지방자치단체의 사무구분체계

문상덕(文尙德) 한국지방자치법학회 2004 지방자치법연구(地方自治法硏究) Vol.4 No.2

理論的に地方自治團體の事務は自治事務と委任事務、そして委任事務は團體委任事務と機關委任事務に區分される。ところが、地方自治團體の事務體系は理論的區分とは異なって法制的にはそんなに明確には實現されていないし行政實務上もさまざまな問題點がある。したがって、地方分權改革の一環として地方自治團體の事務區分體系を再検討する必要があると思う。 わが國の地方自治團體の事務區分體系の問題點は、事務別一般根據法規が曖昧である点、個別事務の法的根據規定が定型的形式で統一的に立法されてない結果法令の文理的解釋だけでは事務の種類や法的性質などを正確に把握できない境遇が多いことである。こうした問題點を考慮し地方自治團體の處理する事務の類型と事務別定義規定を新設し、個別法令上の事務根據規定も事務別標準立法型式に基づいて統一的定じめるようにして、文理的解釋でも簡單で明確に當該事務の種類や歸屬主體等を解るようにすべきである。 從來の事務類型に關しては、概念や法的性質が曖昧で實際の有用性も少なかった團體委任事務と、中央集權の强化と反自治的弊害の多かった機關委任事務、そして明白な法的根據もないまま行政實務上活用されてきた共同事務はすべて廢止する。そして、新しい事務區分體系の摸索のためドイツと日本の事務區分體系を檢討した。 その結果、筆者は地方自治團體の事務體制を自治事務と法定共同管理事務とに二元化することを提案した。法定共同管理事務は國家または廣域自治團體が全國的若しくは廣域的事務處理の統一性確保と地域的利害の配慮が同時に要求される事務を各々法律または廣域自治團體の條例で創設し、その内容と要件乃至基準などを法定し、當該事務の歸屬と處理を廣域又は基礎自治团体に任せる事務と定義した。法定共同管理事務は統一的規定形式に基づいて定め、全ての法定共同管理事務は法令に一覽表で公示し、地方移讓推進委員會を通じてその新規增設を抑制するようにした。そして法定共同管理事務に對しては國家や廣域自治團體の關與を地方自治法に列擧された手段だけに限定し、法定共同管理事務の處理に對する國家などの權力的關與は先に裁判所に提訴しその判決(違法確認)にしたがって行政的關與を最終決定する司法審査先行主義を導入するよう提言した。

地方自治行政에 있어서의 政策法務의 確立

문상덕(文尙德) 한국지방자치법학회 2001 지방자치법연구(地方自治法硏究) Vol.1 No.1

この論文は地方自治と地方分権が本格的に推進されている現在、自治の法的ㆍ政策的な獨自性を確保し、地方自治行政を巡る法構造や機能の現代的變化に對應できる地方自治行政法を追求しようとしたものである。内容的には、地方自治行政の特質を豫備的に槪觀した上、地方自治行政過程の主要法的局面を具體的に再診断し、綜合的に理論と實務の兩面で法治主義ㆍ民主主義の實現に寄與することができる地方自治法務體制の確立を目指しようした。ここで拳げられた地方行政過程の主な法的局面は、地方分権、自主解釋型法務,自主立法型法務 そして自治法務組織などである。 先に、地方分權の問題についてはその歴史的な正當性を確認した上、現在の具體的な推進狀況と改善内容を槪觀した。そして、それに從う行政環境の變化が国家行政法制と地方自治法制にも大きな影響を及ぼそうとしている点と、自治行政の展開過程に對し政策法務的な視覺と方法で法治主義を強化する必要性があることを確認した。 そして、自治が諸自治機能の行使または自治法務の充實を圖るための前提として、法令に對する自主的法解釋權の存在と意義を明確に認識し、これを踏えてこれから自治が[自主解釋型の法務體制]を構築し獨自的な法の解析ㆍ運用を圖るべきことを主張した。自治立法の問題については、法の政策手段化の顕著な今日において自治政策の形成と執行に法的觀點と技法で介入し政策に對する法的規律の密度を高める必要があることを主張した。このために、具體的には自治法規立案の時に考慮乃し準據すべき法理と法的手法を探究した。

알벤다졸의 예방적 투약에 의한 약물 유발 간 손상 1예

문상이,백양현,이성욱 대한소화기학회 2019 대한소화기학회지 Vol.73 No.6

Albendazole is used as a typical antiparasitic agent worldwide. The side effects of albendazole may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, headache, alopecia, and increased liver enzymes. Mild elevation of the liver enzyme has been reported in more than 10% of cases, but drug induced liver injury was reported to be very rare. A 30-year-old woman visited the Dong-A University Hospital with anorexia, nausea, jaundice, and elevated liver enzyme. For diagnosis, other acute hepatitis etiologies were excluded, but the prophylactic administration of albendazole was verified. This paper introduces a case of drug-induced liver injury through the prophylactic administration of albendazole. Physicians should be aware of severe liver injury as one of the side effects of albendazole.

Efficacy of Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy and Radiofrequency Ablation against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Refractory to Transarterial Chemoembolization and Vascular Variation: A Case Study

문상이,한상영,백양현 고신대학교(의대) 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 2021 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.36 No.2

Transarterial chemoembolization is often the first-line treatment for multiple hepatocellular carcinomas. However, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy is a treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma refractory to multiple sessions of transarterial chemoembolization. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy requires implantation of an appropriate port into the hepatic artery. However, it may be impossible to implant a port due to hepatic artery variation. We report a case of hepatocellular carcinoma refractory to transarterial chemoembolization and hepatic artery variation treated successfully with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and radiofrequency ablation with complete response after implantation of ports in both liver lobes.

