악하부에 발생한 Progressive Transformation of Germinal Centers: 증례보고

박수원,장수미,김동율,손장호,조영철,성일용,Park, Su-Won,Jang, Soo-Mi,Kim, Dong-Yul,Son, Jang-Ho,Cho, Yeong-Cheol,Sung, Iel-Yong 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2011 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.33 No.4

Progressive transformation of germinal centers (PTGC) is mostly a disease of young adults and it presents as unexplained, asymptomatic, localized or generalized lymphadenopathy that is usually persistent or recurrent over a period of many years. PTGCs are larger than regular germinal centers and they contain a variable proportion of small mantle zone lymphocytes and so they become progressively transformed and they may result in the loss of clear demarcation between them and the mantle zone. PTGC may resemble the nodules of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease (NLPHD) and it may be mistaken for NLPHD. Histological and immunohistochemical studies are helpful in differentiating these diseases. Because of the relatively frequent recurrences of PTGC, follow-up and repeat biopsy are indicated. Although PTGC is not considered to be a premalignant condition, PTGC may occur prior to, concurrent with or following NLPHD. This emphasizes the need for ongoing follow-up and repeat biopsy. Although PTGC is reported in 3.5% to 10% of the cases of chronic nonspecific lymphadenopathy, oral & maxillofacial surgeons are not widely aware of this condition and its clinical implications. Herein, we present a case of PTGC. A 24-year-old male without any history of immunodeficiency or autoimmune disease was admitted to the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial surgery at Ulsan University Hospital for evaluation of a right submandibular swelling. He had another mass on the right thigh that was noticed about 1 year ago. The submandibular lesion was completely resected and biopsied. The histological findings and immunohistochemical stains (CD3, CD15, CD20, CD30, CD57, BCL-2, EMA) were consistent with PTGC. He was followed up without any other complaints for 9 months.

경찰관 진로희망 고등학생의 목표내용과 삶의 의미 간 관계: 사회공헌목표의 매개효과

박수원(Park, Soo Won),최병호(Choi, Boung Ho) 경찰대학 경찰학연구편집위원회 2020 경찰학연구 Vol.20 No.1

경찰관 진로를 희망하는 청소년이 어떠한 목표내용을 추구하는지, 그리고 이러한 목표내용이 삶의 의미와 어떠한 관계를 가지는지 확인하는 것은 미래경찰 인력의 특성에 대한 청사진을 그리게 해줄 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 신임경찰관 교육에서 어떤 교육적 철학과 목표를 세워야 하는지에 대한 실마리를 제공해줄 수 있다. 본 연구는 경찰관으로의 진로를 희망하는 고등학생을 대상으로 다른 직업(교사, 군인, 공무원, 회사원, 의사, 법관) 진로를 추구하는 고등학생에 비해 목표내용(부, 명예, 사회공헌)에 있어서 어떠한 차이를 보이는지를 확인하였다. 또한 경찰관 진로희망 청소년이 추구하는 사회공헌목표내용이 삶의 의미와 어떤 연관을 가지는지를 종단적으로 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 경찰관 진로희망 고등학생들은 부목표나 명예목표에 있어서는 차이를 보이지 않았지만, 사회공헌목표에 있어서는 다른 진로희망(교사, 공무원, 회사원) 고등학생에 비해 사회공헌목표를 높게 추구하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 사회공헌목표는 진로희망과 삶의 의미 추구 및 삶의 의미 확인 간 관계를 완전 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는, 경찰관 진로를 희망하는 것이 사회공헌목표와 밀접한 연관을 가지고 사회공헌 인식이 높아야 삶의 의미증진을 이끌 수 있음을 시사한다. 나아가, 경찰 양성의 과정에서 사회공헌목표를 추구하고 실현할 수 있는 사회적 분위기와 체제를 형성할 필요가 있음을 보여준다. Examining goal contents and its relationships with meaning of life among high school students who have desired career as a police officer would not only serve to shed light on the blueprint of future human resources of police officers, but also suggest the direction of what is needed to develop educational environment for developing their professions. The current study examined if there is any differences between steudents who have desired carrer as police officer and who pursue different careers (police officer, teacher, soldier, public official, corporate staff, doctor, judge), in terms of goal contents (wealth, fame, social concern). In addition, the longitudinal relationship between social concern goals and life meaning of adolescents desiring a career as a police officer was examined. High school students have desired career as a police officer pursued socially concerned goals, more so than those of other careers (teacher, public official, corporate staff). Also, social concern goals fully mediated the relationship between pursuing a career as a police officer and the meaning of life (search and presence). These results exhibited that pursuing a career as a police officer is closely related to social concerns goals, which is also related with life meaning. Establishing social environment and educational systems for pursuing socially concerned goals is needed in the development process for future police officers.

