무위험 금리평형의 불균형: 금리․환율 개별 충격의 동태효과 분석

김윤영(Yun-Yeong Kim) 한국계량경제학회 2010 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC THEORY AND ECONOMETRICS Vol.21 No.2

본고에서는 외환위기 이후 우리나라의 무위험 금리 평형조건 (covered interest rate parity)의 불균형 오차 (disequilibrium error)와 국내외 금리 및 현ㆍ선물환율 개별충격과의 동태적 상관관계를 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여 김윤영⋅박준용 (2008), Kim(2008, 2009), Kim and Park (2008), 김윤영 (2009)을 따라 무위험 금리평형을 구성하는 변수들을 개별적으로 모두 고려한 VAR 모형에서 유도된 변환 오차수정모형을 도입하였다. 충격반응, 그랜저 검정 등의 분석 결과 2000 년대 들어 우리나라의 무위험 금리평형 불균형 오차는 환율 보다는 주로 국내외 금리 부분에서의 충격에서 유발되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 국내외 금리 및 현ㆍ선물환율 간의 장기 공적분 관계의 추정계수로 정의된 불균형 오차를 이용하여 동일한 동태분석을 실시한 경우와 구조모형의 식별 순서를 바꾼 경우에도 유사한 결과가 도출되었다. 그러나 무위험 금리평형 불균형 오차가 금리와 환율 변수에 미치는 영향은 분석 방법에 따라 상이하게 나타났다. 따라서 우리나라의 경우 환율ㆍ외환 정책 보다는 통화정책이 더 무위험 금리평형의 불균형을 유발하는 요인이 될 수 있으므로 통화당국의 기준금리 결정시 이를 고려해야 할 것으로 판단된다. This paper analyzes the dynsmics and determinants of disequilibrium error in the covered interest parity (CIP) thrpough the transformed error correction model following Kim and Park (2008), Kim (2008, 2009), Kim and Park (2008) and Kim (2009). According to the dynamic analyses including impulse response analyses and Granger causality test, I found the CIP disequilibrium error may be mainly caused not by the foreign exchange rate part but by the domestic and foreign interest part. However the dynamic effect of the CIP error to the interest rates and exchange rates was not meaningful. These results imply that there may be restrictions to hinder the arbitrage transaction to clear the CIP disequilibrium quickly. A restriction to this direction is the credit risk of Korean financial market and any policy reaction to reduce it may be necessary. For instance, any effort to inform the sound fundamentals of Korean economy in the international financial markets may be useful.

한방 임상연구 실무자들의 직무 및 스트레스에 관한 연구

김윤영,유종향,김호석,김윤정,김상혁,이시우,Kim, Yun-Young,Yoo, Jong-Hyang,Kim, Ho-Seok,Kim, Yun-Jeong,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Lee, Si-Woo 사상체질의학회 2011 사상체질의학회지 Vol.23 No.1

1. Objectives: In this research, job and stress of the staffs who is working on clinical trial of oriental medicine involved in the project of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM) was identified. And an efficient way to enhance the working ability of clinical trial of oriental medicine was developed by recognizing the relationship of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance with their stress. 2. Methods: A survey was conducted on 18 staffs in 12 hospitals who is working in the project of The construction of constitutional information collecting system for the scientification of Sasang Constitution. The collected data was analyzed with computer software of SPSS 17.0 3. Results: The research results are as follows: 1. The staffs of clinical trial of oriental medicine responded that they want to receive the rewards for their work with a salary, and they felt that through clinical demonstration followed by SOP and front face photograph are the most difficult works in clinical trial of oriental medicine. 2. Permanent workers showed higher organizational commitment than temporary workers in the relationship of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance with general characteristics(p=0.026). 3. In the relationship of job stress with general characteristics, the workers who are higher than college graduates had dissatisfaction in salary with the highest frequency(p=.004), and the workers whose monthly salary is higher than 2 millions won showed the lowest job stress(p=.021). 4. In the relationship of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance with job stress, as job apprehension stress is increased, job performance is dramatically decreased(p=.027). And as improper salary stress is increased, job satisfaction and organizational commitment is dramatically decreased (p=.018, p=.050). 4. Conclusions: It was clearly evidenced that job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance is closely related with stress of the staffs who is working on clinical trial of oriental medicine. And it is highly recommended that the improvement of working condition and the decrease of job stress can enhance the working ability of them.