체육 교사의 직무연수에 관한 사례 연구 : 강원도 교육청을 중심으로

문상이,임영무 한국교원대학교 학교체육연구소 2011 학교체육연구소지 Vol.18 No.1

In a bid to settle an appropriate training system for teachers, this study intends to draw out implications about professional training of physical education by examining cases of teachers in Gangwon province. To this end, this study conducted in-depth in

國家와 地方自治團體의 關係에 關한 基本原則의 定立

文尙德(문상덕) 행정법이론실무학회 2003 행정법연구 Vol.- No.10

헬기탑재형 다기능 레이더의 빔 조향에 대한 연구

문상만,김현경,김인규,이상종,김태식,오규창,이해창 한국항공우주학회 2003 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

집행임원제도하의 임원보수 규제방안-미국 경기부양법(Stimulus Bill)상의 임원보수 제한규정을 중심으로-

문상일 한양대학교 법학연구소 2010 법학논총 Vol.27 No.1

In this article, I analyze the executive compensation provision (§ 408-2(3)(6)) under the proposed revised version of 2008 Korean Commercial Code, and demonstrate its shortcomings in order to effectively regulate the compensation for executive officers under the proposed executive officer system in Korea. I also introduce the U.S. regulations which has been recently promulgated as a part of TARP to prevent excessive payments to poorly performed executives in U.S. publicly-held corporations, such as EESA, ARRA, and CFA. Among these regulations, my article focuses on the compensation-related provisions under ARRA which is affecting most of the TARP recipients under the U.S. stimulus plan. According to the ARRA, corporations which received a significant taxpayer fund under the TARP, must observe stricter compensation policies mandated under the ARRA, such as prohibition of certain types of compensation -bonuses, retention awards, incentive compensation,golden parachutes and luxury expenditures-, improved compensation committee requirements,Say-on-Pay and compensation clawback. Among these requirements, Say-on-Pay policy has been considered most effective method to curtail excessive executive compensation practices. Specifically, in the wake of recent financial crisis and global economic crisis, the growing public criticism on the incessant upward trend of executive compensation demands more fundamental remedy to curb compensation problems. Recognizing that there are several systemic flaws in current compensation system, such as lack of linkage between compensation and performance,executive’s short-termism, and lack of director’s accountability to shareholders, shareholder activists as well as many politicians have suggested the adoption of Say-on-Pay policies. After a full discussion on the details of the executive compensation provision under the proposed revised version of 2008 Korean Commercial Code (§ 408-2(3)(6)), I recommend that the Korean Commercial Code implement more detailed executive compensation provisions regarding compensation setting process and the disclosure of each executive’s detailed payments, not the total amounts paid to all directors and executives. In addition,after adopting a executive officer system in Korea, the Code should also maintain current compensation approval system in which shareholders should approve the compensation plan for directors with binding effect. Without the approval by shareholders, we may confront the same compensation crisis like the U.S. and Eurpope. Finally, I stress in this article that well-established executive compensation system would function as a fundamental basis to improve our corporate governance structure.

금융위기 이후 임원보수규제의 동향

문상일 한국경영법률학회 2010 經營法律 Vol.20 No.3

The underpinnings of the global financial crisis can be traced back to the failure of U.S. financial institutions from the investment of MBS and much of the blame for MBS-generated global financial crisis and the ensuing recession has been placed on financial industry executives who took millions of dollars in bonuses for short-term corporate gains. To address perceived abuses by financial institutions' executives, both EESA and ARRA contain temporary executive compensation and corporate governance restrictions for certain TARP recipients. Specifically, these acts set strict caps on overall executive compensation, set limits on bonuses, ban golden parachutes, allow clawback inappropriately collected compensation, ensure that compensation packages do not encourage executives to take excessive risks, limt the deductibility of executive compensation under IRC § 162(m), and give shareholders a "Say-on-Pay" which give shareholders the right to take advisory votes on executive compensation at firms receiving TARP funds. However, despite U.S. government's effort to curb excessive executive compensation along with all compensation related provisions under EESA and ARRA, I conclude that it is necessary to reform U.S. corporate governance structure in order to improve director independence from CEO and provide shareholders with more say in compensation setting process. Without these fundamental changes, U.S. companies will contin- uously develop another circumventing methods to avoid government's regulations. From this perspective, I recommend that there should be certain debates regarding executive/director compensation reform in Korea because Korean legal system has much more defects than that of U.S. in that there is no mandatory disclosure requirements similar to U.S., in turn, investors have limited access right to the compensation information on executives/directors. In sum, this article suggests that current debates and regulatory efforts in U.S. on this issue provide us with meaningful implication to improve Korean compensation system and corporate governance in the future.

『블리크 하우스』- 디킨즈의 이상적 국가모델

문상화(Sangwha Moon) 19세기영어권문학회 2009 19세기 영어권 문학 Vol.13 No.1

In Bleak House Charles Dickens suggests his ideal model of a nation where healthy and diligent middle class people, represented by Esther Summerson and Allan Woodcourt, would control and govern. According to Charles Dickens, England in 1850s had suffered from various social problems: inefficiency of government institutes, incompetent aristocracy, ridiculous fashion of charity only focusing on foreign countries and serious living conditions of lower working class in England. Dickens seems to suggest that England needs new class in order to solve these serious problems. Dickens suggests that new class must be good at the rational way of thought and practical concept on economy. In Bleak House he shows that established ruling class and uneducated poor working class can not rule over England due to various reasons. He shows healthy middle class represented by Esther Summerson and Allan Woodcourt can and must take over the responsibility to control England.