Tuning Dielectric Constant of P3HT by Ultrasound-Induced Aggregation

박병남 대한금속·재료학회 2024 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.62 No.4

Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), a semiconducting polymer, is integral to the development oforganic electronic devices. Its optoelectronic properties are significantly influenced by the nature of itsintermolecular interactions, predominantly classified as J-type and H-type couplings. This study investigatesthe effect of sonication on the dielectric properties of P3HT, focusing on the transition from J-type (or lessprominent H-type) to H-type intermolecular interactions, accompanied by disorder-order transformation. Theresearch determined that sonication leads to a significant change in the dielectric properties of P3HT byforming distinct ordered regions interspersed within disordered or quasi-ordered areas. Specifically, there isan observable transition from J-type to H-type aggregation, which has profound effects on the material'selectronic structure and optoelectronic performance. This transition was confirmed by changes in theabsorption and photoluminescence spectra, indicating a more localized electronic character and the formationof non-emissive excitons in the case of H-aggregates. Increased dielectric constant after sonication isattributed to interface polarization, especially the Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars polarization. This effect is likelybecause new interfaces are created between the ordered regions and disordered/quasi-ordered regions withinthe P3HT material, where charges can accumulate as a result of disorder-order transformation. Our researchcontributes to the broader understanding of polymer physics and the development of organic electronic devicesby showing how the manipulation of microstructural environments can control material properties.

직류마그네트론 스펏터링법으로 성장시킨 TiN 확산방지막의 열적 안정성

박병남,박상준,최시영 경북대학교 전자기술연구소 2001 電子技術硏究誌 Vol.22 No.1

TiN thin films designed as a diffusion barrier for Cu metalization were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering method. The electrical properties and subsequent annealing effects were investigated to obtain an optimized TiN thin films. TiN films were deposited under the combined conditions of substrate temperature range of 200 - 400℃ and the N₂ partial pressure 2, 6, 10 mTorr. The low pressure annealing was performed at the temperature range of 500 - 900℃. The results analyzed by 4-point probe, XRD, and AES depth profiling of compositions indicated inter-diffusion of Cu and Si.

Surfactant Composition Dependent Evolution of Electronic/Structural Properties of P3HT Nanoparticle Colloids Synthesized via Mini-Emulsion Technique

박병남 대한금속·재료학회 2024 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.62 No.4

This study investigates the influence of surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) concentration onthe size and optoelectronic properties of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized viathe mini-emulsion technique. P3HT NPs were fabricated with varying SDS concentrations. The sizedependent optoelectronic properties, including the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowestunoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels, were analyzed through photoelectron spectroscopy in air, UVVisabsorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. A clear trend of decreasing NP size with increasing SDSconcentration was observed. Higher SDS levels resulted in smaller NPs with enhanced pi-pi stacking andshorter conjugation lengths. This structural change led to a noticeable shift in HOMO and LUMO levels,indicating a direct correlation between surfactant concentration and the electronic properties of the P3HTNPs. The absorption spectra revealed a decrease in the A0-0/A0-1 ratio with smaller NP size, suggesting atransition towards more pronounced H-aggregate characteristics. As the size of the P3HT NPs decreases,there is a notable increase in H-aggregate formation. This increase can be attributed to enhanced interchaininteractions between the polymer chains. In smaller NPs, the surface area-to-volume ratio is higher, leadingto more significant interactions between adjacent polymer chains. These interactions promote the formationof H-aggregates, characterized by their interchain pi-pi stacking, which differs from the intrachain couplingobserved in J-aggregates.

印刷工業의 中·長期 發展對策

朴柄南 경기대학교경영대학원 1993 最高經營者課程 經營硏究 Vol.7 No.-

경락마사지가 중년여성의 스트레스와 뇌활성에 미치는 영향

박병남,홍성균 한국피부과학연구원 2016 아시안뷰티화장품학술지 Vol.14 No.1

Purpose: If our nerve cells are in a state of excitement because of internal and external reasons, secreted hormones, such as adrenaline, increase alertness and stress in brain. Thus, we aimed to investigate effects of meridian massage on stress and brain activation of middle-aged women. Methods: There is still a lack of previous studies on meridian massage though it is widely used by researchers. So, we estimated electroencephalogram (EEG) before and after meridian massage targeting middle-aged women from February 2015. Results: The EEG results of the post-test are below. First, there was a significant effect of reducing the stress level in the middle-aged women using meridian massage (p<.05). Second, there was a significant effect of reducing variation in brain activation of a middle-aged women using meridian massage (p<.001). Conclusion: We demonstrated that meridian massage had effects on stress and brain activation of middle-aged women. 목적: 내·외적인 이유로 신경세포가 과도하게 흥분상태가 되면, 아드레날린과 같은 호르몬 분비로 인해 뇌조직의 각성도와 스트레스가 증가하게 된다. 따라서, 본 연구는 경락마사지를 이용한 중년여성의 스트레스 및 뇌활성의 변화를 규명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 방법: 녹경락마사지는 널리 보급되어 있지만 아직 선행연구가 부족한 실정이다. 그래서 본 연구자는 2015년 2월부터 중년여성들을대상으로 경락마사지 적용 전후 뇌파 측정을 실시하였다. 결과: 사후검사에 따른 뇌파 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 경락마사지를 이용한 중년여성의 스트레스 정도 감소에 유의한 효과가있었다(p<.05). 둘째, 경락마사지를 이용한 중년여성의 뇌활성 감소 변화에 유의한 효과가 있었다(p<.001.) 결론: 경락마사지가 중년여성의 스트레스 및 뇌활성에 효과가 있음을 증명하였다.

