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석준호,안동빈,손진호,최진혁,정윤영,공지선 대한이비인후과학회 2013 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.56 No.3
Background and Objectives Pyriform sinus fistula with 3rd and 4th branchial cleft anomaly is an extremely rare congenital condition that is not very well understood owing to its rarity. The aim of the study was to review our experience with pyriform sinus fistulae to better understand them. Subjects and Method Of 163 patients with branchial anomaly treated at our institute between 1999 and 2011, medical records of 15 patients with pyriform sinus fistula were retrospectively reviewed. Results Overall, 9.2% had pyriform sinus fistulae and this proportion was higher than that of patients with 1st branchial anomaly. The mean age at the time of initial symptom presentation was 11.9 years. However, five patients (33.3%) were not diagnosed at that time because pyriform sinus fistula was not suspected. Computed tomography (CT) was the most sensitive diagnostic tool in patients suspected to have pyriform sinus fistulae; the sensitivity of CT was 86.7%, whereas that for esophagography was only 20%. Conservative surgical treatment involving cauterization of the opening of the fistula tract was performed in nine patients and showed favorable results with 22.2% of recurrence rate during a mean follow-up period of 23.1 months. In 67.7% of the patients, the causative organisms were bacteria inhabiting human mouth, suggesting that infection source for pyriform sinus fistula may be food contents and discharge of upper aerodigestive tract. Conclusion The incidence of pyriform sinus fistula may be higher than expected. Therefore, the possibility of pyriform sinus fistulae coexisting should be considered while treating young patients with perithyroidal infection.
Causal Relationship among Bioethanol Production, Corn Price, and Beef Price in the U.S.
석준호,김수은,김관선 한국환경경제학회 2018 자원·환경경제연구 Vol.27 No.3
This paper investigates the impact of ethanol mandate on the price relationship between corn and beef using the monthly time-series data from January 2003 through December 2013. In addition, we examine the non-linearity in ethanol, corn, and beef markets. Based on the threshold cointegration test, we find the symmetric relationship in pairs with ethanol production-corn price and ethanol production-beef price whereas there is the asymmetric relationship between prices of corn and beef. Employing the threshold vector error correction and vector error correction models, we also find that the corn price in the U.S is caused by both ethanol production and beef price in a long-run when the beef price is relatively high. On the other hand, the corn price does not cause both ethanol production and beef price in the long run. Findings from this study imply that demanders for corn such as ethanol and beef producers have price leadership on corn producers.
COVID-19 전후 환율이 식품 물가에 미치는 비대칭성에 대한 연구
석준호,정대희,문한필 한국농촌경제연구원 2023 농촌경제 Vol.46 No.3
This study analyzes the impact of exchange rates on food prices in Korea, comparing the period after COVID-19 when the exchange rate continued to rise and the period before COVID-19 when the exchange rate remained stable. The asymmetry of exchange rates on food prices is also considered using the asymmetric Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL). As a result of the analysis, before COVID-19, the long-term balance relationship or asymmetry between the exchange rate and food prices is not significant. On the other hand, after COVID-19, it was found that there was not only a long-term equilibrium relationship between exchange rates and food prices, but also an asymmetry between exchange rates and food prices in the long term. Considering the downward rigidity of food prices, this study could derive policy implications for the need to manage food prices stably through preemptive support for food companies, in the form of supporting the cost of purchasing imported raw materials, until the exchange rate stabilizes during a period when the exchange rate continues to rise. 본 연구는 환율이 지속적으로 상승한 COVID-19 이후 기간과 환율이 안정적으로 유지된 COVID-19 이전 기간으로 나누어 환율이 우리나라 식품물가에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 비대칭적 자기회귀시차분포모형(Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model: ARDL)을 활용하여 환율이 식품물가에 미치는 비대칭성도 동시에 고려하였다. 분석 결과, COVID-19 이전에는 환율과 식품물가 간의 장기적인 균형 관계나 비대칭성이 유의하지 않았다. 이에 반해, COVID-19 이후에는 환율과 식품물가 간의 장기적인 균형 관계뿐만 아니라 장기에 환율과 식품물가 간의 비대칭성도 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 식품 가격의 하방경직성을 고려할 때 본 연구는 환율이 지속적으로 상승하는 시기에는 환율이 안정되기 전까지 수입 원료 구입 비용 지원과 같은 방식으로 식품기업들에 대한 선제적인 지원 조치를 통해 식품물가를 안정적으로 관리할 필요성이 있다는 정책적인 시사점을 도출할 수 있었다.