사상체질에 따른 신체적 증상에 관한 연구

김윤영,김호석,백영화,유종향,김상혁,장은수,Kim, Yun-Young,Kim, Ho-Seok,Baek, Young-Hwa,Yoo, Jong-Hyang,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Jang, Eun-Su 사상체질의학회 2011 사상체질의학회지 Vol.23 No.3

1. Objectives: This clinical study was conducted to understand the differences between Sasang constitutional types and to identify the physical symptoms presentation specific to each Sasang constitutional type. 2. Methods: In this descriptive study, 2,629 subjects (1,061 Taeeum-type, 683 Soeum-type, 885 Soyang-type) were surveyed between Nov 1, 2007 and Jul 31, 2010. The subjective symptoms experienced by the subjects were collected using a Physical Symptoms questionnaire, and the subjects were interviewed by Sasang specialists who determined the subjects' constitutional type. The data (in crude number and percentage) was analyzed on the general characteristics, Sasang constitutional type, and physical symptoms using the SPSS 17.0 software. The symptomatic presentation in men and women were analyzed on Sasang constitutional distribution using the chi-square test. 3. Results: 1) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type were as follows: 'frequent aphthous lesions in the oral cavity', 'lingering fatigue after sleep', 'headache', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', and 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; 'physical deterioration presenting as problems in perspiration' and 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type; and 'excessive forgetfulness' in the Soyang type. 2) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type in men were as follows: 'Unilateral or bilateral headaches, 'frequent aphthous lesions in the oral cavity', 'common cold symptoms presenting as rhinorrhea or nasal congestion', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', and 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; and 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type. 3) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type in women were as follows: 'common cold symptoms presenting as headaches', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; and 'pain in knees', 'redness of eyes', 'dryness of mouth', 'common cold symptoms presenting as coughing', 'physical deterioration presenting as problems in perspiration', 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type. 4. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that physical symptoms present in constitutional type-specific patterns. Understanding of the personal Sasang constitutional type and systematic, personalized healthcare based on constitutional typology is anticipated to contribute to improved health management strategy.

외환위기 전후 원‧달러 환율의 불균형 오차 결정요인 분석

김윤영 (Yun-Yeong Kim) 한국계량경제학회 2008 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC THEORY AND ECONOMETRICS Vol.19 No.4

본고는 통화론적 환율결정모형과 Engle-Granger의 공적분이론에서 정의되는 원․달러 환율 불균형 오차의 결정요인을 외환위기 전․후 기간을 대상으로 분석하였다. 분석 모형으로는 김윤영‧박준용 (2007)을 따라 VAR 모형을 변환한 후 불균형 오차의 동태 방정식을 유도하여 사용하였으며, 이 방법은 오차수정모형 (error correction model)과 비교하여 불균형 오차의 발생요인 분해, 안정성(stationarity) 검정과 실물경제 변수와의 상호영향분석에 장점을 지니고 있다. 실증 분석 결과는 환율 변동성의 축소와 실물경제의 안정 성장이 서로 상치되는 정책목표일 수도 있음을 시사하고 있다. 즉 정책 당국의 개입비중이 컸던 외환위기 전의 경우 외환시장의 불균형이 발생하였을 경우 조정되는 속도는 외환위기 후에 비해 빨랐으나 이로 인한 환율의 왜곡이 성장률 등 실물경제에 부정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 외환위기 이후 자유변동환율제 실시로 환율 결정이 거시경제 변수 등 시장의 수급 요인에 의해 주로 결정됨에 따라 외환시장의 불균형이 발생하였을 경우 조정되는 속도는 외환위기 전에 비해 느려졌으나 성장률 등 실물경제에 미치는 부정적인 영향은 줄어든 것으로 보인다. The paper analyzes whether there was any change in the dynamics of disequilibrium error of Korean Won-Dollar foreign exchange rates before and after Asian financial crisis. We used a transformed error correction model where the dependent variable is the disequilibrium error deduced from the cointegration theory, following Kim and Park (2008). The long run equilibrium of exchange rate is basically defined from the monetary approach. From the estimation using the data for the period before the Asian financial crisis, we found there was the negative effect of exchange rate disequilibrium shock on the real growth rate, even though the disequilibrium error has been quickly disappeared probably through the government intervention. After the crisis, the disequilibrium error of exchange rate did not disappear quickly possibly due to the choice of free floating system. However the detrimental effect of disequilibrium shock for the real growth rate has been mitigated. The result confirms a policy dilemma that is a trade-off between the exchange rate stabilization and sound growth in the real sector which may not be attained simultaneously.

