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문선혜(Moon, Sun Hye) 한국가족법학회 2020 가족법연구 Vol.34 No.3
This study shows the legal measures and tasks for the realization of marriage between North and South Koreans, assuming that inter-Korean relations progress and enter the inter-Korean coalition stage. The current laws relating to marriage between the two Koreas are generally similar. On the other hand, there are significant differences in matters related to divorce, child-rearing derived from divorce, and the right to claim property division. In North Korea, there are penalties for unfair marriage and divorce that are not found in South Korea. This is due to the peculiarity of the North Korean legislation that regards marriage and family life as objects of state control. Examining the cases of other divided countries, former East and West Germany applied private international law to solve the problem of legal conflict. Instead of adopting a unified legislative method for the marriage legislation between the residents of both sides, China and Taiwan have each legislated independently, but have coordinated the content through consultation. Marriage between North and South Cypriots has rarely occurred. If People between North and South Cyprus are married, EU law could be used as the governing law. The problem of legal conflict, which has been common in several divided countries, also occurs in marriages between North and South Koreans. As a way to solve this problem, it is possible to propose a measure to select one of South Korean law or North Korean law and apply it uniformly, a measure to determine the governing law by applying private international law, and a measure to enact a separate legal norm to determine the governing law. Among these three measures, the signing of an agreement between the two Koreas as a common norm applied to marriage and divorce between North and South Koreans would be a way to stably resolve disputes and to satisfy both South and North Korea. The policy on marriage between North and South Koreans should be promoted in the direction of ensuring the principle of individual freedom and gender equality, and providing consistent principles for determining governing law. It would be necessary to establish a document certification procedure between the two Koreas by establishing a joint certification office in the resident representative office. And an agreement between the two Koreas should be concluded to present the criteria for determining the governing law. After that, in order to implement the inter-Korean agreement, marriage-related laws of the two Koreas should be revised. By revising the Family Relations Registration Act in South Korea and the Citizen Registration Act in North Korea, the resident representative office should be able to handle the registration of occurrences and changes in marriage. In case of South Korea, legal measures would be necessary to give effect to reflect the exclusion of the application of Article 19-2 (1) to (5) of the North Korean Defectors Act. In case of North Korea, provisions to give effect to the inter-Korean Agreement should be newly established in the Family Law.
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남북한 주민 간 상속에 관한 법적 쟁점 연구 - 준거법이 북한법인 경우를 중심으로 - *
문선혜(Moon, Sun Hye) 북한법연구회 2019 북한법연구 Vol.21 No.-
남북한 주민 간 상속이 발생하면 그 법률관계에 적용되는 남한법과 북한법의 충돌이 일어난다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 국제사법을 유추적용하는 준국제사법적 접근방 식을 택하는 것이 바람직하다. 따라서 준거법을 결정하는 데 있어 남한의 국제사법과 북한의 대외민사관계법을 동시에 유추적용하면, 피상속인이 남한 주민인 경우 및 피상 속인이 북한 주민이고 상속인이 남한 주민이며 상속재산이 남한 지역에 위치한 부동산인 경우 남한법이 준거법이 되고, 피상속인이 북한 주민이고 상속인이 북한 주민인 경우및 피상속인이 북한 주민이고 상속인이 남한 주민이며 상속재산이 동산이거나 북한 소재 부동산인 경우 북한법이 준거법이 된다. 준거법이 북한법인 경우를 중심으로 남북한 주민 간 상속에 따르는 실체법적 쟁점을 검토하면, 남한 주민의 상속권과 상속분, 상속재산의 산정, 중혼배우자의 상속, 상속회 복청구권 민사시효의 문제를 꼽을 수 있다. 북한 상속법이 준거법인 경우 남한 주민에 게도 북한 주민에 대한 상속권을 인정할 수 있으며, 다만 법정상속, 유언상속, 유증에 따라 상속분이 달라지고 피상속인이 부양하거나 피상속인을 부양하던 가족이 있으면 상속분 산정에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 상속재산의 산정과 관련해서는 가정재산과 개별재산의 구별에 관한 문제와 북한 경제의 시장화 현상으로 인한 상속재산의 변동에 유의하여야 한다. 또한 중혼 배우자 상속의 경우 부양의무 이행의 문제로 인하여 남한에 거주하는 전혼 배우자의 상속분은 대폭 감축되거나 아예 인정되지 않을 수 있다. 그리고 남한 주민의 월북 또는 남북한 통일로 이산가족이 재결합하여 장애 사유가 제거되지 않는 한북한법에 따른 남한 주민의 상속회복청구권의 민사시효는 정지된 것으로 보아야 한다. Inheritance between South and North Koreans creates conflicts between South Korean and North Korean laws that apply to the legal relationship. To solve this problem, it is desirable to take a quasi private international judicial approach that uses private international law in analogy. Therefore, if the international law in South Korea and the law on North Korea s relations with the outside world are used simultaneously in determining the law, the South Korean law will govern the case if the subordinate is a South Korean resident and the heir is a North Korean resident and the heir is a South Korean resident and the inheritance is a real estate located in the South Korean territory. And the North Korean law will govern the case if the heir is a North Korean resident and the heir is a North Korean resident and the heir is a North Korean resident and the heir is a South Korean citizen, the inheritance is movable or a real estate in North Korean territory. When the substantive issue of North and South Koreans inheritance is considered based on the North Korean law, we can find problems with the inheritance and inheritance of South Koreans, the calculation of inheritance property, inheritance of the second spouse in bigamy, and civil prescription for the right to claim inheritance. In case the North Korean inheritance law is in compliance with the law, South Koreans can also recognize the right to inherit North Koreans. But the inheritance depends on the law, the will of the deceased, and the will of the deceased, if a family member is supported by a subordinate or used to support an heir, it can affect the calculation of inheritance. Regarding the calculation of inheritance, attention should be paid to the issue of the distinction between family property and individual property and the fluctuation of inheritance property due to the phenomenon of marketization of the North Korean economy. In the case of double marriage spouse inheritance, the inheritance of a spouse residing in South Korea may be drastically reduced or not recognized at all due to the issue of fulfilling the obligation to support it. Unless the reasons for disability are removed by the reunion of separated families due to unification of the two Koreas and so on, the the extinctive prescription of South Koreans right to claim inheritance under the North Korean law should be considered suspended.
