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GC-MS/MS와 LC-MS/MS를 이용한 생약재 중 261종 농약의 동시분석
나은식,김성수,홍성수,김경주,이용재,이병철,이규승 한국환경농학회 2020 한국환경농학회지 Vol.39 No.2
BACKGROUND: This study was carried out to investigate residual characteristics of diethofencarb during ginseng cultivation and processing, and to establish the maximum residue limits (MRL) of ginseng and its processed products. METHOD AND RESULTS: Supervised field trials were conducted from three fields located at Seosan, Goesan and Jeongeup in Korea. Diethofencarb 25% WP was diluted by 500 times and sprayed 4 times onto the ginseng with 10 days interval. The samples were collected at 80 days after final application. The residual amounts of diethofencarb ranged from 0.074 to 0.460 mg/kg in fresh ginseng, from 0.292 to 0.720 mg/kg in dried ginseng, and from 0.208 to 0.557 mg/kg in red ginseng. These data exceeded the ginseng’s MRL, 0.3 mg/kg. The processing factors of diethofencarb in processed products were found to be 2.64 and 1.99, respectively for dried and red ginseng. CONCLUSION: Given the lower residual concentration of red ginseng that goes through a more complicated process than dried ginseng, the residual concentrations of diethofencarb in processed ginseng products were found to be dependent on processing method. Therefore, it is necessary to reconsider the MRL of diethofencarb in fresh ginseng and its processed products. .
인삼 중 Diethofencarb의 재배포장 및 가공에 따른 잔류특성
나은식,이용재,김성수,서현석,류준상,조승현,노현호,김단비 한국환경농학회 2020 한국환경농학회지 Vol.39 No.2
BACKGROUND: This study was carried out to investigate residual characteristics of diethofencarb during ginseng cultivation and processing, and to establish the maximum residue limits (MRL) of ginseng and its processed products. METHODS AND RESULTS: Supervised field trials were conducted from three fields located at Seosan, Goesan and Jeongeup in Korea. Diethofencarb 25% WP was diluted by 500 times and sprayed 4 times onto the ginseng with 10 days interval. The samples were collected at 80 days after final application. The residual amounts of diethofencarb ranged from 0.074 to 0.460 mg/kg in fresh ginseng, from 0.292 to 0.720 mg/kg in dried ginseng, and from 0.208 to 0.557 mg/kg in red ginseng. These data exceeded the ginseng’s MRL, 0.3 mg/kg. The processing factors of diethofencarb in processed products were found to be 2.64 and 1.99, respectively for dried and red ginseng. CONCLUSION: Given the lower residual concentration of red ginseng that goes through a more complicated process than dried ginseng, the residual concentrations of diethofencarb in processed ginseng products were found to be dependent on processing method. Therefore, it is necessary to reconsider the MRL of diethofencarb in fresh ginseng and its processed products. .
인삼 중 Metcoanzole의 재배포장 및 가공에 따른 잔류특성
나은식 ( Eun-shik Na ),김성수 ( Seong-soo Kim ),서현석 ( Hyun-seok Seo ),이민정 ( Min-jeong Lee ),홍성수 ( Sung-soo Hong ),서수경 ( Su-gyeong Seo ),이병철 ( Byung-chul Lee ),김단비 ( Dan-bi Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2021 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2021 No.-
This study was carried out to investigate residual characteristics of metconazole in ginseng and calculate the processing factors in processed products, such as dried ginseng and red ginseng. Supervised field trials were conducted from three fields located at Jeungpyeong, Jeongeup and Gongju in Korea. Metconazole 20% SC was diluted by 3,000 times and sprayed 3 times onto the ginseng with 10 days interval in accordance with its critical GAP in Korea. Ginseng roots were harvested from each field 50 days after last application. In addition, fresh ginsengs were collected five times at 0, 10, 30, 50 and 70 days after last application from separate plots in Jeungpyeong and Gongju test field for decline study on the test pesticide. The LOQ of metconazole in ginsneg and its processed products were all 0.005 mg/kg. Recoveries of the metconazole for ginseng and its processed products at 0.005, 0.05 and 1.0 mg/kg ranged from 89.5 to 103.79%. The amounts of metconazole residues in ginseng and its processed products such as dried ginseng and red ginseng were 0.023-0.079, 0.087-0.637 and 0.084-0.501 mg/kg, respectively. The maximum residual amount at 0, 10, 30, 50 and 70 day after last application was 0.179 mg/kg. Processing factors of metconazole for dried ginseng and red ginseng were 2.70-7.92 and 3.53-6.21, respectively. Given the higher residual of red ginseng that goes through a more complicated process than dried ginseng, the residual concentration of metconazole in processed ginseng products were found to be dependent on processing method.
