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교육과 자아효능감이 건강정보채널 이용에 끼치는 영향에 대한 이해
최유진(You Jin Choi),김장열(Jang Yul Kim) 한국광고홍보학회 2009 한국광고홍보학보 Vol.11 No.2
본 연구는 인구통계학적 변인과 건강정보에 관한 자아효능감(self-efficacy)이 건강정보 채널이용에 끼치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 교육수준, 소득수준 및 연령별로 자아효능감, 건강정보채널 이용, 의료전문가 의존도의 차이점을 미국 성인 패널 우편 설문조사 자료를 통해 연구하였다. 분석결과 저학력, 저소득, 고연령층일수록 낮은 자아효능감을 보여주었다. 높은 수준의 자아효능감을 가질수록 인터넷과 의료전문가를 건강정보 채널로 많이 이용하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 자아효능감이 낮은 수용자들을 대상으로 하는 캠페인은 신문과 방송 매체, 친지, 종교기관을 이용하는 것이 효과적일 수 있음을 시사한다. 또한 본 연구의 결과는 보건복지가족부의 `국민건강증진종합계획 2010` 캠페인의 매체 선정의 틀을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. This study examined how education and self-efficacy for health information account for health information channel use-traditional media, interactive media and interpersonal channels. Through an analysis of a mail panel survey conducted among a representative group of U.S. adults (N=13, 260), we examined differences in self-efficacy, health information channel use, and doctor dependence across demographic groups. Older, lower income, and lower education groups displayed lower self-efficacy for health information. Respondents who have higher self-efficacy reported higher levels of using the Internet for health information and collaborating with their doctor. The findings imply that health campaigns need to target newspapers, television, family, friends and religious groups in order to reach people who have a hard time comprehending health information from their doctor and the Internet. How to direct health campaigns and public relations efforts for the Korean Health Plan 2010 should be studied in the context of channels to reach target consumers.
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PR회사 보상제도에 대한 탐색적 연구 -대리이론 접근을 중심으로
유선욱 ( Sun Wook Yoo ),김장열 ( Jang Yul Kim ) 한국PR학회 2015 PR연구 Vol.19 No.1
This study reviews the status quo of the commonly practiced compensation systems in Korea’s PR industry. It discusses factors affecting the current systems, and proposes future directions aimed at further developing the industry. Twenty-three PR professionals were interviewed. Payment for PR services is normally assessed by time fees, but the payment methods vary in three types, such as monthly retainer fees, fixed project fees, and ad hoc time fees based on the hours committed per staff level. Fixed minimum fee plus additional fees, and value fees were occasionally practiced. In addition, reflecting the changes in media environment, a commission system for media buying service is practiced by some agencies. Common phenomena which occur include the increasing PR service scopes and volumes within the retainer fees, conflicts centered on the time fees between the PR firms and the clients, and the excessive requests of fee discounts and rejection of agency mark-ups. This study argues that these conflicts are related to the cut-throat competition among PR firms, trend of selecting PR firms by the purchasing department, the unfair culture (‘Gab-Eul’ culture) between firms and its clients, as well as changes in the media environment. There is a lack of understanding of the PR industry, which provides sophisticated knowledge-based services that clients often fail to acknowledge. In addition, it criticizes the short-term and sporadic relationships between the PR firms and the clients and the lack of professionalism among the PR firms and practitioners. How payment for PR services is made is not only a crucial thesis for the growth and status of theindustry, but also a key issue for the industry to achieve positive outcomes built upon a virtuous value chain. This study is significant as it publicly draws attention to these important issues as well as calling for the joint effort of the industry and the academia to open the forum for discussion.
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고품질 4H-SiC 단결정 성장을 위한 다공성 흑연 판의 역할
이희준,이희태,신희원,박미선,장연숙,이원재,여임규,은태희,김장열,전명철,이시현,김정곤,Lee, Hee-Jun,Lee, Hee-Tae,Shin, Hee-Won,Park, Mi-Seon,Jang, Yeon-Suk,Lee, Won-Jae,Yeo, Im-Gyu,Eun, Tai-Hee,Kim, Jang-Yul,Chun, Myoung-Chul,Lee, Si-Hyun 한국결정성장학회 2015 한국결정성장학회지 Vol.25 No.2
본 연구에서는 PVT법으로 4H-SiC 단결정 성장 시 다공성 흑연판을 사용하여 Si/C 비율이나 온도구배, 물질전달의 향상시킴으로써 고품질의 SiC 단결정 기판 제작을 목적으로 연구를 진행하였다. 연구에 사용된 SiC 소스 물질은 흑연 도가니에 넣어 흑연 단열재로 쌓인 구조로 실험을 하였다. 성장온도는 $2100{\sim}2300^{\circ}C$, 그리고 성장압력은 10~30 Torr의 압력으로 아르곤과 질소 분위기에서 성장시켰다. 종자정은 2인치의 $4^{\circ}$ off-axis 4H-SiC의 C면 (000-1)을 사용하였고 다공성 흑연판은 SiC 소스 물질 위에 삽입하였다. 4H-SiC 결정다형 안정화를 위한 C-rich 조건이나 균일한 온도구배를 만들어주기 위해 다공성 흑연판을 삽입하여 실험을 진행하였다. 일반적인 도가니의 경우, 성장된 wafer에서 6H-, 15R-SiC와 같은 다양한 결정다형이 관찰된 반면에 다공성 흑연판을 삽입한 도가니에서는 4H-SiC만 관찰되었다. 또한 다공성 흑연판을 삽입한 도가니에서 성장된 결정에서 MP나 EP의 낮은 결함밀도를 보였으며 결정성 또한 향상된 것을 학인하였다. The present research is focused on the effect of porous graphite what is influenced on the 4H-SiC crystal growth by PVT method. We expect that it produces more C-rich and a change of temperature gradient for polytype stability of 4H-SiC crystal as adding the porous graphite in the growth cell. The SiC seeds and high purity SiC source materials were placed on opposite side in a sealed graphite crucible which was surrounded by graphite insulator. The growth temperature was around $2100{\sim}2300^{\circ}C$ and the growth pressure was 10~30 Torr of an argon pressure with 5~15 % nitrogen. 2 inch $4^{\circ}$ off-axis 4H-SiC with C-face (000-1) was used as a seed material. The porous graphite plate was inserted on SiC powder source to produce a more C-rich for polytype stability of 4H-SiC crystal and uniform radial temperature gradient. While in case of the conventional crucible, various polytypes such as 6H-, 15R-SiC were observed on SiC wafers, only 4H-SiC polytype was observed on SiC wafers prepared in porous graphite inserted crucible. The defect level such as MP and EP density of SiC crystal grown in the conventional crucible was observed to be higher than that of porous graphite inserted crucible. The better crystal quality of SiC grown using porous graphite plate was also confirmed by rocking curve measurement and Raman spectra analysis.
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