노인의 문장회상발화에서 나타난 언어적 비유창성 분석

노수림(Soo Rim Noh),문선현(Sun Hyun Moon),김미숙(Meesook Kim) 한국자료분석학회 2022 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.24 No.3

본 연구에서는 문장회상 과제를 사용하여 노인의 담화산출 능력을 의미적 측면과 비유창성 발화로 나누어 살펴보고 인지기능과의 관련성을 분석함으로써 담화산출에서 노화의 영향을 검토하였다. 또한 노인의 비유창성 발화의 기능적 측면을 살펴보기 위해 비유창성 발화가 의미적 측면의 발화에 미치는 영향력을 알아보았다. 노인 56명(만 63-87세)을 대상으로 일련의 목표문장을 읽고 각 문장 정보를 기억나는 대로 소리 내어 회상하는 문장회상 과제를 실시하고 산출된 담화를 수집하였다. 분석 결과, 노인의 명제 회상률 즉 의미적 측면 발화의 정확도는 전반적으로 낮았으며, 비유창성 발화에는 도중 문장 중단하기, 반복, 간투사, 불명확한 대명사 사용이 빈번하게 나타났다. 명제 회상률은 전반적 인지기능, 어휘력, 처리속도, 전두엽 기능 그리고 읽기폭과 유의한 정적 상관을 보였으며, 노인의 비유창성 총 발화율은 여러 인지기능 중 특히 어휘력과 유의한 부적 상관을 보였다. 위계적 회귀분석 결과, 노인의 비유창성 발화율은 인지기능과 독립적으로 명제 회상률에 대한 유의한 예측력을 가지는 것으로 나타나, 비유창성 발화가 의미적 측면의 발화 능력에 미치는 부적인 영향을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 노인의 문장회상 산출과정에서 나타난 비유 창성 발화의 특성과 인지기능과의 관련성을 살펴봄으로써 담화분석 방법의 새로운 틀을 제시하였다. 더 나아가, 비유창성 발화가 문장회상 수행을 예측할 수 있다는 점은 언어장애 환자뿐만 아니라 노화로 인한 의사소통장애 증상 감별을 위한 초석이 될 수 있을 것이다. In this study we investigated the discourse production ability of older adults by using a sentence recall task in order to examine the link between the linguistic disfluencies and cognitive functioning, and the role of linguistic disfluencies in semantic aspect of sentence recall. Fifty-six older adults (ages 63-87) performed the sentence recall task in which they read short sentences and recalled the contents aloud. Fluency and disfluency in discourse production were measured by the propositional recall as well as the frequency and types of disfluencies. The results were as follows. First, the propositional recall rate of the elderly was very low, and four types of disfluencies in utterances were frequently found. Second, the propositonal recall rate was positively correlated with the overall cognitive function, vocabulary, and reading span. Third, the rate of disfluency significantly predicted the propositonal recall performance independently after controlling for cognitive functioning. These results suggest that linguistic disfluency may play a significant role in semantic aspect of discourse production in addition to cognitive functioning. Thus, disfluent utterances could be indicative of linguistic decline due to normal as well as pathological aging.

어휘력과 작업기억이 청년과 노인의 문장 읽기 효율성에 미치는 영향

노수림(Soo Rim Noh),문선현(Sun Hyun Moon) 한국자료분석학회 2021 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.23 No.3