LC-MS/MS를 이용한 인삼가공품 중 스피로테트라맷과 대사체의 잔류특성
나은식 ( Eun-shik Na ),김성수 ( Seong-soo Kim ),서현석 ( Hyun-seok Seo ),홍성수 ( Sung-soo Hong ),서수경 ( Su-gyeong Seo ),이용재 ( Yong-jae Lee ),김단비 ( Dan-bi Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2023 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2023 No.0
Residue of pesticides was difference depending on the type of pesticide, drying and processing conditions. This study was carried out to elucidate residual characteristics of spirotetramat and its metabolites in ginseng and determine its processing factors and reduction factors in processed products, such as dried ginseng and red ginseng. The pesticide used in the study spirotetramat 22% suspension concentrate, which was diluted 2,000 times according to Korean safety standards and treated two times at 7-day intervals until 14 days before harvest. After last application of pesticide on the study field, the ginseng samples were collected at one time on the expected harvest date, and processed into dried ginseng and red ginseng. In order to investigate the decline pattern of spirotetramat and its metabolites in/on ginseng, fresh ginseng samples were collected on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 after last application of pesticide. The extraction of pesticides was carried out by modified the Korea Food Standards Codex sample extraction and determination was performed using LC-MS/MS. The method was validated with an LOQ of 0.005 mg/kg for fresh ginseng and its processed products. Concurrent mean recoveries (n=15) of spirotetramat and its metabolites at three fortified levels were in the range of 105.06±3.87 for fresh ginseng, 99.41±2.53 for dried ginseng and 103.31±3.12% for red ginseng. In residue study, the results from three trials show that mean total residues of spirotetramat in fresh ginseng were from 0.007 to 0.034 mg/kg. Mean spirotetramat residues in the processed products such as dried ginseng and red ginseng were from 0.020 to 0.115 and 0.023 to 0.053 mg/kg, respectively. In decline study, the results from three field trials show that spirotetramat residues in ginseng were gradually decreased with time. Mean processing factors of spirotetramat for the processed products of ginseng from 2.81 to 3.39 for the dried ginseng, from 1.56 to 3.58 for the red ginseng. The reduction factors of spirotetramat for the processed products of ginseng ranged from 0.57 to 0.74 for the dried ginseng, from 0.34 to 0.72 for the red ginseng.
인삼 중 Carbendazim의 재배포장 및 가공에 따른 잔류특성
나은식 ( Eun-shik Na ),김성수 ( Seong-soo Kim ),서현석 ( Hyun-seok Seo ),이민정 ( Min-jeong Lee ),홍성수 ( Sung-soo Hong ),서수경 ( Su-gyeong Seo ),이병철 ( Byung-chul Lee ),김단비 ( Dan-bi Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2022 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2022 No.-
This study was carried out to investigate residual characteristics of carbendazim in ginseng and calculate the processing factors in processed products, such as dried ginseng and red ginseng. Supervised field trials were conducted from three fields located at Jeongeup, Jeungpyeong and Gongju in Korea. The mixed formulation of carbendazim 25% and diethofencarb 25% wettable powder (WP) was foliar applied four times at a nominal rate of 0.758 kg a.i./ha with a 10-day interval, according to its pre-harvest interval (PHI) in Republic of Korea. Ginseng roots were harvested from each site 80 days after the last application. Ginseng roots were harvested from each field 80 days after last application. The harvested ginsengs were processed into dried ginseng and red ginseng according to the conventional methods in Republic of Korea. In addition, fresh ginsengs were collected five times at 0, 20, 50, 80 and 100 days after the last application from separate plots in Jeungpyeong and Gongju for decline study on the test pesticide. Residues of carbendazim in fresh ginseng and its processed products were analyzed by the verified analytical method using an ultra performance liquid chromatograph equipped with mass spectrometer(UPLC-MS/MS). The LOQ of carbendazim in ginseng and its processed products were all 0.005 mg/kg. Concurrent mean recoveries(n=15) of carbendazim at three fortified levels were of 76.06±1.81 for fresh ginseng and 100.90±4.42 for dried ginseng and 100.40±4.16% for red ginseng. Amounts of carbendazim in fresh ginseng ranged from 0.011 to 0.021 mg/kg in Jeongeup and Gongju, whereas no residue detected in Jeungpyeong and those in decline study were time-coursely decreased over the time. Residues of carbendazim in the dried ginseng and red ginseng ranged from 0.009 to 0.047 and from 0.011 to 0.080 mg/kg in Jeongeup and Gongju, whereas no residue detected in Jeungpyeong, respectively. Processing factors of carbendazim for dried ginseng and red ginseng were from 0.74 to 2.49 and from 1.04 to 4.25, respectively. Given the higher residual of red ginseng that goes through a more complicated process than dried ginseng, the residual concentration of carbendazim in processed ginseng products were found to be dependent on processing method.
