도시민의 농어촌 정주 활성화를 위한 정책 방향과 과제

성주인(Seong, Joo-in),박시현(Park, Si-hyun),윤병석(Yoon, Byeong-seok),이동필 한국농촌경제연구원 2011 한국농촌경제연구원 정책연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

귀농?귀촌에 대한 국민들의 관심이 높아지고 있으며, 실제 농어촌 이주를 준비하는 도시민들도 늘고 있다. 특히 베이비부머들의 은퇴와 함께 이러한 움직임이 두드러질 전망이다. 그러나 현재까지의 정책은 대체로 귀농인 지원에 초점을 두고 있어 다양한 목적으로 이루어지는 농어촌 이주 수요에 효과적으로 대응하지 못하였다. 귀농?귀촌을 정책적으로 장려하기 위해서는 도시민들이 농어촌 이주를 준비하고 실행할 때 어떠한 어려움이 있는지, 그리고 이주 후 정착하는 과정에서 겪는 문제는 무엇인지 파악해야 한다. 이러한 배경 하에 이 연구는 인구이동 및 귀농 귀촌 동향을 살펴보고 농어촌 이주 정착 과정에서 도시민들이 처하는 문제들을 파악하여, 앞으로 도시민의 농어촌 정주를 확산시키는 데 필요한 정책 과제가 무엇인지 제시하는 것을 목적으로 이루어졌다. 이를 위하여 관련 선행연구를 검토하였으며, 특히 선행연구에서 실시된 설문조사 결과 등을 활용하여 귀농?귀촌 특성 및 정책 수요 등을 파악하였다. 또한 통계자료를 활용하여 인구이동 추이를 분석하였으며, 귀농?귀촌인 및 지자체 담당자 인터뷰 등을 통하여 이주 도시민에 대한 지원 수요를 파악하였다. 마지막으로 도시민의 정주 확산을 위한 정책세미나를 통하여 관련 담당자와 전문가들의 의견을 수렴하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. ① 첫째, 도시와 농어촌의 인구 증감 및 인구이동 현황을 살펴본 결과 최근 들어 농어촌 인구 감소가 완화되는 추세이며, 2005년 이후에는 소폭으로 인구가 증가하였다. 이는 농어촌 인구의 자연증가보다는 도시에서의 인구이동이 많았기 때문으로 분석된다. 실제로 최근까지 실시된 각종 설문조사 결과들을 보면, 전체적으로 50%를 훨씬 상회하는 도시민들이 농어촌에 살기를 희망한다고 응답하고 있다. ② 둘째, 귀농귀촌 관련 정책은 크게 중앙정부의 정책과 지자체 및 관련단체의 지원 프로그램으로 구분이 되는데, 정부의 귀농?귀촌 정책에는 각종 교육프로그램과 농업인턴제, 귀농인의 집 조성사업, 귀농인 융자 및 보조사업 등이 있다. 지자체는 정부의 귀농 귀촌 정책과 연계하여 다양한 사업을 실시하고 있다. 하지만 이와 같은 귀농 귀촌 정책은 주로 귀농인 대상의 영농교육 및 자금 지원 정책에 치중하고 있으며, 따라서 다양한 유형의 도시민 농어촌 이주 수요에 효과적으로 대응하지 못한다. ③ 그러므로 농어촌 정주 활성화를 위하여 귀농귀촌 정책은 도시민의 농어촌 이주 단계별로 가장 절실한 요구에 대응하는 방향으로 개선되어야 한다. 구체적으로는 첫째, 이주민의 주거와 생활 편의성 확보를 위하여 기존 마을과 연계한 소규모 전원 주거지 조성사업 추진, 임시 거처 제공 및 빈집 리모델링을 통한 활용 확대, 농어촌 중심지의 종합 정비 등을 추진해야 한다. 둘째, 도시민의 전원생활 예비 체험 프로그램을 확대하여 이주 희망자가 체험 마을에서의 네트워크 형성을 유도하고, 이를 통하여 기존 주민과의 갈등을 완화시킬 수 있도록 한다. 셋째, 귀농 귀촌인의 경제적 지원 내실화와 사회적 일자리 활용을 통하여 이주 초기에 겪는 경제적인 어려움을 해소할 수 있도록 해야 한다. 마지막으로 도시민 유치를 위한 지자체 단위의 통합적 추진체계를 구축하여 도시민의 유치 효과를 높일 수 있어야 한다. In recent years, the number of urban residents moving to a rural area has been increasing, and it is expected that the number will grow further in the future. Amid such a trend, this study aims to present policy tasks that need to be accomplished to expand rural settlement of urban residents by examining its current states and the problems they are facing in the process. For this purpose, this study examined statistical data and survey results of previous studies. Also, the demand for policy support was identified through interviews with the new rural residents and concerned local government"s officials. Lastly, the opinions expressed by concerned authorities and experts during a policy seminar. Based on the research results, this study made the following findings: first, the reduction in rural population has slowed down in recent years and since 2005 it rather increased a little. The reason for this is that there were many people moving to rural areas for the main reason that they wanted to live a rural life; second, there are various policies administered by the central government, local governments, and related organizations to deal with the rural settlement, but because most of the policies are directed at those who chose farming as a new profession they failed to effectively deal with various types of urban residents wanting to move to a rural area. Therefore, the rural settlement policy should be improved so that it can deal with the most pressing issues at each stage of rural settlement. Specifically, the policy should be directed at building coordination with the local village to secure housing and living convenience for new settlers, expansion of the rural life experience program, making economic assistance substantive to provide real benefits to the new rural residents, utilization of the social work program to provide jobs, and establishment of an integrated executive body at the local government level.