노화에 따른 인지 기능의 변화는 읽기처리에 밀접한 영향을 미친다. 작업기억의 감퇴는 텍스트 정보에 대한 명제적 표상 형성을 어렵게 만드는 한편, 어휘력은 철자해독과 어휘접속 등 단어 수준 표상처리를 촉진하여 인지적 부담이 큰 명제 표상 형성을 용이하게 한다. 본 연구에서는 청년과 노인의 문장 읽기 효율성(회상률 대비 소요된 읽기 시간)을 비교하고 어휘력과 작업기억이 읽기 효율성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 청년 65명과 노인 63명은 창문-이동형 자기조절 읽기(moving-window self-paced reading) 방식으로 다양한 주제를 담은 목표문장을 읽고 회상 과제를 수행하였다. 읽기 효율성은 목표문장의 어절별 읽기 시간의 중앙값을 해당 문장의 명제 회상률로 나누어 측정하였다. 연구결과, 노인이 청년보다 명제 회상률 대비 소요된 읽기 시간이 길게 나타나 청년보다 읽기 효율성이 떨어지는 양상을 보였다. 또한 어휘력이 높을수록 그리고 작업기억 용량이 클수록 읽기 효율성이 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 어휘력은 특히 노인집단에서 읽기 효율성을 유의하게 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 어휘력이 높은 노인은 어휘력이 낮은 노인보다 효율적인 읽기가 가능함을 보여주며, 어휘력이 노화에 따른 읽기 효율성의 저하를 완화하는 보호 요인으로 작용할 수 있음을 시사한다. In this study, we compared the sentence reading efficiency of younger and older adults and examined the influence of vocabulary and working memory on reading efficiency. Sixty-five younger and 63 older adults read the target sentences with various topics for subsequent recall. Their reading efficiency was measured by dividing the median segment reading time by the proportion propositional recalled for a target sentence. The results showed that older adults produced a lower rate of recall compared to their reading time than the younger adults did. Therefore, the reading efficiency of older adults was lower than that of the younger adults. Vocabulary and working memory significantly predicted reading efficiency, and vocabulary significantly influenced the reading efficiency of the older adults, not the younger adults. Thus, older adults with higher vocabulary could read more efficiently than older adults with lower vocabulary. This suggests that vocabulary plays a protective role in alleviating the deterioration of reading efficiency due to aging.

인지욕구와 읽기처리에 관련된 인지능력 및 읽기수행과의 관계

노수림(Noh, Soo Rim),김예슬(Kim, Yeseul),김미숙(Kim, Meesook) 담화·인지언어학회 2020 담화와 인지 Vol.27 No.1

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the Need for Cognition (NFC), an individual’s tendency towards pursuing cognitive challenges and engaging in effortful cognitive activities, and reading performance and reading-related cognitive abilities. Participants were 42 undergraduate students who completed an NFC survey and a reading span task, and also read sets of sentences for comprehension and memory. Correlational analyses showed that the participants’ NFC scores were positively associated with the reading span scores; moreover, the correlation between NFC and sentence memory (considered a more effortful cognitive task than reading comprehension) was found to be significant. No correlation was found between NFC and sentence comprehension, however. Thus, the study results revealed that the higher the NFC, the larger the reading span and the higher the sentence memory. Moreover, after controlling for reading times, NFC was shown to significantly predict sentence memory in regression analysis. These results suggest that NFC should be considered as an individual difference variable for predicting reading performance.

대학생의 정서 지능, 학습몰입, 대학생활적응간의 관계 연구

노수림(Noh, Soo Rim),배성아(Bae, Sung Ah) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2014 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.14 No.2

