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A Review on the Status of Exotic Weed (Chenopodium album L.) in Korea and Methods to Control
레티현,WeiQiang Jia,조광민,Botir Khaitov,박기웅 한국잔디학회 2019 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.8 No.3
Intensive globalization of markets, rises of tourism and exchange of goods have facilitated intentional and unintentional movement of plant species beyond natural geographical barriers. These activities led to the distribution of unwanted plant species in all parts of the world, as well as in Korea. Chenopodium album L. known by many common names fat hen, white goosefoot, and common lamb’s quarters weeds, and belongs to the Chenopodiaceae family and originated from Europe. It is a widespread and troublesome weed in agricultural areas throughout the north temperate regions of the world. C. album thrives as a common weed in gardens, near streams, rivers, forest clearings, fields, waste land, and disturbed soils. Across the world, C. album is considered as one of the most troublesome weeds due to its impacts on agricultural production. In Korea, C. album is also responsible for yield losses in many important crops but no detail evaluation of its impact has been undertaken yet. Therefore, this review aims at providing an up-to-date and comprehensive appraisal about occurrence and distribution, physiological characteristics, economic damage analysis and management system of C. album.
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박수혁,원옥재,레티현,엄민용,황기선,황재복,박기웅 한국잔디학회 2015 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.4 No.3
This study was conducted to investigate the ability for weed control of the shoot extract of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and developing a sustainable weed management in organic farming. When the dried shoot powder was mixed with soil and treated with 2 cm above the soil surface, the germination for Echinochloa crus-galli, Digitaria cilialis, Abutilon theophrasti and Amaranthus retroflexus was inhibited maxium 40%. The growth inhibition of germinated seedlings in the A. theophrasti and A. retroflexus was maxium 30% while it was less than 30% in the E. crus-galli and D. cilialis. Shoot extracts at rates above 25 mg ml-1 was effective to inhibit germination of D. cilialis, A. theophrasti and A. retroflexus. The shoot extract concentration required for 50% of germination inhibition was 60 mg ml-1 in the E. crus-galli, while it was less than 10mg ml-1 in the D. cilialis, A. theophrasti and A. retroflexus. For the foliar application, 11 adjuvants were tested at 0.5% and DOS70, TM15 and TDE7 were most effective adjuvants for the shoot extracts. DOS70 was most effective and provided up to 60% of weed control efficacy for the tested four weed species. Though herbicidal efficacy of sorghum shoot was not enough to give a proper weed control, it can be expected that long term use of sorghum shoots can provide gradual decrease in weed seeds and weed density. 본 연구는 수수 지상부 부산물을 이용하여 제초활성을검정하며 생물제초제로서의 개발 가능성을 알아보고자 수행되었다. 수수 지상부 분말을 토양과 혼합하여 처리했을때 피, 바랭이, 어저귀, 털비름의 발아 억제율은 최대 40% 정도였으며 발아한 개체들의 지상부 생육억제율은 광엽잡초인 어저귀와 털비름에서 최대 30%, 화본과잡초인 피와바랭이에서는 30% 이하로 낮게 나타났다. 수수 지상부 추출물의 발아억제 효과는 피를 제외한 바랭이, 어저귀, 털비름에서는 25mg ml-1 이상의 농도에서 크게 나타났으며, 50%의 발아를 저해하는 농도가 피에서는 60mg ml-1였으나 나머지 세 초종에서는 10 mg ml-1 이하로 작게 나타났다. 경엽처리활성을 높이기 위해 선발한 11개 전착제 중 DOS70, TM15, TDE7이 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 그 중DOS70는 주요 잡초종을 60%까지 방제할 수 있었다. 비록수수 지상부 부산물의 잡초방제효과가 크지는 않은 것으로 나타났지만 장기적인 처리에 의한 잡초종자 및 개체밀도의 점진적인 경감이 기대된다.
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Growth Response of Weed Species in a Paddy Field under Elevated Temperatures
Md. Shahidul Haque Bir,레티현,원옥재,보보,Farrukh Ruziev,Mirjalol Umurzokov,WeiQiang Jia,윤혜진,Botir Khaitov,박기웅 한국잔디학회 2018 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.7 No.4
The present study aimed to investigate the growth response of rice and paddy weeds under varying temperatures created artificially in the phytotron under field condition. Rice ( Oryza sativa L .), three annual ( Ludwigia prostrata, Monochoria vaginalis, and Echinochloa oryzicola ) and three perennial ( Scirpus planiculmis, Eleocharis kuroguwai , and Sagittaria sagittifolia ) paddy weeds were grown under different temperature regimes (ambient, ambient+0.8°C, ambient+1.9°C, and ambient+3.4°C). It was observed that the growth of both rice and paddy weed species increased with the elevation of temperature. However, the growth of weeds was much greater than that of rice under elevated temperature. The shoot dry weight of rice was 8.9%, 13.1%, and 30.4% greater at the ambient+0.8, +1.9 and +3.4℃, respectively compared to the ambient temperature. Among the paddy weed species, L. prostrate exhibited the most significant increased level of both dry weight and leaf area presenting 211.8% and 214.3% higher, respectively at the ambient+3.4℃ than that of the ambient temperature. Growth of E. oryzicola and M. vaginalis were slightly higher compared to the growth of rice under elevated temperature. The growth of perennial weed species of S. sagittifolia exhibited 124.8% higher dry weight at the ambient+3.4℃ than at the ambient. Our findings suggest that elevation temperatures might provide an even greater competitive advantage to weeds with concomitant negative effects on rice production.
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Alternative Herbicides to Manage Unintentionally Released Transgenic Canola
Mirjalol Umurzokov,정인호,Farrukh Ruziev,보보,WeiQiang Jia,레티현,Botir Khaitov,조광민,김윤하,이훈복,조진웅,손수인,박기웅 한국잔디학회 2019 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.8 No.2
One of the main concern of transgenic crops is unintentional release of unwanted gene or genes through pollen-mediated gene flow. Since 2009, transgenic canola (Brassica napus) contained herbicide resistant gene is being unintentionally released into the Korean ecosystem. This study was conducted to identify alternative herbicides to eliminate transgenic canola under greenhouse and field conditions in 2018 and 2019, Daejeon South Korea. Four pre- and five post-emergence herbicides were used at 1x and 2x recommended rates as a chemical treatment. The growth parameters of the trial plant and control efficacy of the herbicides determined separately according to the application method (pre and post) and experimental condition (greenhouse and field). Except glufosinate-ammonium, all the post-emergent herbicides including bentazone, fluthiacet-methyl, MCPA and bentazone sodium had almost 100% canola control efficacy at both 1x and 2x recommended rates. Regarding the pre-emergence herbicides, dichlobenil and oxyfluorfen showed a full control efficacy at both 1x and 2x recommended rates. It is worth noted that when linuron was applied, although some of the seeds were germinated, a gradual death was observed. While, s-metolachlor was not suggested to manage the canola as a chemical control because of its very low efficacy on this plant.
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