여행업 고용 및 환경특성이 직무만족과 고객지향성에 미치는 영향

김의신 수원대학교 호텔관광대학원 2012 국내석사

Changes in managerial environments of travel agencies are very rapid in terms of their width and speed. Because of unique characteristics of tourism industry to respond to external environments sensitively, uncertain managerial environments changes employment type to have more contractors and part‐timers. Accordingly, job security gets lower and it consequently makes negative influence on not only employees but also customer services. Accordingly, it was tried to induce precedent variables influencing employment insecurity of the employees as the employment insecurity became the biggest issue in the changes of managerial environments of travel agencies. Based on the result, it was tried to find the efficient human resources management method by identifying its effects on the job satisfaction and the customer‐orientation. For the purpose of the study, literature review and empirical study were executed together. In the literature study, theoretical frame of this study was made by analyzing previous studies such as employment characteristics, environmental characteristics, employment instability, job satisfaction, and customer‐orientation utilizing domestic and overseas books, articles, and other publications. For empirical analysis, a total of 298 questionnaires were used on employees of top 20 travel agencies located in Seoul in 2011 Korea Tourism Association List and the analysis methods were frequency analysis, reliability and factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. It was found that the employment characteristics and environmental characteristics made influence on the employment insecurity of the employees of travel agencies and that the recent rapid changing environments and employment restructuring increased the job loss and the sense of helplessness. It is needed to enhance their sense of belongings and self‐esteem through internal marketing so that they could be satisfied with their jobs and have affection on them. Additionally, the quality of service that the employees provide customers becomes more important in service industry. In order to provide the service that the customers want in the relationship with customers, continuous investment in and attention to the employees are needed. Through the new perception on the employment insecurity of the employees, there should be proper job supports so that there could be communication and trust in place in the organization. As this study limited the subjects as travel agencies on its study on the employment insecurity according to employment and environmental characteristics, further studies should be followed including not only travel agencies but also airlines and land companies. Additionally, the study did not make a segmented comparative study according to various employment types of travel agencies. It is expected to expand study samples so that the employment insecurity according to employment type could be researched in the further studies.

韓國 古墳 壁畵의 內容과 樣式에 관한 硏究 : 高句麗를 中心으로

김의신 仁川大學校 敎育大學院 2000 국내석사

As for Korea, the influence of China to be continent is really great in culture and art. And, Korea has special form and is forming gorgeous and light native color in color also, as the continental side to be influenced form China in culture and the side that Korea has developed in its own way formed the double structure of mutual supplement. The atmosphere of mural art of Koryo period is expressing beautiful element in really calm, intense, silent and complex atmosphere. The spirit of then Kokuryo people overflowed, as they wielded influence on the whole of Manchuria, and the south of Yoha. So, the dignified spirit and healthy body and soul of Kokuryo are appearing everywhere in the Kokuryo mural which is then drawing. We will have to form new Korean painting to be able to be Korean characteriser, traditional, racial and permanent by illuminating cultural inheritance of these ancestors in the science civilization of today again. Kokuryo mural is fine and beautiful in comparison with the Tunhuang mural of China or the graffito of Siberia. And though it is said that it is not the mural that technique talls behind or it is grand in comparison with the mural of China, technique is fully ripened and color is clear in comparison with the mural of China. And the atmosphere and color of characteristic of Korea are intense. What is most important is that modeers can taste the old mood of Korean painting by observing the atmosphere of the period which prevailed since the early 4th century with the way of thinking of painting of modeers. In comparing Kokuryo mural with Chinese mural, though it is no fully ripened technically and from the viewpoint of the art of drawing. it can be said that the Kokuryo mural of Korea is greater emotionally, or in the expression of color and light and shade of characteristic of Korea and the flow and flexibility of line. Kokuryo mural expressed the method to show light and shade proficiently in comparison with the mural of China. We can say that all the murals to express thing handled the color to express soft and quiet feeling well. Then, this is what reflected the lofty, beautiful and racial taste of Kokuryo people who like soft and clear color than thick color and light color than heavy color. It can be said that the mural of Kokuryo expressed powerful, progressive, fine and elegant style of painting and that the beautiful and soft coloring and the expert expression of light and darkness shows that the feeling and emotion of our race is light and rich in Kokuryo period, like this. The ancient tomb mural of Kokuryo showed the occasinal reaction under the influence and stimulus form contemporary Chinese fine art, but it is forming the feature to be able to be said as Kokuryo style and the individualistic mural style in the contents, composition and technique etc. of painting. And, form such viewpoint, the ancient tomb mural of Kokuryo is securing the important place in the whole of Oriental ancient culture as well as the Oriental ancient fine art. And, expecially, dynamic color and line that late folk-painting shows are another highest level that Oriental painting reached. As this Kokuryo mural used 3 point perspective mainly in showing distance, various foci which are not one focus were formed on one picture. So, it can be said that failing to express exact distance relation is some point at issue of Kokuryo mural, as the central composition of 3 parts are formed in every place where painters stand. But, this shows alterative side to try to solve distance relation with the composition of stair style or the bird's eye view. And, in the side of aesthetic sense to form drawing, color and beautiful form, the racial temperament of Kokuryo is expressed exceptionally. Thus, it can be said that some point at issue in technique fails to lower the greatness of Kokuryo mural. The plastic nature of ancient tomb mural of this period may be referred to as the fine art of life that to life philosophy, life feeling and aesthetic sense of our brethren were expressed visually. In other words, it is the aesthetic side of life ceremony and felling which are suitable for our climate and season, while our brethren live for long history. As this researcher has already clarified in this thesis, it could be seen that the ancient tomb mural of Kokuryo is the inheritance to include the plastic consciousness, and the thought, spirit and philosophy of Korean race. We should illuminate this cultural inheritance of ancestors in the science civilization of today again, and this researcher hopes that it may be a help to forming the Korean painting to be able to be Korean characteristic traditional and racial and permanent.

