Assessment of Soil Microbial Communities in Carotenoid-Biofortified Rice Ecosystem

손수인,오영주,김병용,이범규,이시명,오성덕,이강섭,윤도원,조현석 한국토양비료학회 2015 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.48 No.5

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Psy-2A-CrtI (PAC), a genetically modified (GM) rice with enhanced β-carotene, on the soil microbial community. The soil used to cultivate GM rice and its wild-type, Nakdong, was analyzed for population density, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and pyrosequencing. It was found that the bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population densities of the PAC soils were within the range of those of the non-GM rice cultivar, Nakdong. The DGGE banding patterns of the GM and non-GM soils were also similar, suggesting that the bacterial community structures were stable within a given month and were unaffected by the presence of a GM plant. The pyrosequencing result showed a temporal difference in microorganism taxon and distribution ratio, but no significant difference between GM and non-GM was found. The persistence of the transgene DNA in the plant and surrounding soil were investigated for different time periods. There were differences in the persistence within the plant depending on the gene, but they could not be detected after 5 weeks. Also the transgenes were not detected in the surrounding soil. These results indicate that soil microbial communities are unaffected by the cultivation of a PAC rice within the experimental time frame.

Characterization and evaluation of response to heat and chilling stress in exotic weeds using chlorophyll a fluorescence OJIP transient

손수인,이용호,홍선희,김창석,김명현,나채선,오영주 한국환경생물학회 2020 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.38 No.3

The occurrence of exotic weeds and their influx into farmlands due to climate change poses many problems. Therefore, it is necessary to generate a prediction model for the occurrence pattern of these exotic weeds based on scientific evidence and devise prevention measures. The photosynthetic apparatus is known as the most temperature sensitive component of a plant cell and its initial response to temperature stress is to inhibit the activation of photosystem II. This study investigated the potential of OJIP transients in assessing temperature stress in exotic weeds. The four exotic weeds currently flowing into Korean farmlands include Amaranthus spinosus, Conyza bonariensis, Crassocephalum crepidioides, and Amaranthus viridis. These weeds were treated at 5°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, and 40°C and the OJIP curves and JIP parameters were measured and analyzed. The results showed that heat and chilling stress affected the photosystem II (PSII) electron transport of A. spinosus, whereas C. crepidioides and A. viridis were more affected by high-temperature stress than by low-temperature stress. Lastly, C. bonariensis showed resistance to both high and low-temperature stress. The results of this study suggest that OJIP transients and JIP parameters can be used to analyze damage to the photosynthetic apparatus by temperature stress and that they can serve as sensitive indicators for the occurrence pattern of exotic weeds.

온라인 전공 실기 수업에 대한 국악 전공 학습자 실태조사 연구: 예술고등학교 3학년을 대상으로

손수인,오유진 한국음악교육공학회 2022 음악교육공학 Vol.- No.51

본 연구의 목적은 COVID-19로 변화된 온라인 전공 실기 수업 환경에 관한 학습자들의 실태를 조사하고 온라인 전공 실기 수업의 방향성 및 개선을 위한 기초자료를 제시하는 것이다. 서울, 경기지역 2곳의 예술 고등학교에서 국악을 전공하는 3학년 학습자를 대상으로 설문조사를 진행하였으며, 221명의 응답 결과를 바탕으로 수집된 자료를 빈도 분석하였다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 응답자들은 스마트폰을 이용하여 집에서 수업하는 비율이 높았고 온라인 전공 실기 수업의 장단점으로는 자유로운 수업 환경과 시간을 효율적으로 사용할 수 있다는 장점과 서버의 구축과 플랫폼의 음질 개선 및 실기 수업에 적합한 플랫폼 구축의 필요성이 단점으로 조사되었다. 또한, 학습자들에게 COVID-19 이후 온라인 전공 실기 수업으로 인한 입시에 대한 불안감과 집중력 저하를 느끼고 있는지에 관한 영역을 조사하였는데, 그 결과, COVID-19로 인한 수업 방식과 형태의 변화가 학습자들에게 심리적, 감정적인 변화를 일으킨 것으로 나타났다. 이에 본 연구는 조사 결과를 바탕으로, 온라인 전공 실기 수업의 수업 방식과 형태의 다양화 및 학습자들의 정서적 안정을 위한 제도의 필요성에 대해 논의와 시사점을 제안하는 바이며, 본 연구가 향후 온라인 실기 수업에 관한 후속 연구를 위한 기초자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