전자코를 사용하여 할랄식품 적용을 위한 고추장 중 에탄올 분석

박수원(Su Won Park),심유신(You Sin Sim),최진영(Jin Young Choi),박은영(Eun Young Park),노봉수(Bong Soo Noh) 한국식품과학회 2016 한국식품과학회지 Vol.48 No.3

본 연구에서는 할랄 인증을 위한 고추장 중 에탄올 분석 시 1차 스크리닝 절차로서 전자코가 적용 가능한지를 알아보고자 하였다. 먼저 공인된 알코올 분석법인 GC-FID를 사용하여 25개의 재래식 고추장을 분석한 결과 모든 고추장에서 에탄올이 검출되었으며 그 함량은 0.14-2.7%이었다. 이 중 8개 고추장을 선별하여 전자코 분석한 결과, 에탄올 함량이 비슷한 고추장끼리 유사한 패턴을 나타내는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 시판 고추장 2개를 대상으로 전자코 분석을 통해 할랄 인증기관이 요구하는 에탄올 기준을 준수하는지를 1차적으로 신속하게 스크리닝이 가능함을 확인하였다. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the electronic nose can be applied as a primary screening procedure to detect ethanol in gochujang for halal certification. First, ethanol content in 25 traditional gochujang was measured by gas chromatography with flame ion detector, widely accepted as the conventional method of alcohol detection. The content ranged from 0.14 to 2.7%. Then, 8 gochujangs selected from among the initial 25 samples were analyzed by electronic nose. Similar ethanol content patterns were observed between the two detection methods. In addition, commercial gochujang products were examined by electronic nose to ensure that they complied with the required ethanol standard of the halal certification authority. Consequently, it was confirmed that electronic nose analysis can be applied as a primary screening method for halal certification.

임플란트 식립 부위의 골밀도 평가에 관한 연구

박수원(Su-Won Park),장수미(Soo-Mi Jang),최병환(Byoung-Hwan Choi),손한나(Han-Na Son),박봉찬(Bong-chan Park),김창환(Chang-Hwan Kim),손장호(Jang-Ho Son),성일용(Iel-Yong Sung),이지호(Ji-Ho Lee),조영철(Yeong-Cheol Cho) 대한구강악안면외과학회 2010 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.36 No.5

Introduction: Bone density is one of the important factors for the long term success of endosseous implants. The bone density varies from site to site and from patient to patient. A preoperative evaluation of the bone density is quite useful to oral surgeons for planning dental implantation. More accurate information on the bone density will help surgeons identify suitable implant sites, thereby increase the success rate of dental implantation. This study examined the correlation between the bone density measured preoperatively by computed tomography (CT) and the implant primary stability measured by resonance frequency analysis. Furthermore, the effects of the implant sites, gender, age and generalized systemic disorder patients on the bone density and primary implant stability were examined. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fourteen patients were selected. None of the patients had undergone a tooth extraction or bone graft history in the previous year. Preoperatively, the patients underwent CT scanning to evaluate the Hounsfield unit (HU), and resonance frequency analysis(RFA) was used to evaluate the implant primary stability at the time of implant installation. All implants were 4.0 mm diameter and 11.5 mm length US II. All patients were recorded and the HU and implant stability quotient (ISQ) value were evaluated according to the sites, gender and age. Results: The highest HU values were found in the mandibular anterior site (827.6±151.4), followed by the mandibular molar site (797±135.1), mandibular premolar site (753.8±171.2), maxillary anterior site (726.3±154.4), maxillary premolar site (656.7±173.8) and maxillary molar site (621.5±164.9). The ISQ value was the highest in the mandibular premolar site (81.5±2.4) followed by the mandibular molar site (80.0±5.7), maxillary anterior site (77.4±4.1), mandibular anterior site (76.4±11.9), maxillary premolar site (74.2±14.3) and maxillary molar site (73.7±7.4). The mean HU and ISQ value were similar in females and males. (HU: P=0.331, ISQ: P=0.595) No significant difference was also found in the age group respectively. However, the correlation coefficients between the variables showed a closed correlation between the HU and ISQ value. Conclusion: These results showed close correlation between the bone density (HU) and primary stability value (ISQ) at the time of implant installation(Correlation coefficients=0.497, P<0.01). These results strengthen the hypothesis that it might be possible to predict and quantify the initial implant stability and bone density from a presurgical CT diagnosis.

