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이정환(Jung Whan Lee),송치욱(Chi Wook Song),허병원(Byung Won Hur),강창돈(Chang Don Kang),진윤태(Yoon Tae Jeen),전훈재(Hoon Jai Chun),이홍식(Hong Sik Lee),이상우(Sang Woo lee),엄순호(Soon Ho Um),최재현(Jai Hyun Choi),김창덕(Chang Duck 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2000 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.6 No.1
N/A Background/Aims: It is suggested that diffuse esophagenl spasm (DES), nutcracker esophagus (NUT), and hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter (HLES) could be re-classified together as a spastic esophageal motility disorder of similar clinical background. However, there were no studies to evaluate the pathophysiological characteristics of these motor abnormalities. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes of esophageal motor function depending on the different types of the bolus (water vs semi-solid bolus). Methods: Twenty-one healthy subjects and 42 subjects with primary esophageal motility disorders (4 DES, 12 NUT, 5 HLES, 12 nonspecific esophageal motility disorders, 9 normal) underwent a perfusion manometry with a low compliance pneumo-hydraulic capillary infusion system. Consecutively, each patient had l0 swallows of water and 10 swallows of Jello, 5 ml each. Results: In the healthy controls, the Jello swallow showed an increased amplitude and duration of distal esophageal contraction, and the velocity of peristalsis was decreased (p<0.05). Among all patients diagnosed by manometry with the water swallow, 2 cases diagnosed with HLES (40%) and 4 with NUT (33%) were changed to a diagnoses of DES after the Jello swallow. Moreover, HLES was found in 1 patient with DES (25%) and in 6 patients with NUT (50%). Conclusions: Semi-solid bolus swallows increase the contractile force of the esophagus more than water swallows. A conventional manometric diagnosis could be changed to a different spastic motility disorder of the esophagus after a semi-solid bolus swallow. It is suggested that DES, NUT, and HLES can be considered as a spectrum of spastic esophageal motility disorders sharing a similar pathophysiology. (Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Motility 2000;6;ll-19)
산화질소가 Guinea Pig 의 Oddi 괄약근 운동에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
김재선(Jae Seon Kim),현진해(Jin Hai Hyun),박영태(Young Tae Bak),김창덕(Chang Duck Kim) 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.50 No.1
N/A Objectives: Recent studies indicate that intric oxide (NO) is a novel inhibitory neurotransmitter involved in several functions of many gastrointestianl organs. But only a few studies regarding its effect on sphincter of Oddi (SO) function were done until now. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of NO on motility of SO in L-arginine, a substrate of NO, inhibits SO motility, if NO is an important transmitter controlling the motility of SO. Methods: After laparotomy, a pressure-monitoring perfusion catheter was introduced into the lumen of SO through common bile duct and another catheter into the 2nd portion of duedenum through low body of stomach, and tonic pressure and phasic contractions of SO were monitored with TDS 8000 Manometry System(Sandhill Scientific, USA) during baseline period and after infusing a specific NO synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine(Sigma: L-NNA, 5 mg/kg body weight), and cholecystokinin-8(Squibb: CCk, 25 or 50pmol/kg body weight). Results: 1) Tonic pressure and phasic contractions were significantly increased after administration of the NO synthase inhibitor. The response to CCk was enhanced by the NO synthase inhibitor. 2) Addigion of the substrate of NO suppressed the NO synthase inhibitor-induced increase of the tonic pressure and phasic contractions, and also suppressed the NO synthase inhibitor-induced enhancement of the response to CCK. 3) Administration of only NO substrate did not significantly change the tonic pressure and phasic contractions of resting stage and the response to CCK. Conclusion: These findings suggest that NO is an important neurotransmitter that is responsible for the inhibitory neural regulation of the SO motility. But the administration of the substrate of NO, L-arginine, alone does not seem to be useful for the management of SO dysfunction
보리수나무 뿌리혹으로부터 Frankia EuIKI 공생균주의 분리
김성천(Sung Chun Kim),구창덕(Chang Duck Ku),박민철(Min Chul Park),김준호(Chun Ho Kim),송승달(Seung Dal Song),안정선(Chung Sun An) 한국식물학회 1993 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.36 No.2
The root nodules of Elaeagnus umbellata were coralloid-shape due to repeated dichotomous branching of nodule meristem. The filamentous endophyte with vesicle cluster ranging from 30 ㎛ to 60 ㎛ in diameter was present only in the cortical cells. The isolated endophytes in vitro culture showed typical Frankia morphology, consisting of highly branched hyphae ranging from 0.8 ㎛ to 1.0 ㎛ in diameter, terminal and intraphyphal sporangia varing in shape and size up to 60 ㎛ in length and laminated vesicles. Its infectivity and effectivity were confirmed by induction of nitrogen-fixing root nodules on the inoculated seedlings of two Elaeagnus species. Consequently, the isolate was confirmed as a true symbiont of Elaeagnus umbellata root nodule and named Frankia EuIK1.