제초제저항성 유전자변형 들깨 근권 토양의 미생물상 비교 평가

손수인,권장식,원항연,노형준,김경환,백형진,김용환 한국국제농업개발학회 2009 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

To investigate the effect of herbicide-resistant transgenic perilla on the soil microbial communities, an inbred line of herbicide-resistant transgenic perilla and two varieties of conventional perilla were employed for this experiment. The total counts of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes, dominant members and PLFA (phospholipid fatty acid) profiles in the soil microbial community of transgenic perilla were compared with those of conventional perillas. Insignificant difference was observed in the colony forming unit from the rhizoplanes of transgenic and conventional perilla. In the cases of actinomycetes and fungi in the rhizosphere of transgenic and conventional perilla, the differences in colony forming unit were as small as to be negligible. MIDI-FAME identifications of bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere of transgenic and conventional perillas revealed that the dominant genera from the soil of transgenic perilla were the Bacillus and Arthrobacter, while those from the soil of conventional perillas were Bacillus & Arthrobacter (Yeopsil) and Bacillus, Burkholderia & Cellulomonas (Saeyeopsil). Principle analysis (PCA) using PLFA profiles showed that there was no considerable variation between the soils planted with transgenic and conventional perillas. These results indicate that the herbicide-resistant transgenic perilla has no significant impact on the soil microbial communities. 제초제 저항성 유전자(bar)가 도입된 형질전환 들깨가 토양 미생물상에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 형질전환 들깨 고 정계통과 2품종의 보통 들깨를 공시하여 이들 작물을 재배한 토양의 미생물상 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 들깨 토양의 전체 미생물 수를 계수한 결과, 형질전환 들깨 와 일반들깨의 근면토양에서 미생물 수의 유의성 있는 차이는 없었고, 근권토양의 방선균과 사상균 수의 변이도 미미한 정 도의 차이를 보였다. 분리된 세균을 동정한 결과, 형질전환 들 깨 토양에서는 Bacillus속과 Arthrobacter속이 우점하였다. 일 반 들깨 품종들의 토양에서도 Bacillus속이 우점하는 것으로 나타났으며, 다음으로 우점한 것은 엽실들깨 토양에서는 Arthrobacter속, 새엽실에서는 Burkholderia속과 Cellulomonas 속이 우점속인 것으로 나타났다. 토양에서 추출한 PLFA를 이 용하여 주성분 및 군집분석을 수행한 결과 형질전환 들깨와 보통들깨 토양 간에 유의성 있는 변이가 발견되지 않았다. 따 라서 형질전환 들깨를 재배한 토양과 일반들깨를 재배한 토양 의 전체 미생물상에 있어서 유의성 있는 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다.

Soybean mosaic virus의 외피단백질유전자 형질전환 담배의 Heterologous Potyvirus에 대한 저항성

손수인,김율호,이현숙,이부영,허한순,이장용 한국육종학회 2004 한국육종학회지 Vol.36 No.5

The coat protein (CP) gene of the G5H and G7H strains of Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) were cloned, sequenced and transformed into the tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum. cv. Havana SR1) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Transformation was confirmed b

Effect of genetically modified rice producing resveratrol on the soil microbial communities

손수인,오영주,김병용,권순종,조현석,류태훈 한국응용생명화학회 2015 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.58 No.6

Cultivation of genetically modified (GM) crops has rapidly increased in the global agricultural area. However, cultivation of GM crops in the field evoked the concern of the possibility of unintentional consequences from transgenic plant into environment. In our present study, we have assessed the effects of RS526, GM rice producing resveratrol on the surrounding soil microbial community. The effects of RS526 on the soil microbial community in its field of growth were assessed using a conventional culture technique and culture-independent molecular methods. Three replicate field plots were planted with single GM rice and a non-GM counterpart, Dongjin. The soil microbial communities around these plants were compared using colony counting, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), pyrosequencing analysis, and community-level physiological profiling during the growing periods. The bacterial, fungal, and actinomycetes population densities of the RS526 soils were found to be within the range of those of the non-GM rice cultivar. The DGGE banding patterns of the GM and non-GM soils were also similar, suggesting that the bacterial community structures were stable within a given month and were unaffected by the presence of a GM plant. The data obtained from pyrosequencing analysis showed that the bacterial community distribution at the phylum level were highly similar to DGGE patterns between two tested groups. The substrate utilization pattern of RS526 and Dongjin rice soil was quite similar between each sampling time. These results indicate that soil microbial communities are not significantly affected by the cultivation of RS526 within the experimental time frame.

