수피에 의한 중금속 흡착(I)

백기현,김동호,윤승락,Paik, Ki-Hyon,Kim, Dong-Ho,Yoon, Seung-Lak 한국환경농학회 1996 한국환경농학회지 Vol.15 No.3

The pretreatment of bark powder with sodium hydroxide and formalin showed the most excellent adsorption ratio, but this method could not practically be used because of the occurrence of dark-colored pigments in filtrates during pretreatment. Instead, acid and formalin were the most affirmative and effective among the pretreatment methods tested, and could be used for this purpose. Among tested species, Quercus acutissima and Robinia pseudo-accacia showed the largest amount of metal adsorption, and $Pb^{2+}$ was the best(83 to 96%) among the four heavy metals tested. The order of adsorption ratios other metals was as follows; $Cu^{2+}$ > $Zn^{2+}$ > $Cd^{2+}$, and the ratio was approximately 45 to 55%. In addition, as the substrate amount increased, the amount of adsorbed heavy metals in subtrates gradually increased, but the adsorbed amount was not proportional to the substrate amount. The order of heavy metal adsorption was as follows; $Pb^{2+}$ > $Cu^{2+}$ > $Cd^{2+}$ > $Zn^{2+}$. Depending on flow rate and column size, pine bark power adsorbed more heavy metals in the 5ml/min flow rate and 3.5cm column size rather than the 10ml/min and 2.0cm. However, oak bark power showed contrary results compared with pine bark powder. The adsorption of $Pb^{2+}$ occurred rapidly in the incipient stagte. Even though bark powders were repeatedly used three times, there was no change in the adsorption ratio(45%), but after four times, the adsorption ratio was significantly reduced to 35%.

당뇨병환자의 우울증과 자가 관리

김수연 ( Su Yoen Kim ),이재호 ( Jae Ho Lee ),김하늘 ( Ha Neul Kim ),김동규 ( Dong Kyu Kim ),나영 ( Young Na ),김길선 ( Guil Sun Kim ),김미경 ( Mee Kyoung Kim ),백기현 ( Ki Hyun Baek ),강무일 ( Moo IL Kang ),이광우 ( Kwang Woo Lee 대한당뇨병학회 2009 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.33 No.5

연구배경: 당뇨병환자들에서 우울증의 유병률이 높고 이는 환자들이 생활 개선 요법을 적절히 수행하는데 지장을 주어 혈당 조절을 악화시키거나 합병증의 발생을 증가시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 두 가지 설문 조사를 통해 우리나라 당뇨병환자들의 우울증의 빈도 및 자가 관리 정도에 관해 조사하고자 하였다. 방법: 2008년 7월에서 2008년 12월 사이에 제2형 당뇨병 치료를 위해 성모병원 외래를 방문한 환자들을 대상으로 Harvard Department of Psychiatry/National Depression Screening Day Scale (HANDS)와 Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA)를 이용하여 이들의 우울증 여부와 식사 조절, 운동, 혈당 체크, 발 관리, 금연 등의 자가 관리 수행 정도를 조사하였다. 또한 당뇨병의 유병 기간, 만성 합병증, HbA1c, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤, 저밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤을 측정하였다. 위의 결과들을 토대로 당뇨병환자들의 우울증 빈도 및 우울증과 자가 관리, 우울증과 혈당 조절 정도와의 관계를 Two-tailed t tests, chi-square analysis, Pearson`s correlation coefficient 방법으로 조사하였다. 통계적 유의수준은 0.05 미만으로 정의하였다. 결과: 총 191명의 환자들이 설문 조사를 완료 하였고 이중 39명(20.4%)의 환자가 주요 우울 장애에 이환되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 우울증이 있는 환자 39명 중 6명(15.3%)만이 이에 대해 전문가의 진단 또는 치료를 받은 기왕력이 있었다. 우울증이 없는 군과 있는 군 사이의 자가 관리 정도를 비교해 보았을 때 적절한 식사 요법과(평균점수: 18.54 vs 15.94, P=0.046) 자가 혈당 측정은(평균점수: 4.05 vs 2.69, P=0.047) 우울증이 있는 환자군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 그 수행 정도가 떨어졌다. 그러나 규칙적 운동, 매일의 발 관리, 금연 여부 등은 두 환자군 사이에 의미있는 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 당화혈색소, 총 콜레스테롤이나 중성지방, 고밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤, 저밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤 수치도 우울증이 있는 군과 없는 군 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지는 않았다. 결론: 당뇨병이 있는 환자들은 건강한 성인에 비해서 우울증이 동반되는 경우가 더 흔하며 이들 중 상당수가 적절히 진단되지 않고 있다. 우울증이 있는 당뇨병환자들은 식사 조절이나 혈당 체크와 같은 자가 관리의 수행 정도가 우울증이 없는 당뇨병환자에 비해 낮으며 따라서 당뇨병환자들의 우울증 동반 여부에 대해 적절히 진단하고 치료하는 것이 필요하다. Background: Depression is known to be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conversely, diabetes is also a risk factor for depression, and patients with diabetes have nearly twice the risk of comorbid depression as the general population. Depression in patients with diabetes may cause poor clinical outcomes through lower adherence to self-care activities such as exercise, diet control, and glucose monitoring. Furthermore, diabetic patients with depression are more likely to suffer from microvascular or macrovascular complications. We explored the prevalence of major depressive disorder in Korean diabetic patients and its impact on self-care activities and glucose control. Methods: We surveyed depressive symptoms and self-care activities in 191 type 2 diabetic patients from the outpatient clinic of the St. Mary`s hospital. Two questionnaires were used for assessment, the Harvard Department of Psychiatry/National Depression Screening Day Scale (HANDS) and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA). Results: Of the 191 respondents who completed questionnaires, 39 (20.4%) patients were categorized as having major depressive disorder. Among the depressed patients, only six (15.3%) had been previously evaluated and managed for their psychiatric problems. The incidence of depression was significantly higher in female diabetic patients compared to patients without depression (74.4% vs. 45.4%, P<0.001). Patients with depression showed significantly poorer diet control (18.5 vs. 15.9, P=0.046) and less glucose monitoring (4.1 vs. 2.7, P=0.047). However, there were no differences in exercise, foot care, or smoking status between the two groups. Additionally, metabolic parameters such as HbA1C and lipid profile were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Many diabetic patients are suffering from depression and exhibit poorer self-care activities than patients without depression. Identifying and managing depressed diabetic patients may help improve their self-care activities. (Korean Diabetes J 33:432-438, 2009)

