크레올의 시학 : 에두아르 글리상과 카리브 군도의 탈식민 문화 정체성

박주식(Ju Sik Park) 한국비평이론학회 2016 비평과이론 Vol.21 No.3

이 글은 카리브 군도 마르티니크 출신의 작가이자 이론가인 에두아르 글리상(Edouard Glissant)의 저술에 나타난 탈식민 문화 정체성을 추적한다. 글리상은 네그리튀드(Négritude) 운동의 주창자인 에메 세제르(Aimé Césaire)와 탈식민주의 이론가이자 혁명가인 프란츠 파농(Franz Fanon)과 함께 카리브 군도의 대표적인 저항 시인이자 이론가로 90년대 이후, 특히 2000년대에 들어와 학계의 특별한 주목을 받고 있다. 그에게서 무엇보다 주목할 만한 것은 그의 문화 정체성 이론에 포진되어 있는 실로 다양한 개념들이다. 크레올화(creolization), 관계(Relation), 우회(detour), 혼돈(chaos), 불투명(opacity), 방랑(errancy), 총체성(totality)--글리상은 이와 같은 현란한 개념들을 앞세워 문화적 혼종 상태를 이루어가는 오늘날의 세계를 진단한다. 더욱 더 특별한 것은 그는 탈식민 정체성의 무대가 되고 있는 카리브 군도를 세계화의 원형으로 보고 있다는 점이다. 그런 이유로 글리상의 철학에 있어서 카리브 군도는 매우 특별한 의미를 부여받는다. 이 논문은 글리상의 저술에 나타난 문화 정체성의 이론을 몇 가지 단계를 통해 점검해 보고 있다. 우선 그가 왜 세제르와 파농과 다른 길을 걸어갔는지 살펴보는 일은 글리상의 철학에 입문하는 초석에 해당한다. 다음으로 그의 가장 중요한 이론 중의 하나인 크레올화와 관계의 시학을 살펴볼 것이다. 그에게 있어서 크레올화와 관계라는 개념은 그의 전 저술을 관통하는 학문적 브랜드라고 명명할 수 있기 때문이다. 이어 그의 관계의 시학에 나오는 두 대립관계인 관계정체성과 뿌리정체성은 그의 탈식민 문화정체성과 관련하여 가장 명확한 청사진을 그려 줄 것이다. 끝으로 글리상의 저술에서 가장 논란이 되고 있는 특수성과 전체성의 문제를 살펴볼 것이다. 이 문제를 해명하기 위해 들뢰즈의 철학은 매우 유용한 도구를 제공하고 있다는 것이 본 연구의 귀결점이다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 글리상의 문화 정체성 이론은 기존의 그것과는 달리 매우 특별한 유토피아적 비전을 가지고 있다는 점을 제기하고 있다. This study aims to investigate the postcolonial cultural identity in the works of Edouard Glissant, writer and theorist from Martinique of Caribbean archipelago. Edouard Glissant, a contemporary of both Aimé Césaire who is known as the father of Negritude movement and Frantz Fanon who is known as a representative resistance poet in the Caribbean, has become a center of recognition in the Western academic circles of 1990s and 2000s. What is noteworthy about him is a range of literary and critical concepts suggested in his theory of cultural identity. Creolization, Relation, detour, chaos, opacity, errancy, totality-with these in mind Glissant theorizes today’s world that is characterized as a universe of cultural hybridity. Also, it is noteworthy that he regards the Caribbean archipelago as an archetype of globalization. In this sense, the Caribbean archipelago is invested with special meanings in the philosophy of Glissant. Following several steps of investigation, this study weighs the theory of cultural identity in Glissant. First of all, the idea why Glissant took a different path from Césaire and Fanon would be a stepping stone entering the edifice of Glissant’s writing. Then, we will examine his theories of creolization and the poetics of Relation, the most important concepts in his work. For him, Creolization and Relation, going through his whole work, can be regarded as his academic brand. Next, the two opposing concepts theorized in his Poetics of Relation give us a clear picture about his idea of postcolonial cultural identity. Finally, we will examine the question of specificity and totality, the most controversial idea in the philosophy of Glissant. That Gilles Deleuze’s philosophy of immanence would be extremely helpful investigating the suggested question will be the concluding part of this study. Also, this study suggests that unlike the others’ one, Glissant’s theory of cultural identity shows a strong utopian vision.