허혈성 심질환자의 질병관련지식, 불안 및 환자역할행위 이행과의 관계

박병남,김용순,현명선,유문숙,Park, Boung-Nam,Kim, Young-Soon,Hyun, Moung-Seon,Yoo, Moon-Sook 한국중환자간호학회 2009 중환자간호학회지 Vol.2 No.2

Purpose: This study is to provide effective care to each individual with myocardial ischemia by finding out how the patient's knowledge related to the disease and anxiety level affect his/her compliance of patient role behavior. Methods: The subjects of study were 100 patients diagnosed as ischemic heart disease at a university hospital located in Gyeonggi Province. The data were collected from May 19, 2008 to August 30, 2008. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was done using a structured questionnaires. Results: The average score of knowledge level about myocardial ischemia was $22.24\pm5.07$(out of 31), anxiety level was $54.68\pm9.15$(out of 80), and compliance of patient role behavior was $34.28\pm6.00$(out of 50). A significant correlation between the patient's level of knowledge and his/her compliance of patient role behavior was found(r=0.239 p=0.017). The patients who are females, singles, without occupation, have a long term being diagnosed, under-educated, tend to be excellent in their compliance. Conclusion: The patient with a higher level of knowledge is better in his/her compliance of patient role behavior. Therefore, it is suggested that we need to develop nursing intervention to increase knowledge level as well as consistent educational support.

전해도금법을 이용한 구리 박막의 성장 및 열처리 효과

朴炳男,최시영,姜炫在 대한전자공학회 2003 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.40 No.10

Copper thin films were deposited on a Cu/Ta/Si substrate using the electroplating technique. Deposition rate was about 200 nm/min in proportion to current density and in inverse proportion to flow rate. Resistivity of copper thin film was approximately 2.1 μΩ㎝ and Int(111)/Int(200) ratio of copper film was 5.4 and no significant impurities were detected. After the deposition, electroplating copper films were annealed at various temperatures in a background pressure of 10-3 torr. The resistivity of copper thin films were improved by ~17 % and texture was improved by ~40 % after annealing at 170 ℃. The stress in films was not reduced much after annealing below 170 ℃. 본 연구는 Cu/Ta/Si 기판 위에 전해 도금법으로 성장 시킨 구리 박막을 성장 시켰다. 성장 속도는 음극 전류 밀도에 비례하고, 용액의 유량에 반비례하였다. 성장된 구리 박막의 저항률은 약 2.1 μΩ㎝ 이었고, Int(111)/Int(200) 비는 5.4였으며, 박막내에 불순물은 발견 되지 않았다. 성막후에 10-3 torr의 진공 중에서 온도를 변화해 가면서 열처리를 수행하였다. 열처리후에 저항률은 17 %, 결정성은 40 %의 향상을 보였으며 170 ℃ 까지는 박막의 스트레스는 변화가 없었다.

응급병동 72시간 이상 재원일수 관리

박병남,장도숙,유영숙,이미화,정제현,안으미,강영숙,유혜연,박미미,조준필,정윤석,김기운,박영희,임종욱 한국의료QA학회 2008 가을학술대회 Vol.2008 No.3

급성기 노인 입원 환자의 자기효능감과 가족지지가 우울에 미치는 영향

박병남,박진희,Park, Byung Nam,Park, Jin-Hee 한국가정간호학회 2014 가정간호학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and the predictors of depression in elderly patients admitted to hospital. Methods: A sample of 157 subjects aged 65 and over was selected from a university hospital in Korea. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires during the period from April to August 2012. The data were analyzed using t-tests, ANOVAs, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regressions with the SPSS/Win program. Results: The prevalence of depression was 54.8%; the mean score for depression was 17.30. Depression in elderly patients had a significant correlation with age, educational level, marital status, and perceived economy level from the demographic characteristics, self-efficacy, and family support. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that a combination of self-efficacy and family support accounted for 27% of the depression in elderly patients. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that programs designed to effectively prevent and manage depression among elderly patients should consider variables such as self-efficacy and family support.

Copper 확산방지막으로서의 titanium nitride의 열적 안정성 연구

박병남,이종현,최시영 한국진공학회 1998 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.- No.-