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문선혜(Moon, Sun Hye) 통일과 북한법학회(구 북한법연구회) 2021 북한법연구 Vol.26 No.-
한반도 DMZ와 키프로스 UN 완충지대는 국제법상 비무장지대라는 공통점이 있다. 그러나 완전히 중무장화된 한반도 DMZ와 달리 키프로스 UN 완충지대는 비무장화되어 비군사적 목적으로도 이용되며 남북 키프로스 간 소통 창구로써 활용된다. 반면에 한반도 DMZ는 군사분계선을 중심으로 양분되어 남과 북이 대치하는 구조로 되어 있으며 유엔사는 군사적 활동만을 담당하고 있는데, 이러한 차이가 비무장지대의 평화적 이용에 적지 않은 영향을 미친 것으로 보인다. 키프로스 UN 완충지대 사례를 참고하면 한반도 DMZ의 평화적 이용을 위한 정책적 시사점을 도출할 수 있다. 먼저 정전체제를 여전히 유지한다는 전제 하에서의 중⋅단기 과제로는, 남키프로스와 같이 남한 당국이 DMZ 관리 권한을 확보하는 것과 비무장지대를 관리하는 주체의 성격을 키프로스와 같이 바꾸기 위하여 유엔사에게 비군사적 임무를 부여하는 방안을 검토해 볼 수 있다. 한반도 정전체제 종식 이후 장기 과제로는 평화협정을 체결하여 실질적인 평화체제를 구축하는 것과 DMZ에서 유엔사를 비롯한 남한군과 북한군을 전부 철수시킨 다음 중립적 지위의 군사 병력을 배치하는 방안을 검토할 필요가 있다. The Korean DMZ and the UN buffer zone in Cyprus have in common that they are demilitarized zones under international law. However, unlike the fully armed the Korean DMZ, the UN buffer zone in Cyprus is demilitarized and used for non-military purposes, and is used as a communication channel between South and North Cyprus. Unlike the UN buffer zone in Cyprus, the Korean DMZ is divided around the military demarcation line, and the U.N. forces are only in charge of military activities, making it difficult to use the Demilitarized Zone in peace. Referring to the case of the UN buffer zone in Cyprus, policy implications for the peaceful use of the Korean DMZ can be derived. First, as a short-term task under the premise of maintaining the armistice, it is necessary to consider securing the South Korean authorities authority to manage the DMZ and assigning non-military missions to the UN forces. Next, as a long-term task after the end of the armistice, it is necessary to consider signing a peace agreement to establish a substantial peace system, withdrawing North South Korean and South Korean forces including the UN forces, and deploying neutral military forces in the Korean DMZ.
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신재생에너지 보급 시나리오를 통한 건물부문 온실가스 감축 잠재량 분석
정영선(Jeong Young-Sun),조수현(Cho Suhyun),문선혜(Moon Sun-Hye) 한국태양에너지학회 2021 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.41 No.6
This study aims to propose a renewable energy scenario for the building sector to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and to estimate the potential reduction of emissions in the building sector by 2050, based on this scenario. The types of buildings used for analysis are detached houses, apartments, commercial buildings, and educational buildings. The activity data for the building sector’s projection model are building use type, gross floor area of building use, building energy intensity, and GHG emission factor. The prediction of GHG emissions from this scenario is that they will increase steadily from 2020, peak in 2039, and start declining from 2050. The result shows that the potential reduction in emissions will be about 43.1 million tons of CO2e against business as usual, in 2050.
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KCI
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