성인여성의 복부지방 분포에 따른 신체구성 및 건강관련 체력의 특성

박주식 ( Ju Sik Park ),김기진 ( Ki Jin Kim ) 한국운동영양학회 2004 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.8 No.1

In adults, obesity and abdominal obesity, especially visceral fat area, were associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The increase of visceral fat area could be arise the depression of physical capacity. This study investigated the comparison of body composition and physical fitness according to abdominal fat distribution in adult women. Subjects were consisted of obese group (N = 19) and non-obese group (N = 21), as BMI equal to or greater than 25 kg/m². Additionally, subjects were divided into groups according to waist circumference (WC) and ratio of visceral fat area to subcutaneous fat area (VSR), respectively. Body composition and physical fitness were measured by body weight, %fat, WC, WHR, grip strength, back muscular strength, sit up, sit & reach, and physical efficiency index (PEI) of Hravard step test. Abdominal subcutaneous fat area, visceral fat area, and VSR were measured by abdominal CT. Body weight, BMI, and WC of obese group were significantly higher than non-obese group, and abdominal obesity and visceral fat type were significantly higher than femoral-thigh obesity and subcutaneous fat type, respectively. Some subjects of non-obese group as BMI showed the increase of visceral fat area and category of abdominal obesity type. In these results, multiple analysis of obesity as BMI, WC, and VSR could be suggest a critical sign for the analysis of negative body fat distribution. Significant depression of physical fitness could not find as group division according to BMI, WC, and VSR. Although PEI of Harvard step test could not suggest a significant difference, subjects of visceral obesity showed the decrease of PEI. But we could not find the critical point in negative effect of visceral fat accumulation on physical fitness.

4주간의 고지방식이와 지구성 운동 혼합 처치가 중년 흰쥐의 골격근 내 미토콘드리아 생합성과 지구성 운동능력에 미치는 영향

박주식(Park, Ju-Sik),김기진(Kim, Ki-Jin) 한국코칭능력개발원 2016 코칭능력개발지 Vol.18 No.2

분노의 예술: 조나단 스위프트의 풍자문학 -『통 이야기』 (A Tale of a Tub)의 페르소나 비평을 중심으로-

박주식 ( Ju Sik Park ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2011 현대영어영문학 Vol.55 No.2

Jonathan Swift`s A Tale of a Tub offers particular difficulties for persona theorists because of the shifting perspectives of its narrator. This paper examines the two mainstream branches of interpreting Swift`s persona which have developed in the early twentieth century and are still exerting a heavy influence on Swift scholarship in general. Mimetic theory, which is somewhat equivalent to what James Clifford called ``hard school`` interpretation, is basically relied on the Swift as a historical figure, while textual criticism, which is related to Clifford`s ``soft school`` interpretation, claims that the narrative voice should be separated from the real Swift himself. This paper contends that an eclectic theory of these two trends may provide a more flexible perspective because seventeenth and eighteenth century when Swift was born and developed his career as a writer of satire can be considered to be a unique historical moment that requires such an interpretation. (Catholic University of Korea)

문화제국주의와 비판적 영어교육의 가능성

박주식 ( Ju Sik Park ),이창봉 ( Chang Bong Lee ) 영미문학연구회 2005 영미문학연구 Vol.9 No.-

Together with the unprecedented historical phase of globalization, English has become a dominant language from whose power almost everyone in the world is unable to claim his or her independence. The impact of English, be it practical, emotional, or otherwise, is being more severely felt in Korea than in any other nation of the world. Whether we want it or not, it seems that we have no choice but to receive, learn, cherish, cling to, and even worship it blindly. Therefore, scholarly endeavors to produce a more productive way of educating English have been one of the most significant projects in the field of English education. Although this study appears to be one of those projects, it intends to be more than just such an attempt in that its tenet repeatedly advocates a downright surrender of traditional methods of English education. This study claims that in order to bring a more productive result English education should be basically critical, and that in order to make English education critical we should look into the hidden dimensions that English has covered under the pretense of being a simple communicative medium. Cultural imperialism, more than any other intellectual fashion of these days, provides a valuable tool to critically analyse the politics of English. The practical application of this model would result in an education based upon the idea of cross-cultural communicative competency, which centers on training the student`s ability to make up his or her own counter-discourse engaging with a dominant discourse.