본 연구는 대학생들의 정서지능, 학습몰입, 대학생활적응 사이의 관계를 규명하고 학습몰입이 정서지능과 대학생활 적응의 관계에서 매개요인으로 작용하는지 확인하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위하여, A시, C시, S시 소재 대학교 각각 한곳에 재학 중인 284명의 학생들을 대상으로 조사를 실시하고 각 변인들 간의 관계를 분석하였다. 변인들 간의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 정서지능, 학습몰입, 대학생활적응간의 상관관계 분석 결과, 모두 정적인 상관관계가 있었으며, 정서지능의 하위요인 인 정서활용과 학습몰입의 하위요인인 구체적 피드백은 대학생활적응의 하위요인중 학업적응과 가장 큰 상관이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 정서지능과 대학생활적응의 관계에서 학습몰입의 매개효과를 검증한 결과, 정서지능은 학습몰입을 매개로 대학생 활적응에 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 성별에 따른 학습몰입의 매개효과 검증결과, 여학생 집단과 고학년 집단은 전체집단과 동일하게 정서지능이 학습몰입을 매개로 대학생활적응 수준에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 즉, 정서지능은 학습몰입을 매개로 하여 간접적으로도 대학생활적응에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보이며, 이러한 효과는 성별과 학년에 따라 다르게 나타나고 있었다. 결론적으로 정서지능은 대학생들의 학교생활적응에 유의한 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 학습몰입은 정서지능과 대학생활적응의 관계를 매개하는 유의한 변인인 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 대학생의 학교생활적응을 높이기 위해 정서지능을 계발할 수 있는 프로그램을 구성하고 또한 학습에 몰입할 수 있는 환경과 학교의 지원이 필요함을 시사한다. The purpose of this study was to examine 1) the relations among emotional intelligence, learning flow, and college adaptation, and 2) the mediating effect of learning flow on the relationship between emotional intelligence and college adaptation. 284 undergraduate students (103 males, 181 females) participated in the study. The main findings of the present study as follows. First, there were positive correlations between emotional intelligence and learning flow, emotional intelligence and college adaptation, and learning flow and college adaptation. Moreover, among the sub-scales, use of emotion of emotional intelligence and unambiguous feedback of learning flow had the highest correlation with academic adjustment of college adaptation. Second, the results of the mediation analysis revealed that learning flow partially mediated the effect of emotional intelligence on college adaptation. Comparing by gender, learning flow was a mediator in the link between emotional intelligence and college adaptation in the case of female. Comparing by grade, leaning flow showed the mediating effect between motional intelligence and college adaptation in the case of junior college students. Thus, emotional intelligence not only directly influenced college adaptation, but also had an indirect effect through learning flow. The findings suggest that there is a need within universities for programs that improve emotional intelligence and that administrators and faculties should focus on creating an environment that facilitates learning flow.

대학의 동료 튜터링 프로그램 운영 사례 연구: 튜터의 경험과 인식을 중심으로

배성아(Bae, Sung Ah),노수림(Noh, Soo Rim) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2014 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.14 No.3

본 연구에서는 대학생 튜터들의 경험을 토대로 대학의 동료 튜터링 프로그램의 현황과 발전방안에 대해 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 A 대학의 동료 튜터링 프로그램에 참여하고 있는 튜터들을 대상으로 설문조사와 심층면담 조사를 병행하였 으며, 설문에 참여한 117명 중 19명을 무작위로 선정하여 인터뷰를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 동료 튜터링 프로그램에 대한 튜터들의 인식조사결과, 튜터들은 전반적으로 자신이 튜터 역할을 잘 수행하였다고 인식하고 있었고, 튜터로서 프로그램에 참여한 것에 대한 만족도도 높았으나, 학교 측의 프로그램 운영 및 관리에 대해서는 상대적으로 낮은 인식을 보였다. 둘째, 튜터링 과정에서 튜터들이 경험한 난점에 대해 조사한 결과, 다수의 튜터들이 학업지도의 어려움과 튜티 와 학습시간 맞추기 및 튜터링을 위한 학습공간 확보하기에서 어려움을 직면하였던 것으로 나타났다. 이 밖에도, 심층면담 결과, 튜터들은 ‘튜티의 참여의지 부족’으로인하여 많은 난관에 봉착하였음을 알 수 있었다. 마지막으로, 대학의 동료 튜터링 프 로그램 활성화 방안에 대한 튜터들의 의견을 살펴본 결과, 이들은 ‘튜티와 시간 맞추기’와 ‘학습공간 확보하기’ 문제 해결을 위한 학교의 지원 확대, 튜터교육의 개선, 그리고 튜티의 참여의지 제고방안 마련이 필요하다고 인식하고 있었다. 본 연구의 결 과는, 향후 대학의 동료 튜터링 프로그램이 지속적으로 발전하기 위하여, 프로그램의 내용 및 운영 개선의 방향을 제안한 자료로써 대학의 학습공동체 발전을 위해 유용하게 활용될 것으로 기대한다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the perceptions of student tutors who were part of a peer tutoring program at a university. A survey was distributed to university student tutors (N=117) who participated in the peer tutoring program and in-depth interviews were conducted based on a sub-sample (n=19) of the participants. There were three significant findings from this study. First, tutors had positive perceptions on their tutoring performance and peer tutoring program participation, but they had relatively negative perceptions of program management. Second, tutors perceived that a lack of teaching skills and logistical difficulties (i.e., scheduling, finding available space) were the most challenging aspects in tutoring. In particular, in-depth interviews revealed that tutors perceived a “lack of motivation” of tutees as the biggest obstacles in tutoring. Lastly, tutors believed that the university administration should support programs by providing protected tutoring hours and space for this service, improved training for all tutors. Finally, tutors felt that the administration should encourage active participation of tutees. The current research highlights the importance of tutor training support, of improving training programs for tutors, and of encouraging tutees’ active participation.