韓國 巫神圖의 造形性 硏究

김의신 朝鮮大學校 1996 국내석사

Korean shamanism started with the history of Korea as a fork religion and represents the Korean inner mind and the spiritual world. The icons of this shamanism are the paintings of shaman god's. Shaman paintings are enshrined by charismatic shamans, who have attained supernatural power through the experience of possession. Shaman painting is known as Hwan , Hwabun (picture), Maji (a kind of paper), Shinyongnim (spirit) or Grandfather in the shamanic world. According to the Handangogi which describes the ancient history of Korea, the painting of Lord of heaven Hwanwoung was enshrined from the Gochosun era which was a first country in Korea. Another reference to shaman paintings is in the Tongguk Yi Sang-guk chip, a collection of writings of Yi Kyu-bo (1168-1241). In an episode entitled "The Old Shaman", he wrote that a shaman "set up an altar in her house with the walls of the room covered with many images of gods painted in Tanchong". The images of gods in Tanchong colours are believed to be the same as today's shaman paintings of deep colors. Judging from the long history of shamanism and ancient records like the above mentioned, shamans are believed to have begun to revere shaman paintings as manifestations of their gods. The gods in shaman paintings are classified into two types ; deified nature and deified humans. The first type includes heaven, the sun, the moon, constellations and mountains. The second type includes kings, generals, high-ranking officials, and shaman ancestors. Shaman paintings can be classified into two types; those of a purely shaman nature and those influenced by Buddhism. The first type is characterized by bold, crude delineation without much style Being the work of untrained painters, the composition tends to be poor and the colours are not harmonious, often resulting in a rather disorganized impression. The Buddist type, on the other hand, is marked with delicate, elaborate delineation and refined composition. The colours harmonize well. The compositions of Shaman paintings are adapted trigonal, parallel and full canvas type. The trigonal type is usually used for Pyolsang, Sambul chesok to give a sense of security and dignity. Shaman paintings are characterize by a bold exaggeration of the god, the main figure at the center, while the attending figures in the lower parts are depicted in small size. But in spite of the lack of perspective, the golden proportion is kept between main god and attendants. The 5 colours, red, blue, yellow, black, and white, are mainly used with strong constrating effects. They are based on Yin and Yang and the five elements theory. The space is treated not by perspective representation but instead with colour perspective. The shape of shaman paintings has a relation with the regional distribution. The hereditary shamans, who occupy the southern region of Korea, don't enshrine shaman paintings. The charismatic shamans, who are in the central and northern regions, enshrine. There are outstanding differences between the Hwanghae-do region and the Seoul and Kyonggi-do resions. The Seoul and Kyunggi-do type of paintings are usually on silk or cotton cloth and are drawn in a Buddist style. The Hwanghae-do type are on paper and are drawn in a folk style. Tangchae, strong, bright pigments imported from China, and Sokchae, mineral colors made in Korea, are used. But in recent years the usage of mineral colors has been reduced and chemical pigments are used because of their price and convenience.