외상 후 스트레스 장애의 위험요인으로서의 사상체질

김윤영,김태열,박소영,장은수,Kim, Yunyoung,Kim, Tae-Yeol,Park, Soyoung,Jang, Eunsu 사상체질의학회 2020 사상체질의학회지 Vol.32 No.1

In this study, we suggested indirect evidence of whether Sasang constitution(SC) could be a risk factor for Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) among soldiers who participated in Vietnam war. The number of 199 subjects joined this study. We surveyed SC with KS-15 and PTSD with Korean Version of Impact of Event Scale-Revised questionnaires. A Chi-square test and a one-way ANOVA were performed according to SC type, and multiple logistic regression was used to produce odds ratios(ORs). Significant p was .05. The number(rate) of Taeeumin(TE), Soeumin(SE), and Soyangin(SY) types were 131(65.8%), 33(16.6%), and 35(17.6%) respectively. The score of PTSD in SE type(8.78±8.61) was significantly higher than those of SY(4.00±6.5) and TE types(3.65±6.78)(p=.001, SE>TE, SY, Scheffe). SE type was associated with increased PTSD prevalence compared with TE [OR 4.338; 95% CI 1.525-12.335, p<.01], and it was still associated with increased PTSD prevalence [OR 10.658; 95% CI 1.296-87.661, p<.05] after adjusting for age and weight. This study suggests that SC, particularly the SE type, might be significantly associated with PTSD and could be considered as a risk factor for PTSD.

Reevaluation of Clinical Efficacy of Peripheral Vasodilator: Ethaverine HCl

김윤영,조영원,Kim, Yoon-Young,Cho, Young-W. The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1975 대한약리학잡지 Vol.11 No.1

