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      • KCI등재후보

        필리핀의 여성복지정책과 여성의 규정성

        문은영,최동주 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구소 2003 아시아여성연구 Vol.42 No.-

        최근 들어 세계 각국에서의 여성복지에 대한 정책은 대체로 UN과 세계여성대회의 여성정책과 같은 맥락으로 진행되어 왔다. 그럼에도 각 국가에서 여성복지정책에서 나타나는 경향이 다양한 것은 경제수준 및 정치적 안정과 더불어 성별분업구조를 강조하는 가부장제적 이데올로기가 다르게 작용하고 있기 때문이다. 즉 각 사회에서의 남성중심의 가부장제 가치관은 다른 환경요인 하에서 여성복지정책에 다르게 영향을 미쳐왔다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 경향으로 나타나고 있는 여성복지정책의 근원적인 원인에 대해 문제를 제기하며, 아시아권에서도 유교권이 아닌 필리핀의 사례를 집중 분석해 보고자 한다. 필리핀 여성들은 높은 교육열과 더불어 행정관리직과 전문직 참여 비율에 있어 다른 아시아 지역의 여성들에 비해 높은 수치를 나타내어 진취적이고 적극적인 여성의 사회활동 참여의 일면을 보여주고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 남녀의 역할을 구분하는 가부장제적 가족주의는 여성문제에 여전히 성차별적으로 작용되고 있고 심각한 빈곤 문제는 여성의 실질적인 지위 개선에 장애가 되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 필리핀에서의 여성의 규정성에 영향을 미치는 사회구조적 요인이 과연 무엇인지에 대한 문제의식을 갖고 그 규정성이 여성복지정책에 어떻게 반영되어 나타나고 필리핀이 가지고 있는 특수한 환경하에서 여성복지정책이 어떠한 방향으로 나아가고 있는가를 분석하여 한국의 여성복지정책 구상을 위한 기초자료를 마련코자 하는데 목적이 있다. Recently, the policies for women's welfare of many nations have been progressing in the same direction as the women's policies of the U.N. and the International Women's Conference in general. Nevertheless, the reason why various trends of welfare policies for women are visible in each nation is because the patriarchal ideology stressing the gender role, along with other factors such as the economic level and political stability, is expressed differently in each nation. In other words, the male-centered, patriarchal viewpoints of each society have been influencing the nation in different ways under various environmental factor. Thus, this study wishes to provide fundamental explanations for the various trends that are apparentin welfare policies for women, concentrating its analysis particularly on the case studies of Philippine, a non-Confucian nation within the Asian domain. Philippine women tend to have higher educational goals and a higher rate of involvement in administrative and professional work field, compared to other Asian nations. This is only an aspect of Philippine women's progressive and active participation in various social activities. Nonetheless, the patriarchal family system which clearly differentiates the gender roles still seems to have a great impact on women's issues in terms of gender discrimination, and it is a current tendency that the issue of severe poverty in Philippine is hindering the actual improvement of women's social status. This study, hence, tried to understand the social structural factors that are influencing the provisions for women in Philippine. By analyzing how these provisions are expressed in women's welfare policies and how women's welfare policies are shaped up under the influence of Philippine's unique environment, this study hopes to prepare a basic data that could be useful in building the welfare policies for Korean women. Basically, it could be said that the characteristics and the influences of women's welfare policies of each nation are developed differently based on how women are identified in each nation. And, such a provision on women is formed according to the nation's various social cultural and economical factors. In evaluating women's welfare policies, the gender role and the gender identity that are either directly or indirectly and reinforces within the society and the family should be most critically discussed. Therefore, the provisions for women in this study were understood in terms of women's gender role and gender identity that are exposed in the process of establishing a policy. This study also tried to support its findings from documentary records by field studies and actual interviews with directors and researchers who are in charge of Philippine women's policies.

      • 중학생 흡연수용태도와 흡연경험여부에 영향하는 요인

        문은영,윤평복,이상희A,최혜옥 고신대학교 전인간호과학연구소 2002 전인간호과학연구 학술모음집 Vol.- No.-

        Many studies have been conducted about the influence of smoking on the body and the mind of a human. Most smokers smoke continuously in spite of the harm of smoking and warnings by researchers. There is recently an increase in adolescent smokers resulting in serious injury' to physical and mental health. The reason why smokers continue to smoke and smoke at an incresingly early age has not come to light yet. Thus this study made an attempt to understand factors affecting the smoking accommodation attitude and experience of middle school students. This study selected the factors of home environmental status, self-concept and health locus of control and tested their relationship to the smoking accommodation attitude and experience of middle school students. To this purpose, 251 students (102 boys, 149 girls) in a middle school located in Busan were sampled. The study method was by questionnaire using the home environmental status, self-concept test made by Kim, the multidimensional health locus of control scale developed by Wallston & Wallston and the attitude measurement tool for smoking developed by Ji In-Soon(1989). The period for data collection was from the 3rd to 8th of September, 2000. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, x²-tesr, t-test and logistic regression. The results of the study are as follows: 1. Among 251 students(102 boys, 149 girls), 94 boys(92.2%) had attitude of accepting smoking, and 144 girls(96.6%) were experienced in smoking. 2. Relatively boys showed acceptive and girls showed negative attitude about smoking. Boys showed more acceptive attitude about smoking scene of picture media and smoking of man. Girls showed more negative attitude about fixing a zone of no smoking and the neccessity of no smoking movement and smoking of fure spouse than boys. Especially boys were more positive. 3. As the result of analyzing the relation between smoking attitude and home environmental status, self-concept and health locus of control, the boys related their smoking attitude to their father and mother's education and social self- concept. The girls related their the negative rearing attitude of their parents, total self-concept and chance locus of control. 4. As the result of analyzing the relation between smoking experience and home environmental status, self-concept and health locus of control, the boys related their father's job, broken family, brother's smoking and smoking attitude. The girls related their mother's job, broken family, sister's smoking, monthly pocket money, moral self-concept and smoking attitude. 5. As the result of analyzing the factor of smoking attitude, the boys related their, social self-concept and the girls related their total self concept, chance locus of control, moral self concept. 6. As the result of analyzing the factor of smoking experience, the boys related their, broken family, brother's smoking, smoking attitude and the girls related their broken family, sisther's smoking, monthly pocket money, moral self-concept and smoking attitude. To summarize the above results, the middle school students were affected by smoking accommodation attitude and experience of their brother's smoking and broken family, smoking attitude, monthly pocket money and moral self-concept. Therefore these factors activated play an important role in determining the smoking at smoking cessation education.