강창돈(Chang Don Kang),송치욱(Chi Wook Song),구자설(Ja Soul Koo),손수민(Soo Min Sohn),김혜랑(Hye Rang Kim),진윤태(Yoon Tae Jeen),전훈재(Hoon Jai Chun),엄순호(Soon Ho Um),김창덕(Chang Duck Kim),류호상(Ho Sang Ryu),현진해(Jin Hai Hyun) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2001 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.7 No.1
N/A Background/Aims: The competency of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) holds the key in unlocking pathophysiologic mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, a relationship between GERD and the incompetent GEJ has not been established. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between the shape of the GEJ and gastroesophageal acid reflux. Methods: Forty six patients with reflux symptoms underwent an endoscopy, esophageal manometry and 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring. Patients were placed in 3 groups according to the shape of their GEJ, categorized by a retroflex view of the endoscopy; type I - gastroesophageal fold without a pouch, type II - no pouch and no fold, and type III - a pouch without a fold. Results: In type II and III, LESP was reduced. However, %of time with the pH < 4.0 was increased in type III only. There was a significant correlation between the size of a hiatal hernia and the shape of the GEJ. There was a relationship between the grade of esophagitis and the shape of the GEJ. Conclusions: The retroflex endoscopic finding of the GEJ focusing on the presence or absence of a GE fold and hiatal pouch, could be an indicator of whether a patient has GERD.(Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Motility 2001;7:29-35)
대장 용종에서 cyclooxygenase - 2 와 vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) 의 발현
이창우(Chang Woo Lee),이구(Goo Lee),김동훈(Dong Hoon Kim),전훈재(Hoon Jai Chun),서정일(Jeong Ill Suh),양창헌(Chang Heon Yang),김수근(Soo Keun Kim),김창덕(Chang Duck Kim),류호상(Ho Sang Ryu),현진해(Jin Hae Hyun),김한겸(Han Kyeon Kim) 대한내과학회 2001 대한내과학회지 Vol.61 No.3
N/A Background : Recent studies showed that non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug may reduce the risk of colorectal cancers. So its potential target, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in colorectal cancers has been widely investigated. However, the rate and patterns of COX-2 expression in colorectal polyps have been quite variable among study groups. Furthermore, its role has not been established. The study aim is to investigate the expressions of COX-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and to evaluate the role of COX-2 in colorectal polyps. Methods : Fifty-seven colorectal polyps from endoscopic polypectomy or surgical resection were enrolled. Polyps were as follows; 9 were hyperplastic polyps, 14 mild, 26 moderate dysplasia, 8 high grade adenomas (5 severe dysplasia, a carcinoma in situ, and two intramucosal carcinomas). They were stained for COX-2 and VEGF by immunohistochemistry. The intensity of staining according to histologic grades and size of polyp was semi-quantitatively assessed. Results : COX-2 was expressed in 18 cases (31.8%) by dysplastic epithelium and 29 cases (50.9%) by interstitial cells. Epithelial COX-2 expressions were significantly related to histologic grades and size, and begun at moderate dysplasia actually. Interstitial COX-2 was little related to histologic grades and size. VEGF was expressed in 35 cases (61.4%). There was close relationship between epithelial COX-2 and VEGF expressions. Conclusion : COX-2 is expressed both in dysplastic epithelium and interstitial cells of colorectal polyps. Our results suggest that epithelial COX-2 expression may be playing a role in tumorigenesis of colorectal polyp, possibly involved in angiogenesis with VEGF.(Korean J Med 61:240-248, 2001)