말정혈관확장제(末精血管擴張劑)인 Ethaverine의 임상효과(임상(臨床效果)는 말초동맥질환(末梢動脈疾患)을 갖인 29명(名)의 당뇨질환자(糖尿疾患者)를 대상으로 이중맹검(二重盲檢) 비교차(非交叉) 방법(方法)에 의(依)하여 연구검토(硏究檢討)하였다. 임상적(臨床的)인 개선(改善)은 간헐성파행증(間歇性跛行症)의 발생빈도(發生頻度)를 포함하는 환노(患老)들의 병역(病歷)으로부터 평가(評價)하였다. Ethaverine을 사주(四週) 치료후(治療後)는 임상증상(臨床症狀)을 개선(改善)하는데 있어 위약(僞藥)에 비(比)하여 효과가 없었다. 어째든 간에 Ethaverine은 위약(僞藥)보다는 혈관확장제(血管擴張劑)로서 효력이 있었다. Ethaverine에 의(依)하여 유발(誘發)되는 혈관확장제(血管擴張劑)의 성질(性質)은 alcohol의 그것과 유사하였다. 말초혈관확장제(末梢血管擴張劑)를 연구(硏究)하는 새로운 임상적(臨床的) 방법(方法)을 제시(提示)하였다. 하지(下肢)의 말초혈관(末梢血管) 동맥질환(動脈疾患)의 임상증상(臨床症狀)은 촉맥강도(觸脈强度)의 감소냉감(減少冷感) 및 피부(皮膚)의 변색(變色)등을 들 수 있다. 간헐성파행증(間歇性跛行症)도 수반하는 수가 있다. 혈관조직(血管組織)에 있어서의 병변(病變)이 이같은 증상(症狀)에 선행(先行)하여 일어나며 위중(危重)한 혈관부전(血管不全)의 입증(立證)은 혈관확장제료법(血管擴張劑療法) 또는 외과적(外科的) 처치(處置)를 택하는데 있어서의 결정적(決定的)인 요인(要因)이 된다. 만성 말초동맥질환(末梢動脈疾患)이 있는 술후환자(術後患者)들도 차후혈관확장제(次後血管擴張劑)의 치료(治療)를 받아야한다. 임상보고((臨床報告)에 의(依)하면 말초혈관확장제(末梢血管擴張劑)는 폐새성(閉塞性) 혈관질환(血管疾患)에 대(對)해서 보다는 혈관경련성(血管痙攣性) 말초혈관장해(末梢血管障害)에 대해서 보다 유효하며 비교적 큰 혈관상(血管床)보다는 작은 모세혈관상(毛細血管床) 일때의 혈관(血管)이 가장 잘 감응(感應)한다고 한다. 최근(最近)에 이르러 말초혈관확장제(末梢血管擴張劑)의 임상(臨床)효과는 수많은 임상연구가(臨床硏究家)들 및 임상의(臨床醫)들의 연구대상(硏究對象)이 되고있다. 본연구(本硏究)에서 연구자(硏究者)들은 혈관경련성말초동맥질환(血管痙攣性末梢動脈疾患)을 갖인 환자(患者)들에 대(對)한 말초혈관확장제(末梢血管擴張劑)로써의 Ethaverine HCl의 임상(臨床)효과를 재평가(再評價)하였다. Ethaverine은 각종임상시험결과(各種臨床試驗結果)에 의(依)하면 항경련제(抗痙攣劑)로서는 papaverine 보다도 2배(倍) 내지 4배(倍)정도 그 약효가 강력(强力)하다고 한다. The clinical efficacy of Ethaverine, a peripheral vasodilator, was studied according to a double-blind, non-cross over method in 29 diabetic patients with peripheral arterial diseases. The clinical improvement was assessed from the history of patients including the incidence and frequency of intermitten claudication. Ethaverine, after 4 weeks of therapy, was not effective in improving clinical symptoms compared to placebo. Ethaverine, however, was an efective vasodilator than placebo. The quality of vasodilation induced by Ethaverine, was similar to that of alcohol. A new clinical method of studying peripheral vasodilator was presented. The clinical symptoms of peripheral vascular arterial disease in the lower extrimities include reduced intensity of palpable pulses, coldness, and discoloration of the skin. Intermittent claudication may be present. Pathologic changes in vessel architecture precede the symptoms, and recognition of impending vascular insufficiency is a determining factor in selecting vasodilating therapy or surgical management. Also, post-operative patients who have chronic peripheral vascular arterial disease may be candidates for subsequent vasodilating therapy. Peripheral vasodilators, according to the series of reports, may be indicated in vasospastic peripheral vascular condition rather than an occlusive vascular disease and the vessel responds best when a relatively large vascular beds are involved rather than a small, capillary beds. Recently, the clinical efficacy of peripheral vasodilators have been challanged by many clinical investigators and clinicians. In this study, we have re-evaluated the efficacy of Ethaverine HCl as peripheral vasodilator in patients with vasospastic peripheral arterial disease. Ethaverine is claimed to be two to four times as potent a spasmolytic agent as papaverine in a variety of laboratory and clinical work.