발칸 지역의 민족공산주의

박주식(Park, Ju-sik) 아시아·중동부유럽학회 2002 동유럽발칸학 Vol.4 No.2

지난 20세기는 자유민주주의와 자본주의가 공산주의에 승리한 시기로 널리 평가되고 있다. 그러나 또한 중요한 사실은 공산주의가 민족주의에도 패배한 것인데 이는 간과되는 경향이 있다. 민족주의와 공산주의의 갈등, 대치는 사회주의 역사를 통털어 이론과 실제 양 측면에서 현저하게 나타났다.이들 이념 간의 긴장은 발칸 지역에서도 극명하게 드러나며 본 연구는 유고슬라비아와 루마니아의 경우를 중심으로 공산주의가 왜 그리고 어떻게 민족주의를 극복하는데 실패했는지 살펴 본다.유고 공산주의는 19세기 후반 세르비아 사회주의자들이 시도한 통합 공산주의 운동 이래 민족문제로 어려움을 겪어왔다. 초기 통합 운동에 슬로베니아는 세르비아인이 주도한다는 이유로 대의원조차 파견하지 않았다. 1차 대전 이후 출범한 세르브-크로아티아-슬로베니아 왕국 역시 세르비아인과 크로아티아인 사이의 민족 갈등을 해결하는데 실패하였다. 비록 티토가 2차대전 종료 이후 5 민족을 묶어 하나의 연방국가로 통합하였으나 자주관리제도는 분권화를 촉진하고 개별 공화국의 민족주의를 자극하여 연방의 해체를 야기하였다. 유고식 사회주의는 소련에 대항하는 민족공산주의의 결과이며 경제적 이해관계에 연유하지 않은 반면 루마니아의 민족공산주의는 루마니아와 소련 그리고 다른 동유럽 공산국가와의 경제적 이해의 상충에서 촉발되었으며 그 예는 CMEA를 둘러싼 루마니아의 독자노선이 잘 보여주고 있다. The last century is widely recognized as an epoch of triumph of liberal democracy and capitalism over communism. But the century also concluded with a victory of nationalism on communism, which tends to be overlooked. The confrontation and/or conflict between nationalism and communism has remarkably found itself both in theory and practice throughout a history of socialism. This tension between the two contending ideologies has well been illustrated in the Balkan area. This article tries to expound how and why communism failed to overcome nationalism in both Yugoslavia and Romania. Yugoslavia has suffered from a national question since the first integration movement of the Yugoslav communism initiated by Serbian socialists in the latter half of the 19th century. At that time Slovenia did not send a delegate to the unificatioin meeting. The kingdom of Serb-Croatia-Slovenia was far from a harmony between the the two nationalities:Serbs and Croats. Although Tito managed to integrate the five nationalities into a federalism, self-management of Yugo's national communism resulted in decentralization of the federal system and even disintegration of the federal socialist state. Yugoslav socialism of self-management is basically an outcome of Yugoslav's national communism against the Soviet Union and the challenge is not motivated by economic interests but by national pride or prestige. Contrastingly, Romania's national communism rooted from conflict of economic interests between Romania and other socialist countries.

크로스핏 운동의 개념과 효과

박주식(Park, Ju-Sik),정수련(Jung, Soo-Ryun),김기진(Kim, Ki-Jin) 한국코칭능력개발원 2014 코칭능력개발지 Vol.16 No.1

장애인 양궁 선수의 경기력 향상을 위한 기능성 트레이닝 적용 사례

박주식(Park, Ju-Sik),정영주(Jung, Young-Ju),김기진(Kim, Ki-Jin) 한국코칭능력개발원 2020 코칭능력개발지 Vol.22 No.4

슬관절 손상 환자의 재활 운동 적용 효과에 대한 문헌고찰

박주식(Park, Ju-Sik),최영민(Choi, Young-Min),이지원(Lee, Ji-Won),나상현(Na, Sang-Hyeon) 한국코칭능력개발원 2023 코칭능력개발지 Vol.25 No.3

초등학교 아동의 태권도 및 합기도 수련기간에 따른 BMI 및 건강관련 체력의 비교

박주식(Park Ju-Sik) 한국체육과학회 2006 한국체육과학회지 Vol.15 No.1

The purpose of this study was to identify the BMI and health related physical fitness according the elementary school students who had been trained Taekwondo and Hapkido. Participants were 4th. and 5th grade elementary students who had been trained Taekwondo and Hapkido in a metropolitan area training center. Ninety eight male trainee (54 Taekwondo, 44 Hapkido) were devided into three groups by training period (under 1 year, 1-2years, more than 2 years). The assessment provided following results. 1) In the area of training type, in BMI, back muscle strength, and standing long jump, Hapkido trainees showed meaningfully higher result (p<.01), In hand grip strength and flexibility tests, Taekwondo trainees showed significantly higher result. 2) In the area of training period, in sit up test, more than 2 years group showed significantly higher result than under 1 year group and 1-2 years group (p<.01). In side-step test, more than 2 years group showed significantly higher result than under 1 year group (p<.05). 3) Comparison of training type and training period, only sit-up test showed statistically significant result (p<.05). Analyses of sit-up test by training type and period, Taekwondo trainee showed more than 2 years group showed significantly higher result (p<.001, p<.01).