농어촌 정주공간의 변화와 정책과제(2/2차연도)

성주인(Joo-In Seong),박시현(Si-Hyun Park),심재헌(Jae-Heon Sim),윤병석(Byeong-Seok Yoon) 한국농촌경제연구원 2013 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

Background of Research Even though the changes such as diversification of members along with over-depopulation, and hollowization in rural areas of Korea concurrently occurred, the relevant empirical researches are not sufficient. This study under this circumstances is to seek for supporting policies on sustainability of settlement space of rural areas, and to propose measures for system modification to support the foregoing. Method of Research The method of research can be divided into 4 categories; First, settlement space of rural areas related discussions are arranged through previous references, and analysis on changes in function and status of villages and central places, movement of population, and commuting ranges is conducted by utilizing relevant statistics. Second, the functions and ranges of daily life zone in small cities or Gun (counties), and connecting area and function with nearby central cities are analyzed by conducting surveys. Third, the current status of various policies and actual condition of community activities are identified by in-depth interviews. Lastly, the major policies of advanced countries are studied by commissioning the study to pertinent experts. Research Results and Implications The major outcomes of the study are described as follows. As a result of analysis on commuting and migration of population, the association between a big city and nearby small cities or Gun (counties) has become strengthened whereas the level of association between the areas with daily life zone far from the big cities and the cities has become relatively weakened. It is found that the impact of wide urbanization on the rural areas is limited. By analyzing the centers of rural areas, it is acknowledged that the service function per Eup·Myeon(town) is properly working, and lifestyle along with community activities of residents by town varies depending upon location conditions. From the analysis on community activities of residents, the range of activities together with diversification of members has expanded to Eup·Myeon and cities or Gun(county). Based on the foregoing findings, policy guidelines and measures for sustainable development of settlement space in rural areas are proposed as follows. First, local governments should prepare a mid-and long-term vision on reorganization of town together with continuation of enhancing fundamental living environment of the town. Second, their budgeting should be based on ongoing businesses in response to the many unused facilities created by various government support programs. Third, it is necessary to promote a strategy on the centers of Eup·Myeon to dually embrace strategically important Eup·Myeon and general Eup·Myeon. Fourth, it is important to develop and utilize the indexes comprehensively diagnosing the current status of living sphere in the region, level of function of center areas, regional resources, economic activities, level of competencies of residents, and etc. Fifth, the current contents of reorganization for Eup·Myeon locations need to be diversified. Sixth, the future regional development business should be in a manner of ‘making a town’. Lastly an intermediate organization per large city area and a fundamental unit supporting regional community activities should be promoted and utilized.