인산화 처리 목분과 수피에 의한 중금속 흡착

백기현(Ki Hyon Paik),김동호(Dong Ho Kim),이동흡(Dong Heub Lee) 한국목재공학회 2000 목재공학 Vol.28 No.2

N/A N/A

용액의 처리조건에 따른 미처리 수피에 의한 중금속 흡착

백기현(Ki Hyon Paik),김동호(Dong Ho Kim),김승호(Seung Ho Kim) 한국목재공학회 2000 목재공학 Vol.28 No.2

N/A N/A

연구논문 - 펄프 , 제지 , 피혁분과 : C / D , P 및 Z 단계 표백시 Xylanase 처리에 의한 펄프성질의 변화

김동호,백기현 ( Dong Ho Kim,Ki Hyon Paik ) 한국공업화학회 1997 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.1994 No.1

여러 장기를 침범한 이차성 혈색소침착증 1예

김미경 ( Mee Kyoung Kim ),임동준 ( Dong Jun Lim ),백기현 ( Ki Hyun Baek ),송기호 ( Ki Ho Song ),강무일 ( Moo Il Kang ),이광우 ( Kwang Woo Lee ),이종욱 ( Jong Wook Lee ) 대한내과학회 2008 대한내과학회지 Vol.75 No.6

불가피하게 반복적인 수혈을 받는 환자에서 수혈과 관련하여 이차성 혈색소 침착증이 발생할 수 있는데, 본 저자들은 재생불량성 빈혈로 10년간 약 400pints의 수혈을 받은 환자에서 피부 색소 침착, 저성선자극호르몬에 의한 성선기능저하, 당뇨병, 간기능 장애, 확장성 심근병증에 의한 울혈성심부전 등 여러 가지 심각한 합병증을 동반한 이차성 혈색소 침착증 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. We report a case of transfusion-associated hemochromatosis in a 38-year-old female who had severe aplastic anemia. She had undergone conservative treatment consisting of multiple transfusions because she had no suitable HLA-matched bone marrow donor. She had received 400 units of red blood cells (RBCs) over 10 years. The transferrin saturation and serum ferritin were increased to 88.4% and 29,905 ng/mL, respectively. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed increased densities in the liver and myocardium, suggesting iron deposits in those organs. In general, transfusional iron overload results in primarily reticuloendothelial iron accumulation, which is considered to be less harmful than parenchymal iron accumulation. Nevertheless, our patient had many striking complications associated with hemochromatosis, such as skin pigmentation, hypogonadotropin hypogonadism, insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus, impaired liver function, and left ventricular dysfunction. (Korean J Med 75:709-713, 2008)