한국 중ㆍ노년의 미래시간조망이 주관적 안녕감에 미치는 영향

한경훈(Kyung Hun Han),노수림(Soo Rim Noh) 충남대학교 사회과학연구소 2016 사회과학연구 Vol.27 No.1

This study aims to explore associations between future time perspective and subjective well-being among middle-aged and older adults. The participants were men and women between 40 to 84 years of age (N=107) residing in Seoul metropolitan area. Four indices of subjective well-being were included: positive affect, negative affect, depression, and life satisfaction. The main findings are as follows: First, chronological age and perceptions about future time were negatively correlated and the female participants tend to have more limited future time perspective than the male participants. Perceptions of limited time left were associated with lower education, poor self-rated health, and poor cognitive state. Second, those who perceive their future time as more expanded, compared to those with limited future time perception reported higher subjective well-being (higher positive affect and life satisfaction; lower negative affect and depressive symptoms). Third, a more extended future time perspective was associated with more positive affect, higher life satisfaction, lower negative affect, and fewer depressive symptoms. Fourth, even after controlling for the general characteristics of participants, perceptions about future time significantly predicted subjective well-being. These findings represent a novel attempt at testing the association between perceptions about future time and subjective well-being among middle-aged and older Korean adults.

대학생의 개인 심리 특성이 안전행동에 미치는 영향 탐색

배성아 ( Sung Ah Bae ),노수림 ( Soo Rim Noh ),옥승용 ( Seung Yong Ok ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2016 한국안전학회지 Vol.31 No.3

As a range of accidents happen frequently in our society due to safety insensitivity, researches on individual psychological characteristics related to safety behavior and on safety education are increasing. However, safety behavior research that targets university students as potential employees remains rare. Therefore, this research investigates individual characteristics and psychological factors that affect safety behaviors of university students. Research participants were 131 university students (80 males, 51 females) from the Gyeonggi-do and Chungnam areas. Psychological characteristics (self-regulation, cognitive failure, conscientiousness, and emotional stability) were included as variables that may predict university students’ safety behaviors (habits, compliance, mistakes, and violations). The major findings of the study are as follows. Stepwise regression analysis showed conscientiousness was a major predictor explaining safety habits and safety compliance; Cognitive failure and emotional stability were main predictors explaining safety mistakes, and self-regulation was a major predictor explaining safety violations. These findings suggest that development of proper education programs focusing on individual characteristics would allow systematic improvement of safety behaviors of university students.