ASP 사용자 만족도에 영향을 미치는 변수에 대한 탐색적 연구 : An Exploratory Study of Factors Influencing on ASP (Application Service Provider) User Satisfaction

김의신 이화여자대학교 대학원 2006 국내석사

In the perspective of small and mid-sized companies, ASP is a new business model that allows them to implement efficiently in short time at low initial costs. Due to this usefulness, Gartner Group predicted that ASP industry would grow into 253 million dollar market and would generate 100% growth rate annually (Cole et., 1999). Also, IDC predicted the growth of industrial APS industry to 20 million dollar market up to year of 2003 (IDC, 1999). But in the case of Korean market, ASP is facing difficulty in expansion of market size due to poor recognition of ASP service, and lack of credibility and failure developing ASP business model to fit various industry. Also at this limited market, as more vendors enter the outsourcing business and organizations battle to remain competitive and technologically competent, service quality and system quality are of fundamental importance. (Grover, Cheon, Teng; 1996). Therefore, to remain competitive, determining which service quality factors and system quality factors affect user satisfaction is important. Through this research, the purpose of this research is to determine which system and service quality factors affect user company satisfaction. This research will review previous researches on system quality and service quality factors and provide concise review of the previous researches. Also this research will exam whether the IS level of users knowledge and involvement is considered important and needed in providing general or specific ASP. Through determining this, companies will be able to decide which factors among system quality and service quality to concentrate on to improve user satisfaction. This research researched system quality factors and service quality factors from previous researches such as Grover, Cheon & Teng (1996) which affects information system user satisfaction. Mediator factors which are level of IS knowledge and user involvement is also reviewed. Since ASP compromised of application, network, and data and these factors should inter-coordinate well in order to achieve successful ASP. The system quality that we want to measure through this research is the ability to process provided the applications such as software from ASP vendor and IT infra structure, network connectivity, users PC is included in the system. In IS area, previous studies were done about system quality. Among them, the constructs that fit into ASP context are accessibility, currency, reliability, security, and flexibility. Pitt et. al argues that service quality needs to be considered as an additional measure of IS success (Pitt et., 1995). ASP users do not just want a PC and ASP application. Rather, they seek the system that satisfies ASP needs. Thus, the service quality should be considered and as factors for service quality, reliability, assurance, responsiveness has been chosen in this research. According to Joshi (1990), level of user's IS knowledge is considered as one of the major factor that affect user satisfaction. In MIS context, level of user's IS knowledge refers to issues such as training and existing knowledge of information system (Swanson, 1947). In ASP context, level of users knowledge may or may not be considered important due to characteristic of ASP. Therefore, IS knowledge should be tested as a moderator. According to Joshi (1990), users involvement is considered as one of the major factor that affect user satisfaction. User involvement in the process of developing information systems has been known to be a critical component of eventual success. (Jiang, Chen, and Klein, 2002) In MIS context, user's involvement refers to issues such as involvement in system design and system implementation. (Swanson, 1947). In ASP context, users involvement is also considered important in a way that using ASP application is part of business process reengineering. For successful implementation of ASP application use, users involvement should be carefully reviewed. While user satisfaction is considered a dependent variable in this study, system quality and service quality are considered as independent variables that cause the user satisfaction. As a moderator, this study also investigates whether level of user's IS knowledge and Users Involvement affect user satisfaction. Expert interviews and survey instrument were used in this study. The survey was given to managers who were in charge of ASP or made contract with ASP vendor. Of the 80 survey instruments distributed, 52 were returned and usable (65 percent response rate). To test the relationship- (1) between dependent variable and each of independent variables and (2) between each pair of independent variables Pearson correlation coefficients was used. After the test, there seem to have relationship between system quality, service quality and user satisfaction. The validity and reliability of the instrument were evaluated. Construct validity was examined by factor analysis, using the principal components method with a varimax rotation. After factor analysis, six factors were named according to their characteristics. Credibility, System Usability, System support, Security, System Currency, Ubiquitousness. Six factors resulted from factor analysis is used to examine whether they affect user satisfaction and moderator from the original research model is added to develop following hypotheses. As a result, a regression model, five factors which are Credibility, System Usability, System Support, Security, System Currency was proven to be significant (p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.023, p=0.024)) and Ubiquitousness was proven to be insignificant. Therefore, hypotheses HI, H2, H3, H4, and H5 were accepted and H6 is not accepted. The most important factor that can explain user satisfaction is Credibility (Beta=0.485), System Currency (Beta=.427) Security (Beta=0.344), System Usability (Beta=.212), and System Support (Beta=.210) listed in order of most the important to the least. The result shows that the moderating effect (Level of IT knowledge) was statistically not significant on H1a, H2a, H3a, H5a but significant on H4a. Overall, Level of IT knowledge had no moderating effect on user satisfaction. Therefore, hypotheses H1a, H2a, H3a, H5a were not supportive and H4a were supportive. Model 2 in Table 9 shows that the moderating effect (User's Involvement) was statistically significant on H1b, H2b, H3b, H4b, and H5b. Overall, Users Involvement has moderating effect on user satisfaction. After careful interview, the reason for moderating effect was although easiness of use of general software, modification was required and therefore, users involvement needed.