농촌경관보전직불제 성과 분석과 발전과제 도출

성주인(Joo-In Seong),박주영(Ju-Young Park) 한국농어촌관광학회 2008 농어촌관광연구 Vol.15 No.1

This study evaluates the effects of the Direct Payment Program for rural landscape conservation and proposes the improvements to the program. For that, we firstly examined the present condition of the Direct Payment Program for rural landscape conservation. Secondly, we specified the effect factors of the Direct Payment Program for rural landscape conservation based on the literature review and evaluated the effects. Lastly, we made the suggestions for improving the Direct Payment Program for rural landscape conservation and the policy measures for management of rural landscape. The Direct Payment Program for rural landscape conservation gets the considerable results. But it is the limitation that the target village residents seldom act in order to manage the rural landscape except the cultivation of landscape plants. In the shot term, the Direct Payment Program for rural landscape conservation should be enlarged through improving the problems. And in the long term, it is important to provide the target village residents with incentives in order to act voluntarily for the rural landscape management.

귀촌과 지역공동체 육성 정책의 연계 추진방안

성주인(Joo-In Seong),김정섭(Jeong-Seop Kim),마상진(Sang-Jin Ma),윤병석(Byeong-Seok Yoon),이동필 한국농촌경제연구원 2012 한국농촌경제연구원 정책연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

정주 여건 변화에 대응한 농촌 주거정책 추진 방안

성주인(Joo-In Seong),김영단(Young-Dan Kim) 한국농촌경제연구원 2014 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

한국 농어촌 마을의 변화 실태와 중장기 발전 방향(2/5차년도)

성주인(Seong Joo-in),송미령(Song Mi-Ryung),정문수(Jung Moon-soo),민경찬(Min Kyung-chan) 한국농촌경제연구원 2016 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

농어촌 정주공간의 변화와 정책과제

성주인(Joo-In Seong),박시현(Si-Hyun Park),김용렬(Yong-Lyoul Kim),윤병석(Byeong-Seok Yoon),남기천(Ki-Cheon Nam),이동필 한국농촌경제연구원 2012 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

한국 농어촌 마을의 변화 실태와 중장기 발전 방향(4/5차년도)

성주인(Seong Joo-in),박시현(Park Si-hyun),정문수(Jung Moon-soo),민경찬(Min Kyung-chan) 한국농촌경제연구원 2019 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

건설사업관리자의 안전역량 평가체계 개발에 대한 연구

신동혁,성주현,육인수,이명구,오태근,Shin, Dong Hyuk,Seong, Joo Hyun,Yook, In Soo,Lee, Myeong-Gu,Oh, Tae Keun 한국안전학회 2017 한국안전학회지 Vol.32 No.4

Among various methods to build the construction safety, the consecutive improvement by the measuring and evaluating safety management capabilities for the construction participants such as an owner, a contractor, and a supervisor (construction project manager) can be the effective one. Thus, an effective evaluation and grading criteria to provide performance index for the implementation of safety management activities should be necessary. In this regards, the purpose of this study is to verify the adequacy by offering a competency evaluation system for the supervisor's safety capability and by applying the system to some construction sites. The proposed evaluation system was developed on the basis of the principles of safety management & accident prevention, basic elements of safety and health management system, and safety evaluation cases at home and abroad. The trial evaluation showed that the safety management of the construction site is mainly carried out by the contractor and the supervisor's awareness for the safety management is low on the whole. Especially, it is urgent to improve the support system from the supervisor headquarter and to place the dedicated safety management person in the field.

마을개발사업의 성과와 주민참여의 관계 분석

송미령(Song, Mi-Ryung),성주인(Seong, Joo-In) 한국지역개발학회 2005 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.17 No.4

The aim of this study is to delve into rural residents' participation in rural village development programs and to suggest a better model for participatory rural village development programs. For this, interview and questionnaire surveys of key actors and 134 villagers in 20 sample villages were carried out. It was found that, at each stage of village development programs, there were differences in the form and level of villagers' participation. At the early stage of initiation and planning, while only the limited number of villagers actively participated in planning and preparation, the rest played a relatively passive role, at most attending the meeting, and so on. However, at the implementation stage, the division of labor and roles emerged, and the forms and levels of participation were diversified. For example, some offered their knowledge and expertise, others their own labor. In economic, social, and environmental aspects, villagers' participation clearly showed expected successes up to a certain degree, but in many cases, conflicts among villagers were observed too. Statistical analysis clearly revealed the positive correlation between the level of participation and the performance of the projects, i.e., the correlation coefficient of 0.67. From this analysis, it became clear that the participatory model requires the existence of a mobilizer, outside support and interests, and an appropriate incentive and compensation mechanism in order to extend beneficial results and effects of a rural development program.