Effects of Disease Resistant Genetically Modified Rice on Soil Microbial Community Structure According to Growth Stage

손수인,오영주,안재형,강현정,조우석,조윤성,이범규 한국환경농학회 2019 한국환경농학회지 Vol.38 No.3

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the effects of rice genetically modified to be resistant against rice blast and rice bacterial blight on the soil microbial community. A comparative analysis of the effects of rice genetically modified rice choline kinase (OsCK1) gene for disease resistance (GM rice) and the Nakdong parental cultivar (non‐GM rice) on the soil microbial community at each stage was conducted using rhizosphere soil of the OsCK1 and Nakdong rice. METHODS AND RESULTS: The soil chemistry at each growth stage and the bacterial and fungal population densities were analyzed. Soil DNA was extracted from the samples, and the microbial community structures of the two soils were analyzed by pyrosequencing. No significant differences were observed in the soil chemistry and microbial population density between the two soils. The taxonomic analysis showed that Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria were present in all soils as the major phyla. Although the source tracking analysis per phylogenetic rank revealed that there were differences in the bacteria between the GM and non‐GM soil as well as among the cultivation stages, the GM and non‐GM soil were grouped according to the growth stages in the UPGMA dendrogram analysis. CONCLUSION: The difference in bacterial distributions between Nakdong and OsCK1 rice soils at each phylogenetic level detected in microbial community analysis by pyrosequencing may be due to the genetic modification done on GM rice or due to heterogeneity of the soil environment. In order to clarify this, it is necessary to analyze changes in root exudates along with the expression of transgene. A more detailed study involving additional multilateral soil analyses is required.

관절경 직접 시각화 아래 긴장도 조절 술기를 이용한 내측슬개 대퇴인대 재건술의 만족스러운 방사선학적 임상적 결과

손수인,최정윤 대한스포츠의학회 2023 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.41 No.1

Purpose : Recurrent patellar dislocation required a surgical reconstruction of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL)in many cases. During MPFL reconstruction, over-tension of medial construct altered the patellofemoral kinematicswhich may result in pain, patellofemoral joint degeneration, or graft failure. Thus, it is important to confirm appropriatetension intraoperatively. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of MPFLreconstruction with use of an adjustable tensioning under arthroscopic direct visualization of patellofemoral joint. Methods: This retrospective study included 11 MPFL reconstructions (nine patients) from 2013 to 2020. All the patientsreceived the same surgical procedures by a single surgeon. Final graft tension was determined after confirming patellarposition to the trochlear groove at 60° knee flexion under arthroscopic exam. Patient demographics, pre- and postoperativeradiographic results including congruence angle and Insall-Salvati ratio, and clinical outcomes were compared. Results: The congruence angle was significantly changed from 32.8°±21.1° preoperatively to 8.4°±11.5° postoperatively(p=0.003), and the Insall-Salvati ratio was 1.16°±0.15° and 1.10°±0.13° respectively (p=0.02). Clinical scores were signi ficantly improved between pre- and postoperatively; Kujala score (33.2±18.3 to 88.8±4.7, p=0.04), Lysholm score (30.2±15to 79.0±5.2, p=0.005), and Tegner level (2.2±1.1 to 4.4±1.7, p=0.04). There was no recurrence of patellar dislocation. Conclusion: MPFL reconstruction using adjustable tensioning under arthroscopic direct visualization could obtainsatisfactory outcomes after surgery.