大邱市 住居地 類型別로 본 居住環境 評價에 關한 硏究

김의신 嶺南大學校 1990 국내박사

영어 논항 교체 구문 연구

김의신 전북대학교 2002 국내석사

'화두적 접근'을 통한 도덕과 학생중심수업 연구 : 고등학교 '윤리와사상' 수업을 중심으로

김의신 한국교원대학교 2020 국내석사

본 연구는 간화선의 수행법을 교육 현장에 적용하고자 하는 '화두적 접근'이라는 개념을 통해 학생중심수업을 설계하고 실행하여 성과를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 ‘화두적 접근’이라는 도덕교육적 개념을 분석하였고, 그것이 ‘윤리와사상’ 수업 속에서 하나의 모형으로 구현되어 교육적 의미를 지닐 수 있기 위한 요소를 설정하였다. 이 구성 요소들은 다섯 가지로 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학생들에게 생생한 물음이 되기 위해서 탐구의 출발점을 학생 자신의 이야기로 삼아야 한다. 둘째, 제자의 근기를 파악하여 적절하게 대처하는 스승의 역할이 중요한 것처럼 교사와 학생의 인간적인 만남과 관계성에 주목해야 한다. 셋째, 정해진 답을 찾도록 유도하기 보다는 핵심적이면서 동시에 열려 있는 물음을 제시할 필요가 있다. 넷째, 학생들로 하여금 사상이 자신의 삶과 연관되고 변화의 계기가 될 수 있도록 반복적 성찰의 기회를 부여해야 한다. 마지막으로 자신의 깨달음과 배움을 동료들과 공유할 수 있도록 교실이 깨달음의 공동체를 지향하도록 해야 한다. ‘화두적 접근’을 다섯 가지 구성 요소를 포함하는 것으로 정의함으로써 현장 연구의 이론으로 삼았고 이를 실행하고자 실행 연구라는 연구법을 적용하였다. 수업의 개선과 발전을 위해 2회에 걸친 실행에서 설문을 바탕으로 한 면담법, 진행 과정상의 자기 성찰 및 동교 교사의 비평을 포함하여 종합적으로 분석하였다. ‘화두로 만나는 성찰일기’라고 이름붙인 활동으로써 이 활동의 기본 틀은 학생들이 주어진 주제에 대해 자신의 이야기를 서술하고 교사가 이를 바탕으로 개인별 ‘화두’를 던지면 학생들이 이 ‘화두’를 반복적으로 몇 차례 탐구하여 그것을 기록하고 자신의 답을 찾는 과정이다. 1차 활동은 소크라테스와 아리스토텔레스의 ‘앎과 실천의 문제’를 주제로 진행하였고, 이를 통해 절차나 과정상의 보완점으로써 횟수나, 기간, 수업 도구의 측면에서 2차 활동에 반영할 개선점을 찾았다. 2차 활동은 실존주의 사상의 ‘선택과 책임’을 주제로 삼았고, 성찰의 편의와 흥미 유발을 위해 학생들이 좋아할만한 수첩에 라벨지로 진행 과정을 붙여 배부함으로써 활동의 편리를 도모하였다. 