Schwannoma in the maxillary sinus and buccal space: Case report

최병환,박수원,손장호,조영철,성일용,변기정,김영민,Choi, Byung-Hwan,Park, Soo-Won,Son, Jang-Ho,Cho, Yeong-Cheol,Sung, Iel-Yong,Byun, Ki-Jung,Kim, Young-Min The Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial S 2009 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.35 No.6

Schwannomas are tumors which originate from the neuroectodermal Schwann cell of cranial, intraspinal, peripheral and autonomic nerve sheaths, and they are solitary, benign, slow growing and well encapsulated neoplasm. Schwannomas are usually asymptomatic. No strong gender or age predominance exists. The incidence of extracranial schwannomas in the head and the neck region varies from 25~45%. In addition, schwannomas are rare in the maxillary sinus or buccal space. In this paper, it diagnosed and treated a 54-years old female patient, who had schwannoma in the maxillary sinus derived from infraorbital nerves, the branch of the left trigeminal nerve, and a 19-years old male patient, who had schwannoma arose in the buccal space derived from the buccal branch of the right facial nerve. There was no particular complication except sensory extinction of the nerve in the female patient and paralysis by the nerve in the male patient. It is determined those two cases of schwannoma in the rare portion is valuable and herein, it reports those with literature discussions.

하악골 양측 하악지 시상분할 골절단술 후 흡수성 고정의 안정성에 관한 연구

최병환,박수원,장수미,손한나,박봉찬,손장호,조영철,성일용,Choi, Byoung-Hwan,Park, Su-Won,Jang, Soo-Mi,Son, Han-Na,Park, Bong-Chan,Son, Jang-Ho,Cho, Yeong-Cheol,Sung, Iel-Yong 대한구강악안면외과학회 2010 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.36 No.4

Introduction: To evaluate the skeletal stability after a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) setback of the mandible fixed with a biodegradable internal fixation device or metal internal fixation device. Materials and Methods: Thirty consecutive patients underwent mandibular setback via BSSO. Fifteen patients were fixed with a biodegradable internal fixation device or metal internal fixation device respectively. Posteroanterior (PA) and lateral cephalograms were taken preoperatively and at two days, 5.5 months and 14.5 months postoperatively. The relevant skeletal points were traced and digitized to evaluate the skeletal changes postoperatively. The relapse rates were analyzed and compared statistically. Results: There was no statistically significant differences in postoperative stability between the two groups.(P<0.05) Conclusion: The biodegradable internal fixation device may make an effective device alternative to a metal internal fixation device for setback BSSO.

컴퓨터 영상을 이용한 임플란트 식립부위의 골밀도와 조직학적 연구

손장호,최병환,박수원,조영철,성일용,이지호,변기정,Son, Jang-Ho,Choi, Byung-Hwan,Park, Soo-Won,Cho, Yeong-Cheol,Sung, Iel-Yong,Lee, Ji-Ho,Byun, Ki-Jung 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2009 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.31 No.2

Bone density in the recipient implant site seems to be an important factor for long term success of endosseous implants. Preoperative evaluation of bone density is very helpful to assist the clinician with the treatment planning of implant therapy. Accurate information on bone density will help the surgeon identify suitable implant sites, thereby improving the success rate of the procedure. Purpose; The aim of this study was to evaluate a correlation between bone density measured preoperatively with computerized tomography and histologically measured bone density by bone biopsy. Patients and methods; Twenty seven patients were selected. All the patients were in good health, with no systemic disorder and additional bone graft. Preoperatively the patients underwent CT scanning to evaluate Houmsfield Unit(HU). Each patients wore a surgical template for implant placement. During surgery 2mm in diameter and 6mm in length specimens were taken. Histomorphometric analysis was performed using digitalized image analysis software Axiovision 4.3. Also, the Resonance frequency analysis(RFA) and insertion torque values were recorded. Results; The highest histomorphometric values was found in the posterior mandible $32.3{\pm}3.8$, followed by $29.9{\pm}2.6$ for the posterior maxilla, $29.4{\pm}2.6$ for the anterior maxilla, $28.6{\pm}2.3$ for the anterior mandible(p=0.214). The hounsfield unit was $989.2{\pm}258.1$ in the posterior mandible, $845.0{\pm}241.5$ in the anterior maxilla, $744.5{\pm}92.6$ in the anterior mandible, $697.3{\pm}136.9$ in the posterior maxilla(p=0.045). This results may suggest that there are strong correlation between the histomorphometric values and hounsfield unit(r=0.760, p<0.05). The RF measurements were $81.9{\pm}2.4$ ISQ in the posterior mandible, $79.0{\pm}1.4$ ISQ in the anterior mandible, $78.3{\pm}4.6$ ISQ in the posterior maxilla, $76.5{\pm}5.0$ ISQ in the anterior maxilla(p=0.048). The insertion torque values was $43.2{\pm}4.2\;Ncm$ in the posterior mandible, $42.0{\pm}0.0\;Ncm$ in the anterior mandible, $41.3{\pm}4.1\;Ncm$ in the posterior maxilla, $40.8{\pm}3.8\;Ncm$ in the anterior maxilla(p=0.612). This results may suggest that there are statistical significance between the hounsfield unit and the insertion torque values(r=0.494, p<0.05), the histomorphometric values and the insertion torque values(r=0.689, p<0.05). But there was no correlation between histomorphometric values and ISQ. There was no statistical significance in age and gender effect on parameters. Conclusions; There was significant correlations between bone density and implant stability parameters. The bone density measurements using preoperative CT may help clinicians to predict primary stability before implant insertion, which is associated with implant survival rates.