      • KCI등재

        선거구획정의 접근방법에 대한 연구 : 기초의회 선거구획정 과정을 중심으로

        문은영 국회입법조사처 2020 입법과 정책 Vol.12 No.1

        Many problems have been raised constantly in the process of electoraldistricting of the Republic of Korea, but it is not easy to solve. A boundarycommission was established in the 4th national simultaneous local electionin 2006. Although Metropolitan cities and provinces council regulated electoraldistricting by their ordinance, every time there was an attempt that couldnot be made by ordinance. This was the same in the 7th local election. This article aims to analyze the process and problems of the boundarydelimitation in district representative of local council and to identifyareas in which it is desirable to find alternatives. Permanent and independent boundary commission would be desirable ifefficiency is sought to improve the real problems at the moment. Butin terms of the political influence or consequences that electoral districtingwill bring, it is necessary to examine them in the sphere of legislationrather than in the sphere of administration. 선거구획정에 대한 논란이 끊임없이 제기되고 있지만 그 해결이 쉽지 않은 것이 현실이다. 이 중 기초의회 선거에서는 중선거구제를 도입한 제4회 전국동시지방선거에서부터시・도에 선거구획정위원회를 설치해 조례로 획정을 하고 있으나, 매번 조례로 획정하지못하는 시・도가 존재하는데 이번 제7회 지방선거에서도 마찬가지였다. 이 글은 기초의회 선거구획정 과정과 문제점을 분석해 어느 영역에서 접근해 대안을 찾는 것이 바람직한 것인지 살펴보고자 한다. 당장의 현실적 문제점 개선을 위해 효율성을따진다면 상설・독립적인 선거구획정위원회를 통해 행정의 영역에서 신중한 검토를 할 수있지만 선거구획정이 가져올 정치적 영향력이나 결과에 대한 관점에서 행정의 영역으로단정 짓지 말고 입법의 영역에서 검토할 필요가 있다.

      • KCI등재

        북한이탈 여성의 커리어 발달과정에 관한 현상학적 연구: 프로티언 커리어(Protean career)를 중심으로

        문은영,가요한 한국기독교상담심리학회 2021 한국기독교상담학회지 Vol.32 No.4

        This study is to analyze the cases of North Korean female defectors who have been pursuing their Protean careers and to understand their experiences from the perspective of Protean career concept. In this article, Giorgi’s descriptive phenomenological analysis and Heideggar’s hermeneutic phenomenological method are used as research methods. As a result, fourteen central meanings, five themes, and one essential theme are derived. Five themes are ‘faithfulness to oneself’, ‘natural talent and continuous effort’, ‘high resilience to overcome trauma’, ‘mourning process of the past life’, and ‘discovery of meanings through spiritual growth’, and one essential theme is ‘the life following the Protean calling’. Participants had formed healthy self structure. Consequently, they could overcome trauma through resilience, mourn their past with forgiveness, reconciliation, and genuine gratitude, and to pursue a calling. Through these results, we suggested the effectiveness of object relational psychotherapy and Christian counseling. 본 연구는 북한이탈 여성들이 남한에서 경력을 추구했던 과정을 심층 분석하여 프로티언 커리어 관점에서 그들의 경험을 이해했다. 본 논문에서 사용한 연구방법은 Giorgi의 기술적 현상학 분석법과 Heidegger의 해석학적 현상학 방법이다. 연구결과, 14개의 중심의미와 5개의 주제, 1개의 본질적 주제가 도출되었다. 도출된 5가지의 주제는 ‘자신에 대한 신실함’, ‘타고난 재능과 지속적인 노력’, ‘트라우마를 극복하게 한 높은 회복탄력성’, ‘과거를 애도하는 과정’, ‘영적인 성장을 통한 의미의 발견’이고, 본질적 주제는 ‘프로티언 소명을 따르는 삶’이었다. 연구 참여자들은 사랑과 지지를 받는 양육환경에서 건강한 자기형성이 되었고, 이를 통해 회복탄력성을 가지게 되어 트라우마를 극복하는 것이 가능했다. 그 결과, 그들은 용서와 화해, 진정한 감사함을 느끼며 과거를 애도할 수 있었고, 자신만의 이상과 목표를 가지고 소명을 추구하는 삶을 살 수 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 통해 대상관계적 심리치료와 기독교상담이 필요함을 제시하였다.

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