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Charge Inversion at the Surface by Adsorption of Trivalent Cations on a Langmuir Monolayer
석상준,이범구,김도석 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.4
IR-visible sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy was used to study cation adsorption and charge inversion behavior at the water/lipid interface of a 1, 2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidic acid (DMPA) monolayer. At low subphase salt (LaCl3) concentrations, the sum-frequency signal from interfacial water molecules decreased with increasing salt concentration of the subphase water. At around ∽1 μM of bulk LaCl3 concentration, the SFG signal was at its minimum, suggesting charge neutrality at this specific salt concentration. With further increase in the salt concentration, a small SFG signal from the interfacial water molecules was again observed. This phenomenon was explained by an overcompensation of the surface charge by trivalent cations causing an inver- sion of surface charge, which caused an alignment of the interfacial water molecules at high salt concentrations.
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TIE 참여교사의 사회과 가치교육에 관한 인식 및 학생들의 가치변화에 대한 연구 : 극단 에듀라마를 중심으로
석지혜,남상준 韓國敎員大學校 敎育硏究院 2009 敎員敎育 Vol.25 No.4
본 연구는 현직교사로 구성된 극단 에듀라마를 중심으로 연구 극단의 배우들이 TIE 프로그램 구안 과정에서 사회과 가치교육에 관한 인식을 살펴보고, 참여 학생들의 가치 변화를 분석함으로써 TIE를 통한 사회과 가치교육의 가능성을 살펴보는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 초등 사회과 가치교육에 관한 내용을 바탕으로 제작되는 TIE 프로그램 중에서 [은하수 마을의 꿈]과 [날아라, 비행기]를 중심으로 연구를 진행하였다. 참여 학생틀에게 TIE 프로그램을 도입·적용하였으며, 단계에 따른 학생들의 반응을 분석하고, 연구 극단의 교사들은 TIE 참여 전과 후의 면담으로 사회과 가치교육에 관한 인식을 알아보았으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, TIE에서 사용되는 여러 가지 연극적 테크념들은 초등학생의 발달단계상 행위 지향적인 성향과 잘 결부되어, 아동들이 놀이하면서 배우고, 행동하면서 배울 수 있도록 하는 데 효과적이었다. 둘째, TIE 프로그램이 학생들의 ‘생활모드’의 경험을 통해 실제 생활인 것처럼 행동하도록 도와줌으로써 학습자에게 사회 상황을 공감할 수 있도록 하였다. 셋째, TIE는 가치 영역 중 도덕적 가치 뿐만 아니라 탈도덕적 가치까지 포함한 가치·태도를 변화시키는 사회과의 가치교육에 적합하였다. 넷째, TIE 참여 학생들은 프로그램이 진행될수록 합리적인 대안을 찾아 타협해 가는 것이 최선이라는 것을 인식하게 되는 사고의 개방성을 경험할 수 있었다. 다섯째, TIE는 일회성의 연극이 제공할 수 있는 것보다 더 깊고 풍부한 학습 경험을 제공할 수 있으며 연극적 사건을 반추하고 사고의 인식 및 확장을 지속한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 여섯째, TIE 프로그램이 진행될수록 제기된 쟁점에 대해서 논의하거나 극의 결과를 실제로 결정하는 경험을 통하여 학생들이 중심이 되어 몰입하게 하고 적극적으로 참여하게 되었으며 환상, 전체 구성, 그리고 캐릭터라는 주된 성분 요소들을 취하고 있어 학생들을 몰입시키는 TIE만의 예술성도 나타내었다. This research has a purpose of validating the possibility of value education in elementary social studies through TIE, by examining the recognition of the research drama club's actors on values education in elementary social studies that is shown in the process of devising TIE programmes focused on the drama club, EDURAMA which is composed of incumbent teachers and by analyzing participant students' value change. I undertook the research based on [The Dream of Galaxy Town] and [Fly, an Airplane] and I introduced and applied these TIE programmes to the students and analyzed the students' responses of each step through students' learning reports, questionnaires, and video recording. For the research on the recognition of value education in elementary social studies of the research drama club's teachers, I interviewed them before and after they joined the TIE programmes. As the results, I have found out that the following are the significance of value education in elementary social studies by using TIE. First, a variety of dramatic techniques that are used in TIE are so compatible with Elementary School students' inclination that pursues for activity considering their development stage that TIE is very effective for Elementary School students to learn while playing and acting. Second, TIE programmes were devised in the way that encourages learners to sympathize with social circumstances by helping them act as if they are in real life through the experiences in 'complete life mode'. Third, TIE is suitable for value education in elementary social studies that changes value and attitudes including moral value and nonmoral value as well among value domains. Fourth, the students who joined TIE sticked to their own ideas at first justifying their position on some given issues, but they recognized it was the best way to compromise in order to reach reasonable alternatives as the programmes progressed. Fifth, TIE supplies participant students with deeper and richer learning experiences than those provided by a discontinuous play and it is proven that participant students review dramatic events and continue to recognize and expand their thinking through TIE. Sixth, as TIE programmes progressed, participant students were engrossed and participated actively while centering themselves in the programmes by discussing the raised issues and determining the results of drama in real. Finally, it contains fantasy, the whole plot, and characters, which shows off the unique artistry of TIE that drives students into immersion.
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Direct Imaging of a Collapsed Langmuir Monolayer and Multilayer Formation
김도석,석상준,김태중,김영동,David Vaknin 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.3
Imaging ellipsometry was used to investigate the collapsed region of arachidic-acid monomolecular layers spread on the surfaces of pure water and a CaCl2 solution. We could observe the domain image of a collapsed region caused by over-compressing the Langmuir monolayers beyond the minimal closely-packed molecular area. The thicknesses of the layers obtained from the analysis were approximately integer multiples of the molecular lengths, accounting for the small tilt from the surface normal direction. The thickness of the collapsed region is proposed to depend sensitively on the existence of salt in the water subphase.
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