Soil Microbial Community Assessment for the Rhizosphere Soil of Herbicide Resistant Genetically Modified Chinese Cabbage

손수인,오영주,안병옥,류태훈,조현석,박종석,이기종,오성덕,이장용 한국환경농학회 2012 한국환경농학회지 Vol.31 No.1

BACKGROUND: Cultivation of genetically modified(GM)crops rapidly has increased in the global agricultural area. Among those, herbicide resistant GM crops are reported to have occupied 89.3 million hectares in 2010. However,cultivation of GM crops in the field evoked the concern of the possibility of gene transfer from transgenic plant into soil microorganisms. In our present study, we have assessed the effects of herbicide-resistant GM Chinese cabbage on the surrounding soil microbial community. METHODS AND RESULTS: The effects of a herbicideresistant genetically modified (GM) Chinese cabbage on the soil microbial community in its field of growth were assessed using a conventional culture technique and also culture-independent molecular methods. Three replicate field plots were planted with a single GM and four non-GM Chinese cabbages (these included a non-GM counterpart). The soils around these plants were compared using colony counting, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and a species diversity index assessment during the growing periods. The bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population densities of the GM Chinese cabbage soils were found to be within the range of those of the non-GM Chinese cabbage soils. The DGGE banding patterns of the GM and non-GM soils were also similar, suggesting that the bacterial community structures were stable within a given month and were unaffected by the presence of a GM plant. The similarities of the bacterial species diversity indices were consistent with this finding. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that soil microbial communities are unaffected by the cultivation of herbicide-resistant GM Chinese cabbage within the experimental time frame.

참나물 현탁배양세포 유래 배발생캘러스에서 HD-Zip 유전자, Phc5의 클로닝과 특성

손수인,김준철 한국식물생명공학회 1999 식물생명공학회지 Vol.26 No.2

참나물 (Pimpinella brachycarpa)의 엽병 (petiole)절편체로부터 캘러스가 MS배지 (0.5mg/L 2,4-D와 0.1mg/L BAP)에서 유도되었으며 이들 캘러스로부터 치밀하게 배열된 세포집단(cell cluster)을 선발하여 현탁배양하였다. 이들 현탁배양세포들은 0.1 mg/L NAA가 포함된 MS고체배지에 배양되어 배발생 (embryogenic) 캘러스로 성장하였다. 배발생캘러스는 연한 노란색을 띠며 체세포배로 분화되었으며 이들 체세포배는 MS액체배지에서 발아되어 식물체로 성장하였다. 참나물 현탁배양세포 유래 배발생캘러스로부터 분리한 mRNA로부터 cDNA library를 합성하여 PCR을 수행한 결과 제조된 library의 삽입절편의 크기가 대부분 500bp이상임을 확인하였다. 이들 cDNA library로부터 전체 1.5 $\times$$10^{6}$개의 plaque를 혼성화하여 일차의 screening을 통해 19개의 cDNA clone을, 이차의 screening을 통해 5개의 cDNA clone을 얻었으며 이중 4개의 cDNA clone은 참나물 shoot의 HD-Zip 유전자인 Phz4 유전자와 동일한 약 1.4 kb 정도인 것으로 나타났으나, 1개의 cDNA clone, Phc5는 약 1.5kb정도의 크기를 나타내었다. 1.5kb인 Phc5는 Phz4유전자의 5'쪽으로 163bp의 염기가 추가로 발견되어 총 1,531 bp에 해당하였으며 18개의 polyA tail을 가지고 있었다. Phc5는 284번째에 ATG개시코돈이 있고 302개의 아미노산을 암호화하는 906개의 단백질 암호화 부위와 Homeodomain을 갖고 있었다. Phc5로부터 추정된 단백질은 기존 전사조절자에서 많이 보고된 HD의 구조적 특징을 갖고 있었다. Calli were induced from the petiole explants of Pimpinella brachycarpa on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.1 mg/L BA after four weeks of culture. Compact clusters of small and dense cells among these calli were selected and suspension-cultured as the source of embryogenic calli. When transferred to MS medium with 0.1 mg/L NAA, the suspension-cultured cells grew to embryogenic callus. Somatic embryos derived from these embryogenic calli developed into plantlets. The cDNA library was constructed in the embryogenic callus and in order to screen the cDNA library, these cDNAs were plated at a density 1.5 $\times$ 10^5 plaques per 15 cm petridish. Among 19 clones showing preferential hybridization with petiole HD-Zip gene, five clones were obtained after second screening. Four clones among them, were highly homologous to P. brachycarpa shoot-tip Phz4 gene, but one clone, Phc5 was about 1.5 kb which has an extra 163 bp to 5' upstream of Phz4. The Phc5 was 1,531 bp containing poly A tails of 18 bases. ATG start codon for Phc5, was located at position 284 with an open reading frame of 906 by which encodes a polypeptide of 302 amino acids. The Phc5 protein revealed that the polypeptides between 135 and 195 contain a homeodomain as the `leucine zipper' motif.