한국에서 9월의 기상인자가 송이 발생에 미치는 영향과 그 극복방안
박현,김교수,구창덕 ( Hyun Park,Kyo Soo Kim,Chang Duck Koo ) 한국산림과학회 1995 한국산림과학회지 Vol.84 No.4
Relationships between pine-mushroom(Tricholoma matsutake) yield and important climatic factors for the yield(such as monthly precipitation, relative humidity, temperature, and radiation percentage) were examined to find out limiting factors for pine-mushroom production and to develop a method for overcoming the factors by analyzing the yield and climate data for 17 years collected from 18 main regions of pine-mushroom production. Although there were variations among the production regions, climatic condition of September was the most significant factor for pine-mushroom yield in general, and the degrees of importance of each climatic factors were different among the production regions. Mean minimum temperature of September was positively correlated with pine-mushroom yield(r²◎0.41) at the 1% level, of which were 9 regions such as Youngduck, U1jin, Samchuck, Bongwha arid so on. In these regions, vegetation control was expected to be effective for pine-mushroom production by allowing much sunlight penetration to the pine stand, which may increase soil temperature and keeping the temperature around the fungal colony in soil. Precipitation during September was positively correlated with pine-mushroom yield(r²◎0.41) at Namwon, Moonkyung and Sangju. Thus, irrigation around fungal colony in dry soil during September would be effective for enhancing mushroom yield at the regions. Pine-mushroom yield of 1994 was quite low, similar to that of 1993, due to serious drought. In this period, we could manifest the possibility of enhancing pine-mushroom yield by irrigation for overcoming drought at Moonkyung and Keochang regions.
간세포암 환자의 종양병기 평가에 대한 Up-to-Seven Score의 임상적 유용성
정창호 ( Chang Ho Jung ),서연석 ( Yeon Seok Seo ),이재민 ( Jae Min Lee ),윤석배 ( Seok Bae Yoon ),윤태정 ( Tae Jung Yun ),임선영 ( Sun Young Yim ),안형진 ( Hyonggin An ),엄순호 ( Soon Ho Um ),김창덕 ( Chang Duck Kim ),류호상 ( Ho 대한간암학회 2014 대한간암학회지 Vol.14 No.1
Background/Aims: Up-to-seven criteria was proven to be useful for predicting prognosis after liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to evaluate that up-to-seven score could be useful method for prediction of prognosis in patients with HCC who did not undergo liver transplantation. Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2008, 216 HCC patients without vascular invasion, lymph node and distant metastasis were analyzed retrospectively. We investigated the prognostic impact of laboratory findings, clinical characteristics, modified UICC T stage, and up-to-seven score in HCC. The survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier Results: Two-hundred sixteen patients with HCC were included. Age was 60.1±11.3 years and 74.5% were male. Chronic hepatitis B was the most common cause of liver disease (60.6%). T stage was T1, T2, and T3 in 36 (16.7%), 118 (54.6%), and 62 (28.7%) patients, respectively. Up-to-even score was 5.5±4.0 and it was <3 (UTS 1), ≥3 and ≤7 (UTS 2), and >7 (UTS 3) in 36 (16.7%), 133 (61.6%), and 47 (21.8%) patients, respectively. The 10 (8.5%) patients of T2 stage were classified into UTS 3 and 25 (40.3%) patients of T3 stage were classified into UTS 2. The prognosis was significantly different in patients with T2 or T3 according to their UTS. Multivariate analysis showed that Child-Pugh score and UTS were significantly associated Conclusions: Up-to-seven score was useful to predict prognosis and to evaluate tumor stage in patients without vascular invasion, lymph node and distant metastasis.