수면중 간질발작을 주소로 하는 증후성 간질 환아 증례 보고

김윤영,민상연,김장현,Kim, Yoon-Young,Min, Sang-Yeon,Kim, Jang-Hyun 대한한방소아과학회 2009 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Objectives The purpose of this study is to report a case which gave various remarkable epilepsy treatment results by using oriental medicine. Methods We treated the patient with acupuncture as a main treatment and herbal medicine. We also recommended to the patient and patient's parents to continue oriental medical treatment for 2 years from now because symptomatic epilepsy is a type of disease which needs long term care. Results The epileptic seizure has been well controlled for 12 months so far, and the results was recorded by EEG. The EEG level was in normal range. Conclusions Even though this is only one case of the study but this case has an important meaning because the epilepsy was treated by oriental medicine, especially acupuncture treatment. The control of the symptomatic epileptic seizure was effective by means of increasing patient's quality of life. Further studies about effective treatment of symptomatic epilepsy would be needed with more various cases.

일본인 대상자의 사상체질별 소증, 병증 특성에 관한 연구

김윤영,유종향,김호석,이시우,Kim, Yun-Young,Yoo, Jong-Hyang,Kim, Ho-Suk,Lee, Si-Woo 사상체질의학회 2012 사상체질의학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Objectives In this research, the constitutional diagnosis based on the theory of Sasang constitutions were carried out to Japanese subjects living in Japan, and the external applicability of Sasang constitutional medicine was evaluated by analyzing the physiological symptoms and the pathological symptoms according to their constitutions. Methods Total 144 Japanese subjects who live in S city were invited from Mar. 2010 to Jul. 2011 for the research, and their constitutions were analyzed with constitution diagnosing tool that was developed by Korean institution of oriental medicine (KIOM) in 2011. The collected data was analyzed in terms of the physiological symptoms and the pathological symptoms according to the sasang constitutions with computer software of SPSS 17.0. Results In the physiological symptoms related to excrements, Soyangin more frequently did not have excrements of gold color (p=.034) and feel the tenesmus (p=.047) than the subjects of other constitutions. In the physiological symptoms related to cold & heat, Soyangin more frequently felt cold in feet and hands (p=.011), and Soeumin more frequently didn't like drinking water regardless of thirst (p=.017). In the physiological symptoms, Soyangin frequently felt dryness in eyes, and Taeumin frequently felt uncomfortable because of the phlegm. Conclusions The theory of Sasang constitution which is a Korean traditional medicine can also be applied to the health care of Japanese, and it can contribute to the health promotion of Japanese subjects.

비틀림과 평면외 굽힘을 받는 직사각단면 곡선 박판보 이론

김윤영,김영규,Kim, Yun-Yeong,Kim, Yeong-Gyu 대한기계학회 2000 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.24 No.10

We propose a new one-dimensional theory for thin-walled curved box beams having rectangular cross sections, in which torsional, out-of-plane bending, warping and distortional deformations are coupled. The major difference between the present theory and existing theories lies in that the present theory takes into account additional distortion as well as warping. To verify the present theory, a standard finite element based on the present theory is developed and used for numerical analysis. A couple of numerical examples indeed confirm that the consideration of warping and distortional deformations is very important.

군 무선네트워크 환경에서 적용 가능한 보안 터널링 기법 연구

김윤영,남궁승필,Kim, Yun-young,Namkung, Seung-Pil 한국융합보안학회 2015 융합보안 논문지 Vol.15 No.4

무선통신기술의 급격한 발달로 인해 상용기술을 접목한 군의 통신 기반체계 또한 무선체계 위주로 변하고 있다. 하지만 군의 통신은 비밀스러운 내용이 많을뿐더러 특히 물리적으로 보안시스템이 불완전한 무선 환경에서는 적의 위협이 더욱더 증가될 것으로 예상된다. 최근 차세대 전술네트워크 통신 시스템이 All IP 기반의 무선체계로 전력화될 예정이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 무선 환경에서 예상되는 위협요소를 살펴보고 이에 대한 적절한 터널링 기법에 대해 연구해 본다. Due to the rapid development of wireless communication technology, foundation system of military communication that is based on the daily use technology has been changed in to wireless system. However, military communication contains clssified information, and it is expected to have increase amount of enemy's there in such a imperfect security system. The next generation of tactical network communication system is expected to adopt All IP based wireless system. This research studies expected threatening factor on the wireless environment, and find the appropriate tunneling techniques.