공통 질문과 개별 질문을 통해 성찰 및 기록의 횟수를 늘렸고, 기간도 연장하여 진행하였으며, 자신의 성찰 결과를 공유하는 자리도 마련하였다. 활동의 종료 후 수업비평을 통해 연구의 성과를 분석하였다. 비평의 주체는 연구 참여자인 학생들과 교육공동체의 구성원인 동료교사, 그리고 본 연구자 스스로를 포함하며, 연구 과정의 공유와 소통을 통해 이루어졌다. 이를 위해 매 활동 끝에 실시한 설문 결과를 바탕으로 학생 면담과 동료 교사의 비평 및 자기성찰을 진행하였다. 학생들로부터는 자신의 이야기를 통해 스스로 성찰하는 것이 재미있었고 성찰의 결과가 다른 일상생활에도 적용되었다는 응답, 교사가 자신의 이야기로부터 개별적인 질문을 해주어서 좋았다는 응답이 다수 있었다. 또 답이 정해지지 않은 물음이라 더 흥미로웠으며, 반복적 성찰의 과정에서 자신의 주제가 시도 때도 없이 생각나기도 했고, 발표하는 과정에서 서로 위로가 되어 좋았다는 응답도 있었다. 다만 1차 활동과 달리 2차 활동은 활동 자체에 치중되어 사상과의 연계성을 찾기 어려웠다거나, 계획된 절차를 활동의 취지에 맞게 수행하기 어려웠으며, 그 결과 긍정적 효과를 찾을 수 없었다는 응답 등이 있었는데, 이를 통해 본 연구의 한계점도 찾을 수 있었다. 동료교사의 경우 대체로 교사와 학생 간의 래포 형성에 도움이 될 수 있고, 교사가 제시한 화두가 학생들의 사고 과정에 도움을 줄 수 있으며, 교육과정과의 연계 및 개인별 질문이 긍정적 효과를 낳을 수 있다는 응답 등이 있었다. 보완점으로는 학생들의 응답과 비슷하게 수업 참여도가 낮은 학생을 끌어들일 수 있는 방안이 필요하다는 점, 학생들이 생각을 표현할 다양한 방법이 필요하다는 점, 반복된 성찰에 따른 피드백이 필요하다는 점 등을 제시하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구자가 제시한 다섯 가지 구성 요소는 ‘화두적 접근’이라는 개념 속에서 학생중심수업의 도구로써 활용되어 질 수 있으며, 많은 개선점을 가지고 있음에도 ‘화두적 접근’의 구성 요소를 일정한 절차에 따라 적용할 수 있는 하나의 사례가 될 수 있다. 이는 우리의 윤리적 전통이 현재 교육에 의미 있게 적용될 수 있음을 보여준다고 할 수 있다. 나아가 활동이 제한된 상황에서 이루어지긴 했지만, 환경에 따라 각기 다르게 이루어지는 수업이 맥락에 맞게 구체적인 방법과 절차를 개선하여 적용된다면 여러 교육적 활동에 다양하게 적용할 수도 있을 것이다. 다만 수업이나 활동 자체에 흥미를 느끼지 못하는 학생들의 경우와 활동에 적극 참여하였지만 성찰에 어려움을 느낀 학생들을 위해 보다 적극적인 동기 유발 및 구체적 설명과 진행, 내용과 활동을 유기적으로 연계할 수 있는 방안 등을 마련할 필요가 있다.

