.05), 칼슘 섭취량(p<0.05), 비타민 D 섭취량(p<0.05)과 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 여자 노인의 경우 요추골밀도, 대퇴부골밀도는 에너지, 당질, 단백질, 지방, 칼슘, 비타민 D 섭취량 모두와 양의 상관관계를 보였다(p<0.01~p<0.05). 여자 노인의 혈청 osteocalcin과 소변의 DPYR/CR값이 남자에 비해 유의하게 높아(각 p<0.01, p<0.001) 남자 노인에 비해 골 교체율과 골 흡수가 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 25(OH)VitD3가 10 ng/mL미만으로서 비타민 D 결핍을 보인 노인이 남자 23.7%, 여자 35.0%였다. 혈청 25(OH)VitD3는 척추, 대퇴전자부 골밀도와 유의한 정의 상관관계(p<0.05)를 보였으나 혈청 alkaline phosphatase, 소변의 DPYR/CR, 소변의 P/CR의 비는 대부분의 부위에서 골밀도와 음의 상관관계를 보였다 (p<0.001~p<0.05). 다단계 다중회귀분석을 실시한 결과 요추골밀도는 활동량, 혈청 ALP, 체중, 비타민 D 섭취량에 의해 골밀도 변이의 47.6%를 설명할 수 있었으며 그 중에서도 비타민 D 섭취량(p<0.001), 체중(p<0.001), 활동량(p<0.05)이 감소할수록 골밀도는 감소했고 혈청 ALP는 증가할수록 골밀도는 감소하였다(p<0.01). 대퇴전자부 골밀도는 연령, 혈청 ALP, 체중에 의해 골밀도 변이의 45.9%를 설명할 수 있었고 나이가 많을수록(p<0.01), 혈청 ALP가 높을수록(p<0.01), 체중이 적을수록(p<0.001) 골밀도가 낮았다. This study explored the association between the bone nutrition indicators and the bone mineral density(BMD) in 138 apparently healthy elderly (male: 38, female: 100) dwelling in a low income area of the city. Dietary intakes were estimated from two meals (breakfast & dinner) and snack using 24 hr-recall method and lunch with weighing over 3 consecutive days. Female elderly showed significant lower intakes (p<0.001~p<0.05) for most of the nutrients except calcium and vitamin C than the elderly male. Calcium and vitamin D intakes for both male and female were 331.0 ㎎, 1.89 ㎍ and 308.6 ㎎, 1.21 μg, respectively and they were below the 50% of the RDA. Both the BMDs at lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) were positively correlated with the energy intake, calcium intake and vitamin D intake (p<0.05, respectively) for male. In female BMDs of the both sites were positively correlated with the intakes of carbohydrates, protein, lipid, calcium and vitamin D (p<0.01~p<0.05). Female showed higher serum osteocalcin (p<0.01) and urinary deoxypyridinoline/creatinine (DPYR/CR) (p<0.001), meaning that female had elevated rate in bone turn over and bone resorption. The proportion of subjects with vitamin D deficiency assessed with serum 25(OH)VitD3<10 ng/mL was 35.0% for female and 23.7% for male, respectively. Both the BMDs at lumbar spine and trochanter were positively correlated with serum 25(OH)VitD3 but BMDs in most of the sites were negatively associated with urinary DPYR/CR, phosphate/CR. Stepwise multiple regression showed physical activity, serum alkaline phosphatase, weight, vitamin D explained 47.6% of the variation of the LS BMD. The indicator variable for serum alkaline phosphatase was negatively associated with LS BMD. However, the indicator variable for weight and vitamin D intake were positive and significant (p=0.0087, p=0.0007, respectively). For FN BMD, the indicator variable for age and serum alkaline phosphatase were negative and significant (p<0.0075, p<0.0015, respectively) and the weight was positively associated with the FN BMD.

도시에 거주하는 중년 여성들의 골밀도와 이에 영향을 미치는 인자들에 관한 연구 - 2. 골밀도에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구

손숙미(Sook-Mee Son),이윤나(Yoonna Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 1999 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.27 No.6