세무조사의 법인세 추가징수세액에 관한 고찰

정영기 ( Young Kee Chung ),박수원 ( Soo Won Park ) 순천향대학교 사회과학연구소 2004 사회과학연구 Vol.10 No.3

다문화 청소년의 다문화수용성, 성취동기 및 진로결정성의 종단적 상호관계

박정심 ( Jeong Shim Park ),박수원 ( Soo Won Park ),이아람 ( Ahram Lee ) 미래를 여는 청소년학회 2022 미래청소년학회지 Vol.19 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 다문화 청소년이 지각하는 다문화수용성, 성취동기, 진로결정성이 종단적으로 어떤 관계를 갖는지 확인하는 것이다. 이를 위하여, 한국청소년정책연구원에서 수집한 다문화 청소년 패널조사 자료 중에서 중학교 1학년부터 고등학교 2학년까지 총 5차 연도에 걸쳐 수집된 다문화 청소년 1,197명의 데이터를 자기회귀교차지연 모형을 적용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 다문화 청소년이 지각하는 다문화수용성, 성취동기, 진로결정성 모두 5년이라는 시간의 변화에도 불구하고 안정적인 양상을 보였다. 변인 간의 관계를 확인한 결과, 다문화수용성과 성취동기, 성취동기와 진로결정성은 서로 정적인 상호관계를 맺는 것으로 확인되었다. 그러나 다문화수용성과 진로결정성은 상호적 관계를 맺지 않았는데, 다문화수용성이 성취동기를 매개로 진로결정성을 정적으로 예측하였으며, 진로결정성은 다문화수용성을 정적으로 예측하였다. 이러한 연구결과는 다문화 청소년이 지각하는 다문화수용성이 성취동기와 진로결정성에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있으며, 상호 간의 정적영향을 통해 종단적으로 그 효과가 유지되고 축적될 수 있음을 보여준다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 교육 현장에서 다문화 청소년들의 다문화수용성, 성취동기 및 진로결정성을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안 모색의 필요성에 대해 제언하였다. The current study investigated the longitudinal relations among multicultural acceptability, achievement motivation, and career determination perceived by the multicultural youth. The 5-year panel data of 1,197 multicultural youths, from their first year of middle school to the second year of high school, collected by the National Youth Policy Institute of Korea were analyzed using an autoregressive cross-lagged model. The results of the analysis found that multicultural acceptability, achievement motivation, and career determination of the multicultural youth showed stable patterns despite the 5 year time span. When examining the relations among the variables, it was confirmed that there were positive interrelations between multicultural acceptability and achievement motivation, and between achievement motivation and career determination. Multicultural acceptability and career determination did not have a reciprocal relationship, but multicultural acceptability positively predicted career determination through achievement motivation, and career determination positively predicted multicultural acceptability. These findings show that multicultural acceptability of the multicultural youth can have a positive effect on their achievement motivation and career determination, and that the effect can be maintained and accumulated longitudinally based on the positive interrelations among the variables. Based on these results, the need to foster multicultural acceptability, achievement motivation, and career determination of the multicultural youth in the field of educational was suggested.