만성통증 환자의 불안정애착이 대인관계 문제에 미치는 영향

박유리(Yuri Park),정샛별(Saet Byeol Jeong),노수림(Soo Rim Noh),김영훈(Young Hoon Kim),조성근(Sungkun Cho) 충남대학교 사회과학연구소 2016 사회과학연구 Vol.27 No.3

This study examined the effect of insecure attachment on the interpersonal problems in chronic pain patients and perception of ambiguous emotional facial expression according to the dimension of insecure attachment. A total of 46 chronic pain patients seeking treatment in a university pain center located in Seoul, Korea were invited to participate in the study. Results showed that anxious attachment had greatest significant impact on interpersonal problems. Also, chronic pain patients with high anxious attachment perceived ambiguous faces more negatively compared to those with low anxious attachment. The study findings suggest that anxious attachment may affect interpersonal problems in chronic pain patients, through negative perception of emotional facial expression of others.

Physiological Response of Imagery Running with or without an Avatar in 3D Virtual Reality: A Preliminary Study

문경지(Kyung Ji Moon),이명철(Myung Chul Lee),홍우평(Upyong Hong),노수림(Soo Rim Noh),박창훈(Chang Hoon Park),한경훈(Kyung Hun Han) 대한운동학회 2021 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.23 No.3

[OBJECTIVES] The present study is aimed at observing the physiological response imagery running with an avatar in 3D virtual reality (VR) and to explore the differences in physiological responses between imagery running with and without an avatar in 3D VR. [METHODS] We randomly assigned 32 healthy adults to either a group with Avatar (n = 19) or a group without (n = 13). The group with avatar performed imagery exercise with an avatar in 3D VR and the group without Avatar performed it without an avatar in 3D VR. Both groups were instructed to mentally imagine performing running in VR without executing actual physical movements. We recorded electro-physiological data before, during, and after the 20-min intervention. We also measured the participants’ level of presence and intensity of experienced cybersickness. [RESULTS] In the group with Avatar, all physiological responses increased from the resting to the intervention period. The group with Avatar also showed a higher level of presence and fewer cybersickness symptoms than the group without Avatar. [CONCLUSIONS] The results suggest imagery running with an avatar in 3D VR might be effective as an alternative exercise.

단순 코골이 또는 폐쇄성 수면 무호흡증이 있는 후기 남자 청소년에서 다면적 인성 검사 결과

유민지 ( Minji Yu ),남범우 ( Beomwoo Nam ),서정석 ( Seo Jeong Seok ),노수림 ( Soo Rim Noh ),이종국 ( Jonggook Lee ),이제정 ( Je Jung Lee ),서희영 ( Heeyoung Seo ),김태현 ( Taehyun Kim ),오근 ( Keun Oh ) 한국정신병리진단분류학회 2021 精神病理學 Vol.25 No.2

Objectives The purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess the degree of Simple Snoring(SS) or Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) affecting mental health through the results of multiphasic military personality inventory. Method We collected and analyzed the results of the military personality inventory(MPI) for healthy controls and SS or OSA patients among the 19-year-old men who visited the Military Manpower Administration from January 2008 to January 2013. MPI invented for Korean military test has similar system to Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory. Results Among demographic data, education level was lower in SS or OSA group (χ2=69.49, p<0.001). Socio-economic status and parents-relationship were not statistically different between two groups (χ2=2.94, p=0.401; χ2=2.01, p=0.570). BMI was higher in SS or OSA group (t=-8.24, p<0.001). Among validity scale, the score of faking good subscale was lower in SS or OSA group (t=3.157, p=0.002). Each score of faking bad and infrequency subscale was higher in SS or OSA group (t=-3.741, p<0.001; t=-2.766, p=0.006). Among neurosis scale, each score of anxiety, depression, somatization and personality disorder subscale was higher in SS or OSA group, respectively (t=-4.060, p<0.001; t=-3.977, p<0.001; t=-4.293, p<0.001; t=-3.499, p=0.001). Among psychopath scale, each score of schizophrenia and paranoia subscales were not statistically different between two groups (t=-1.669, p=0.096; t=-2.012, p=0.045). Conclusion According to MPI results, we can confirm that SS or OSA patients may appear feature such as anxiety, depression, somatization and personality tendency (introversion or impulsivity) than the control group.