연구본문 : 토양환경 ; 국내 폐금속 광산지역에서의 토양, 지하수, 쌀의 중금속 노출에 따른 인체 위해성평가
나은식 ( Eun Shik Na ),이용재 ( Yong Jae Lee ),고광용 ( Kwang Yong Ko ),정덕영 ( Doug Young Chung ),이규승 ( Kyu Seung Lee ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회지 Vol.32 No.4
BACKGROUND: The objectives of this study are to investigate the contamination levels of heavy metals in soil, ground water, and agricultural product near the abandoned Boeun and Sanggok mine areas in Korea and to assess the health risk for these local residents exposed to the toxic heavy metals based on analytical data. METHODS AND RESULTS: By the results of human health risk assessment for local residents around Boeun and Sanggok, human exposure to cadmium, copper, arsenic from soil and to lead, cadmium, and arsenic from rice grain were higher in Sanggok, but human exposure to zinc and arsenic from ground water was higher in Boeun. By the results of hazard index (HI) evaluation for arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc, HI values in both areas were higher than 1.0. This result indicated that the toxicity hazard through the continuous exposure to lead, cadmium, arsenic from rice, ground water, and soil would be likely to occur to the residents in the areas. Cancer risk assessment for arsenic, risks from the rice were exposed to one to two out of 10,000 people in Boeun and one of 1,000 people in Sanggok. These results showed that the cancer risks of arsenic in both areas were 10~100 times greater than the acceptable cancer risk range of US EPA (1×10-6~1×10-5). CONCLUSION(S): Therefore, if these two local residents consume continuously with arsenic contaminated soil, ground water, and rice, the adverse health effects (carcinogenic potential) would be more increased.
쪽파[Allium ascalonicum L.] 재배기간 중 Diazinon, Iprodione 및 Chlorfenapyr의 잔류랑 변화
고광용,나은식,김성헌,김상준,장영희,이규승 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2005 농업과학연구 Vol.32 No.2
In order to know the residual pattern of pesticides and predict to the degradation period until below MRL, we experimented diazinon, iprodinon and chlorfenapyr for shallot. They were the most detected pesticide in shallot by NAQS (National Agricultural product Quality management Service) survey. In this experiment, we sprayed those pesticides 15days before harvest and analyzed 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 day sample to establish logical equation and to calculate DT_(50). During the cultivating period, the residue amount of diazinon was changed from 1.02 mg/kg (0 day) to 0.01 mg/kg (14 day), DT_(50) was 2.19 days, and iprodione was changed from 1.45 mg/kg (0 day) to 0.14 mg/kg (14 day), DT_(50) was 4.15 days, and chlorfenapyr was changed from 1.5 mg/kg (0 day) to 0.01 mg/kg (14 day), DT_(50) was 1.97 days. The DT_(50) of double amount in those pesticides, diazinon was 2.24 days, iprodione was 4.82 days, and chlorfenapyr was 2.24 days, respectively.