SolvencyⅡ를 적용한 생명보험 상품의 수익성 측정에 관한 연구

오창수 ( Chang Su Ouh ),박수원 ( Soo Won Park ) 한국계리학회 2012 계리학연구 Vol.4 No.2

최근 보험업감독규정의 개정으로 보험료 산출 방식은 기존의 3이원방식에서 현금흐름 방식(CFP;Cash-Flow Pricing)으로 전환되고 있다. 현금흐름방식에서는 이자율, 사업비율, 위험률이외에도 투자수익률, 해지율, 지급여력 등의 계리적 요인과 계약자구성(성별, 연령별), 판매규모 등의 마케팅 요인 등 다양한 기초율을 최적기초율로 적용하고 있다. 최적기초율로 장래 현금흐름을 생성하여 보험료를 산출하고, 장래 현금흐름을 기초로 상품의 수익성 분석을 통해 회사가 원하는 목표 달성 가능 여부를 판단하여 보험료를 결정하는 프로세스를 거치고 있다. 본 연구에서는 수익성 분석을 위한 측정지표로 Profit Margin을 적용하였고, 수익성 측정시 자본비용의 적용 방법을 한국의 기존 EU식 지급여력제도인 SolvencyⅠ, RBC제도, 현재 EU에서 논의중인 SolvencyⅡ를 적용하여 수익성이 어떻게 변하는지 비교 분석해보았다. 이 연구의 분석결과를 정리해 보면, 첫째 종신보험, 건강보험의 수익성은 자본비용을 기존 EU식 지급여력제도인 SolvencyⅠ을 적용할 경우 보다 RBC제도로 적용할 경우 다소 줄어드는 것으로 나타나고, 현재 EU에서 논의중인 SolvencyⅡ 방식을 적용할 경우에는 수익성이 크게 줄어드는 것을 알 수 있었다. 두 번째로 SolvencyⅡ 방식을 적용한 수익성은 건강보험(암보험) 상품이 종신보험 상품보다 좀더 줄어듬을 알 수 있었다. 이는 건강보험의 보험금지급률이 높아 종신보험 보다 수익성이 낮은 상태에서 SolvencyⅡ에서는 생명보험 언더라이팅 리스크 측정시 장해/질병리스크가 추가되는 등 세부적으로 다양하게 측정하고 보다 강화된 요건으로 측정하기 때문이다.현재 우리나라에서는 RBC제도를 지급여력제도로 적용하고 있어 수익성 측정시 RBC 제도 기준으로 자본비용을 반영하고 있으나, 우리나라에서도 국제적 기준의 자본비용을 반영한 수익성을 측정해볼 필요가 있으며 이러한 값이 회사에서 상품개발시 장기적으로 고려해야 하는 실질 수익성으로 볼 수 있을 것이다. 지급여력제도는 EU에서 논의중인 SolvencyⅡ제도 수준으로 점차 강화될 가능성이 있으므로 수익성 측정요건을 현 수준에서 보다 강화할 필요가 있다. 또한 상품판매를 위한 상품 포트폴리오 정책 수립시 규제자본의 변화를 고려하여 수익성을 제고하는 전략을 마련하는 것이 필요하다고 하겠다. Recently pricing method is being switched to CFP(Cash Flow Pricing) under revision of insurance supervision regulation. Under CFP, other than interest rate, expense ratio and mortality/morbidity rate, various assumptions are applied as best estimate assumption, for example marketing factors such as policy holders`portfolio(sex, age), sum insured and volume, as well as actuarial factors such as investment return rate, lapse rate and solvency capital requirement. Setting premium goes through the process of calculating premium by generating future cash flow using best estimate assumption and considering feasibility of the business target through profit margin analysis of the products, based on future cash flow. For the studies, profit margin was used as a measurement for profitability analysis. And to measure profitability, profitability changes were compared in each case using SolvencyⅠ which is previous Korean EU method, RBC, and SolvencyⅡ which is under discussion at EU at the moment. To sum up the results of the studies, first of all, applying RBC lowers profitability for wholelife insurance and health insurance compared to applying SolvencyⅠ which is previous EU method. Also, when applied SolvencyⅡ which is under EU discussion at the moment, it shows profitability gets worse. Secondly, under solvencyⅡ profitability for health insurance(cancer insurance) products are a little lessen compared to profitability for wholelife insurance products. This is because the ratio of claim paid is higher for health insurance, which leads lower profit compared to the wholelife insurance product, and furthermore, it is more detailed and strict when measuring life underwriting risk under SolvencyⅡ, for example considering disability/morbidity risk as well. In Korea, RBC method is used at the moment and capital cost under RBC criteria is considered for profit measure. However, we need to measure profits which reflectscapital cost under international standard and these numbers could be real profits which might be taken into account in the long term in developing products. Also, since solvency margin regulation tends to be getting stricter to SolvencyⅡ which is under EU discussion, it might be needed to reinforce the current profit measure conditions. Additionally, the strategies for raising profits considering changes in capital regulation might be necessary when making product portfolio policy for sales.