C/D , P 및 Z 단계 표백시 Xylanase 처리에 의한 펄프성질의 변화

김동호,백기현 한국목재공학회 1997 목재공학 Vol.25 No.2

The objectives of this study was to decrease pollutions of bleaching effluent and was to enhanced brightness of non-chlorine bleached pulps by xylanase treatments. Xylanase cloned Eshericha coli(E.coli) capable of each of endo. exo-xylanase and acetyl-esterase were obtained from Bacillus stearothermophillus. These xylanase was maintained high activity in alkali and high temperature. Especially endo-xylanase would be more active in 60℃ arid pH 11. Xylanase pretreatment(X) of unbleached pulp increased brightness, and decreased the degree of delignification. The degree of increase in brightness of pulp due to xylanase pretreatment was similar to non-enzyme treated pulp, regardless of the amount of enzyme added. Therefore, the addition of xylanase of 2 unit was recommended when considering costs of enzyme. The pulp bleached XO sequence had higher brightness and lower Kappa no. than O bleached pulp. while pulp bleached XP sequence had similar brightness and Kappa no. with P bleached pulp. In XOC/D. XOZ and XOP bleaching sequences, brightness and degree of delignification were improved. The C/D and Z stage bleached pulp was Bond effect on rate of raise in brightness and Kappa no., but P stage bleached pulp had similar level in non-enzyme treated bleaching sequence.

수피에 의한 중금속 흡착시 경금속의 영향과 중금속간의 흡착 경쟁

김동호,최돈하,백기현 한국환경농학회 1997 한국환경농학회지 Vol.16 No.2

When the light metals such as Ca^(++) and Mg^(++) were added to heavy metal solution, the adsorption of heavy metals was increased by 20 to 30% more, but there were no differences between species. Pb^(++) was the most adsorbed metal(99.5%), and the adsorption ratio of Cd^(++) was significantly improved. In addition, when the light metal concentration was increased to 100ppm, the adsoption ratios of all four heavy metals were reached to 92 to 99%, while coniferous barks showed only 85 to 92%. On the mixture of four heavy metals, the adsorbed amount of each metal was significantly reduced, compared with that of one heavy metal, while Zn^(++) showed the adsorption improvement to 95%. On the column experiment, Pb^(++) was almost completely adsorbed in the upper part of column, and the adsorbed amount of Cu^(++) was gradually decreased depending on column depth. However, Cd^(++) and Zn^(++) were not influenced by column height, and constantly adsorbed on various column height. Based on the above results, each heavy metal had different adsorption mechanism.

증기 - 추출 방법에 의한 목질계로부터의 조사료 (粗飼料) 생산 (Ⅰ) : 용매 (溶媒) 추출이 폭쇄재 및 열해섬 (熱解纖) 펄프에 미치는 영향 Effect of Solvent Extraction on Asplund Pulp and Steam Exploded Wood

김동호,백기현,강진하 한국목재공학회 1992 목재공학 Vol.20 No.4

Steam defiberated pulp and steam exploded wood(birch chip) were extracted with solvents (hot-water, 1% NaOH, MeOH, hot water, 1% NaOH). The properties of residual fiber were examined for the utilization as ruminants feed. The digesibility is 38% in steam defiberated pulp(10㎏/㎠-15min) and 62-77% in exploded wood(17-18㎏/㎠-2∼10min), respectively. The more steam pressure and time increase, the more the digestibility increase. The sugars obtained from extractives is amount from 7% to 13% in asplund pulp and from 7% to 10% in exploded pulp. The sugars was mainly composed of 70-80% xylose. The digestibility of residual fiber which is extracted with solvents is low than these of original fibers. Considering the yield and digestibility as ruminant feed, exploded pulp under 17㎏/㎠ for 10min has the best efficiency. The exploded wood gives 75.3% on yield(O. D. chip) arid 48% on the digestibility.

수피에 의한 중금속 흡착(Ⅰ)

김동호,백기현,윤승락 한국환경농학회 1996 한국환경농학회지 Vol.15 No.3

The pretreatment of bark powder with sodium hydroxide and formalin showed the most excellent adsorption ratio, but this method could not practically be used because of the occurrence of dark-colored pigments in filtrates during pretreatment. Instead, acid and formalin were the most affirmative and effective among the pretreatment methods tested, and could be used for this purpose. Among tested species, Quercus acutissima and Robinia pseudo-accacia showed the largest amount of metal adsorption, and Pb^(2+) was the best(83 to 96%) among the four heavy metals tested. The order of adsorption ratios other metals was as follows; Cu^(2+) $gt; Zn^(2+) $gt; Cd^(2+), and the ratio was approximately 45 to 55%. In addition, as the substrate amount increased, the amount of adsorbed heavy metals in subtrates gradually increased, but the adsorbed amount was not proportional to the substrate amount. The order of heavy metal adsorption was as follows; Pb^(2+) $gt; Cu^(2+) $gt; Cd^(2+) $gt; Zn^(2+). Depending on flow rate and column size, pine bark power adsorbed more heavy metals in the 5㎖/min flow rate and 3.5㎝ column size rather than the 10㎖/min and 2.0㎝. However, oak bark power showed contrary results compared with pine bark powder, The adsorption of Pb^(2+) occurred rapidly in the incipient stagte. Even though bark powders were repeatedly used three times, there was no change in the adsorption ratio(45%), but after four times, the adsorption ratio was significantly reduced to 35%.