본 연구는 부산의 성분도 병원 내과, 산부인과, 건강관리과를 찾은 30~60대의 여성 125명을 대상으로 골밀도와 영향을 미치는 생리적, 생활환경적 요인을 살펴보고자 하였으며, 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 본 조사대상자의 요추의 골밀도는 평균 0.979g/㎠, 대퇴경부의 골밀도는 0.760g/㎠로, 요추 골밀도의 T값으로 판단했을 때 골다공증군이 전체의 16.1%, 골질량감소군이 40.3%로 높은 비율이었다. 또한, 골다공증군의 평균연령은 56.9세, 골질량감소군은 53.7세로, 정상군의 50.7세보다 유의적으로 낮은 것으로 나다났다. 초경나이와 생리기간에 따른 골밀도의 차이를 살펴본 결과, 초경을 늦게 시작한 군이 대퇴경부와 대퇴전자부, 그리고 Ward's triangle의 골밀도가 유의적으로 낮았다. 그러나 총 생리 유지기간이나 생리불순, 난소절제수술에 따른 골밀도의 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 정상군, 골질량감소군, 골다공증군의 세 군간에 피임약, 스테로이드제제, 항고혈압제, 이뇨제, 제산제 등의 사용여부나, 칼슘보충제, 그리고 짜게 먹는 습관 등의 차이를 보이지 않았다. 조사대상이 가장 높은 빈도로 가지고 있는 증상이나 질병은 요통이었고, 그 다음이 충치, 어깨와 목 통증, 당뇨, 쉽게 멍이 듬 등의 순서였다. 본 연구에서는, 골다공증군, 골질량감소군이 정상군과 어떤 생리적 차이와 생활습관의 차이를 보이는가를 살펴보았는데, 세 군간의 차이를 보인 연령과 초경나이가 골밀도에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 약제나 칼슘보충제 이용여부, 활동정도, 짜게 먹는 습관 등의 생활습관에서는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 골밀도는 폐경으로 인한 변화에 기인하는 골격의 퇴화와 초경나이와 같은 생리적 요인에 의해 일차적으로 영향을 받는 것을 볼 수 있으며, 골다공증과 관련된 영양교육을 통하여 이러한 변화를 최소화하는 방안이 필요할 것으로 보인다. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of physiological and behavioral factors on the bone density of 125 middle aged women who visited Saint Bundo Hospital. 16.1% of subjects had osteoporosis and 40.3% had osteopenia according to the measurement of the bone density of lumbar spine. Mean age was 56.9 in osteoporosis group and 53.7 in osteopenia group. It was significantly different from the mean age of control group, 50.7. The mean bone density of the women who had menarche after 15 years old was significantly lower than that of the women who had menarche before 15. But the age of menopause, the total year of menstruation, irregularity of the menstrual cycle and percentage of subjects who had ovariectomy were not significantly different among osteoporosis, osteopenia and control group. The use of medication such as oral contraceptive, steroid, depressant, diuretic, and Ca supplement and the preference of salty food were not significantly different among three groups. The percentage of subjects who had rheumatism, gastric ulcer, and pain in neck or shoulder was higher in osteoporosis and osteopenia group than in control group. This study shows that the age and the age of menarche affect the bone density, and that behavioral factors were not significantly different in osteoporosis and osteopenia group compared to the control group. Further researches are needed to find out the effective way to minimize the effect of age and other physiological conditions on the decrease of bone density.

우리나라 성인의 나트륨 섭취량 추정을 위한 음식섭취빈도조사지의 개발과 타당성 검증에 관한 연구

손숙미(Sook Mee Son),박영숙(Young Sook Park),임화재(Wha Je Lim),김숙배(Sook Bae Kim),정연선(Yeon Seon Jeong) 대한지역사회영양학회 2007 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.12 No.6

고혈압 환자의 식이관련 위험요인 분석에 관한 연구

손숙미(Sook Mee Son),허귀엽(Gwui Yeop Huh) 대한지역사회영양학회 2006 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.11 No.5

This study was performed to determine the dietary risk factors associated with hypertension. The hypertensive group were composed of 112 hypertensive patients (male 53, female 59) who first visited the hypertension clinic and had been diagnosed as having primary hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg). The regular visitors or the subjects on special diets or medical therapies were excluded. The normal group consisted of as subjects (male 41, female 54) matched with age and socioeconomic levels. The subjects having higher intakes (above the 75 percentile) in energy, protein, iron, vitamin A or C showed significantly higher hypertension risk estimated with odds ratio after the covariance factors (age, sex and BMI) were adjusted. More than 2400 mg of sodium (6 g of salt) intake was associated with significantly higher risk of hypertension (odds ratio: 1.773, CI: 1.014 - 3.014 for SBP ≥ 140 mmHg; odds ratio: 2.373, CI: 1.359 - 4.215 for DBP ≥ 90 mmHg). Hypertensive group showed significantly increased intakes of vegetables and fish and shell fish compared to the normal group. When the vegetable intakes were classified into Kimchi, fresh vegetables and cooked vegetables with seasoning, the hypertensive group was observed as having higher intakes of Kimchi and cooked vegetables with seasoning. The intakes of highest quartile for vegetables (≥ 327 g/day)(odds ratio: 3.164, CI: 1.740 - 5.752), fish and their products (≥ 102 g/day)(odds ratio: 2.756, CI: 1.486 - 5.109), grains(≥ 311 g/day)(odds ratio 2.393, CI: 1.186 - 4.832), meats and their product (≥ 106 g)(odds ratio: 2.210, CI: 1.225 - 3.987) compared to the lower were significantly associated with the higher risk of hypertension estimated with DBP (≥ 90 mmHg) after covariance factors were adjusted. In conclusion, our findings confirm that higher intake of energy or sodium are associated with the increased risk of hypertension. Because increased intake of vegetable or fish was associated with the higher risk of hypertension, in contrast with the finding of western countries, choosing or preparation of vegetables or fish with reduced salt is recommended. (Korean J Community Nutrition 11(5) : 661 ~ 672, 2006)