住居에 있어서 寢室공간의 室內 Design에 關한 硏究

김의신 홍익대학교 산업미술대학원 1980 국내석사

駐越 韓國軍 將校 士兵에 對한 梅毒의 調査硏究

김의신 서울大學校 大學院 1967 국내석사

교육 연극을 활용한 소설 지도 방안 연구

김의 충남대학교 교육대학원 2014 국내석사

문학 속에는 인간의 삶과 사회의 모습이 담겨 있다. 따라서 학습자는 문학을 통해 자신의 삶과 사회에 대해 총체적으로 이해할 수 있으며 작품의 문학적 가치를 자신의 삶에 적용함으로써 문학의 내면화를 이루게 된다. 그러나 교육 현장에서의 문학 교육은 문학 지식만을 강조하는 교사 주도의 강의식 수업으로 인해 학습자는 교사가 전달하는 지식을 '자리에 앉아 교사가 전달하는 지식만을 받아 적는' 수동적인 위치에 머물러 문학의 내면화를 이루지 못하고 있는 현실이다. 이러한 문학 교육의 문제점을 극복하기 위한 대안 중 하나가 교육 연극을 활용한 문학 교육이다. 교육 연극은 연극을 매체로 학습자가 작품 속 인물이 되어 실연을 하는 신체적 체험을 통해 작품을 능동적으로 감상하게 하는 수업 방법이다. 이에 따라 본고에서는 중학교 3학년 교과서에 수록된 「원미동 사람들」을 중심으로 교육 연극을 활용한 수업 진행을 살펴보았다. 교육 연극을 활용한 「원미동 사람들」교수-학습과정안은 다음과 같은 면에서 효과적인 수업임을 알 수 있다. 첫째, 학습자는 교육 연극 실연을 통해 작품을 능동적으로 이해 할 수 있다. 둘째, 학습자가 작품을 각색하는 과정을 통해 상상력과 창의력을 계발할 수 있다. 셋째, 학습자는 교육 연극 기법을 활용하여 자신의 생각과 느낌을 주체적으로 표현할 수 있다. 넷째, 학습자는 작품을 자신의 삶과 연관시켜 자신과 자신이 속한 사회의 모습을 총체적으로 이해할 수 있다. 교육연극을 활용한 수업은 학습자가 작품 속 인물이 되는 신체적 체험을 통해 작품을 향유할 수 있기 때문에 기존의 수동적이고 소극적인 학습자에서 주체적이고 적극적인 학습자가 되어 문학 작품의 내면화를 이룰 수 있는 수업이다. 또한 작품을 각색하는 과정을 통해 작품 분석 능력의 고양과 창의성과 상상력 계발을 할 수 있으며, 문학 작품을 자신의 삶과 연관시킴으로써 자신의 삶과 사회에 대한 총체적으로 이해하는데 효과적인 수업이다. Literature contains the life of human and image of the society. Therefore, learners can understand their lives and the society comprehensively through literature and internalize literature by applying literary values of works to their lives. However, literature education in the field of education is mostly provided as a form of lecture led by teachers that only emphasize literary knowledge. For such reason, learners stay in a passive position 'to only write knowledge conveyed by teachers in their seats' and it is impossible to internalize literature. Literature education using educational drama is one of alternatives to get over this problem. Educational drama is a way of class which learners actively appreciate literary works through physical experience to perform as figures of works by the medium of drama. Thus, this study examined the class using educational drama focusing on 「Wonmidong Saramdeul」 included in the textbook for the third grade of middle school. It was revealed that the teaching-learning plan of 「Wonmidong Saramdeul」 using educational drama was effective for the following reasons. First, learners are able to understand the work actively by performing educational drama by themselves. Second, learners can develop imagination and creativity during the process to adapt the work themselves. Third, learners can express their thoughts and feelings autonomously using the educational drama technique. Fourth, learners can understand themselves and the image of the society, they belong to, on the whole by connecting the work to their lives. Class using educational drama transforms passive and timid learners into independent and active learners and helps them internalize literary works, since it enables them to enjoy works through physical experience to play as figures of works. Moreover, it improves capabilities of learners to analyze works, and develop their creativity and imagination through the process of adapting works by themselves and is effective in understanding their lives and the society on the whole by linking literary works to their lives.